chomp! english 105 – tosspon, mtg 5 turn in: research scaffold c/c vocab grammar log; narr verb...

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English 105 – Tosspon, Mtg 5

Turn in: Research Scaffold

C/C VocabGrammar log; Narr

• Verb Tense Shifts• Citing Sources• Finding quality sources

CARS

• Inserting quotes in YOUR paper

English 105 – Tosspon, Mtg 5

Turn in: Research Scaffold

C/C VocabGrammar log; Narr

• Verb Tense Shifts• Citing Sources• Finding quality sources

CARS

• Inserting quotes in YOUR paper

chomp!

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This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes!, ©2012

by Robin L. Simmons.

This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes!, ©2012

by Robin L. Simmons.

Tense Shift

Do I use the present tense

to maintain consistency?

Or do I need the past tense

instead?

This presentation covers recognizing appropriate verb tenses for a given

time frame or context.

This presentation covers recognizing appropriate verb tenses for a given

time frame or context.

A tense shift item on an objective test might look like this . . .

Sample Item

When King was a puppy, he chewed toys

and furniture. Now that he is an adult, he

wanted to chew the mail carrier most of all.

A. isB. wasC. wantsD. No change is necessary.

When King was a puppy, he chewed toys Aand furniture. Now that he is an adult, he Bwanted to chew the mail carrier most of all. C


When King was a puppy, he chewed toys Aand furniture. Now that he is an adult, he Bwants to chew the mail carrier most of all. C


Is was, is, or wanted in the wrong tense?

Is was, is, or wanted in the wrong tense?

Wanted should be present

tense, a correction option

C makes.

Wanted should be present

tense, a correction option

C makes.

Use present/present perfect tense to indicate current/regular action.

Jeffrey goes to the gym six days a week where he has gained not only muscle but also discipline.

Present tense: verb + s = singular; verb + Ø = plural.

Present perfect tense: has or have + past participle

I have gained attention from women too!

Jeffrey had lifted free weights for over an hour before someone mentioned the rip in his shorts.

Use past perfect to indicate a past action that occurred before another past action.

It’s a good thing I have

cute glutes.

Past tense: regular = verb + ed; irregular forms vary.

Past perfect tense: had + past participle

Jeffrey was showing off when he tore a muscle in his shoulder.

Use progressive tenses to indicate an ongoing action that occurs as another action happens.

Progressive tenses: form of be + verb + ing

Ouch!

When logic permits, you can mix past/present tenses with future .

Because he went to the gym today, Jeffrey will reward himself with a triple bacon cheeseburger for lunch. After he weighs himself tomorrow, he will regret the poor food choice.

Because I ate badly, I will have to do more crunches at

the gym.

Could/would = past tense of can/will .

Jeffrey thought he will have enough energy for his workout, but skipping breakfast meant that he cannot complete his training.

You would have had the

same problem!

Jeffrey thought he will have enough energy for his workout, but skipping breakfast meant that he cannot complete his training.

Jeffrey thought he would have enough energy for his workout, but skipping breakfast meant that he could not complete his training.

Quick Test

Directions: In the items that follow, choose the option that corrects an error in the underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose “No change is necessary.”

You think you’re tough? Show me

your tense strength.

You think you’re tough? Show me

your tense strength.

Item 1

Aunt Lillian had frozen four quarts of her

homegrown strawberries, but she lost them after

the hurricane was knocking out power for eight

days.

A. frozeB. had lostC. knockedD. No change is necessary.

Aunt Lillian had frozen four quarts of her Ahomegrown strawberries, but she lost them after Bthe hurricane was knocking out power for eight Cdays.


Aunt Lillian had frozen four quarts of her Ahomegrown strawberries, but she lost them after Bthe hurricane knocked out power for eight Cdays.


Item 2

Because Sammy had been eating all of the chocolate mint ice cream before she got home, Roxanne whacked him over the head.

A. ateB. was eatingC. had eatenD. No change is necessary.





Item 3

Carlos pawed at his hair and shook his head, but

he cannot dislodge the giant spider tangled in

his curls.

A. was pawingB. was shakingC. could notD. No change is necessary.

Carlos pawed at his hair and shook his head, but A Bhe cannot dislodge the giant spider tangled in Chis curls.


Carlos pawed at his hair and shook his head, but A Bhe could not dislodge the giant spider tangled in Chis curls.


Item 4

Grandpa planted a backyard garden, hoping that it was helping with the high cost of food.

A. will helpB. would helpC. helpedD. No change is necessary.





Item 5

When Gretchen was a freshman, she wanted to

major in biology, but after her first rat dissection,

she couldn’t change her major fast enough.

A. had beenB. was wantingC. cannotD. No change is necessary.

When Gretchen was a freshman, she wanted to A Bmajor in biology, but after her first rat dissection,

she couldn’t change her major fast enough. C


When Gretchen was a freshman, she wanted to A Bmajor in biology, but after her first rat dissection,

she couldn’t change her major fast enough. C


Item 6

Everyone is sleeping soundly when Brendan dropped the glass pitcher of lemonade on the stone tiles of the kitchen floor.

A. had been sleepingB. sleptC. would sleepD. No change is necessary.





Item 7

Ancient Egyptians spent their entire lives preparing

for their death and burial. Today, however, people

are thinking that such arrangements are morbid

and impolite to discuss.

A. were spendingB. thinkC. would beD. No change is necessary.

Ancient Egyptians spent their entire lives preparing Afor their death and burial. Today, however, people

are thinking that such arrangements are morbid B Cand impolite to discuss.


Ancient Egyptians spent their entire lives preparing Afor their death and burial. Today, however, people

think that such arrangements are morbid B Cand impolite to discuss.


Item 8

When Felicia saw the turtle trying to cross the busy road, she leaped out of her car and had carried the reptile to safety at the other side.

A. was carryingB. carriedC. will carryD. No change is necessary.





Item 9

George Washington believed that he was invincible

in battle. He rode a conspicuous white horse that

made him an easy target, yet no bullet had hit him,

validating his conviction of invulnerability.

A. had believedB. was ridingC. hitD. No change is necessary.

George Washington believed that he was invincible Ain battle. He rode a conspicuous white horse that Bmade him an easy target, yet no bullet had hit him, Cvalidating his conviction of invulnerability.


George Washington believed that he was invincible Ain battle. He rode a conspicuous white horse that Bmade him an easy target, yet no bullet hit him, Cvalidating his conviction of invulnerability.


Item 10

We would have bite marks on our ankles and scratches on our thighs ever since adopting Nelson, our feisty kitten.

A. hadB. haveC. will haveD. No change is necessary.





Quoting & Citing

With a lil bit of “finding quality sources” thrown in

Quoti ng Pg 393 Quotations must be identical to the

original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author.

• Direct quotation. Finally, determining which frog had committed the atrocity she shouted, “Off with his head!” (Burton 26:52). MLA style

citation

Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.

• Paraphrase. In Chapter 11 of Into the Wild, Walt, McCandless’s father, remembers an early hike with twelve-year-old Chris. They made it to 13,000 feet before turning back from the 14,256-foot summit in Colorado. Chris did not want to quit, and complained all the way down (Krakauer, 109).

Summarizing

Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

Summary. In Into the Wild, Krakauer seems to be working out his own past and his relationship with his father as well as telling the sad story of Chris McCandless. Because Krakauer, too, is a man of the outdoors, he understands something about the call of the wild.

P ra c ti c e Pa ra p h ra s e , Q u o te , S u m m a r y

Handout

Practi ce “Natural Remedies”

1. Many foods can help mild to moderate nausea. Ginger and fruit are examples of foods that can help an individual feel better.

2. Pectin, found in apples, peaches, plums, and carrots, can help decrease nausea.

3. “Ginger…[is a] very powerful plant that works on the digestive tract” (Greening 18).

Using Quotes/Paraphrases

Your quote can’t make your point for you. YOU must make your point.

Use a quote,tell the reader WHAT it shows and why.

Try it on YOUR quote(s)

Fill out a paragraph organizer for YOUR main points/quotes

Obvious Plagiarism

buying, stealing, or borrowing a paper (including, of course, copying an entire paper or article from the Web);

hiring someone to write your paper for you; and copying large sections of text from a source without quotation marks or proper citation.

Cite It

Words or ideas presented in a magazine, book, newspaper, song, TV program, movie, Web page, computer program, letter, advertisement, or any other medium

Information you gain through interviewing or conversing with another person, face to face, over the phone, or in writing

When you copy the exact words or a unique phrase When you reprint any diagrams, illustrations, charts, pictures,

or other visual materials When you reuse or repost any electronically-available

media, including images, audio, video, or other media

DON’T Cite It

Writing your own lived experiences, your own observations and insights, your own thoughts, and your own conclusions about a subject

When you are writing up your own results obtained through lab or field experiments

When you use your own artwork, digital photographs, video, audio, etc.

When you are using "common knowledge," things like folklore, common sense observations, myths, urban legends, and historical events (but not historical documents)

When you are using generally-accepted facts, e.g., pollution is bad for the environment, including facts that are accepted within particular discourse communities, e.g., in the field of composition studies, "writing is a process" is a generally-accepted fact.

Must Cite in 2 places: In-text

Works Cited Page

(also known as ‘parenthetical documentation’)In other words- in parentheses.

Your in-text citations work with your bibliography (works cited) page to identify where any quotes or ideas borrowed from another author

came from.

“References in the text MUST clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited.”

- MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th ed.

Halio, Jay L., "Elizabethan Age." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006. HF-L High School. 1 Apr 2006 <http://gme.grolier.com>.

Life in Elizabethan England. Summer 2005. 31 Mar 2006 <http://renaissance.dm

.net/compendium>. Pressley, J. M. "An Encapsulated Biography." Shakespeare Resource Center,

February 10, 2005. 3 Mar 2006 <http://www.bardweb.net/man.html>. Shakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 1969. Thomas, Heather. The Life in Times of Queen Elizabeth I. 23 Mar 2006. 1 Apr

2006 <www.elizabethi.org>.

Works Cited

http://www.bardweb.net/man.html

In the body of the paper, it looks like this:

When Mercutio is wounded, he screams “A plague on both your houses!” referring to both the Capulets and the Montagues (Shakespeare 70).

In-text c itati ons: Direct Quote

Works CitedShakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 1969. Print.

Direct Quotes

Direct quotation:• Educators are cautioned that “…labels tend to

stick, and few people go back later to document a shifting profile of intelligences” (Gardner 139).

Paraphrase with in-text citation:• Gardner explains that there are difficulties in

labeling children with a type of intelligence, including the problem that labels may last, while the assessment may change (139).

Which of these should be cited?

A. On September 11, 2001, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were attacked by hijacked airplanes.

B. Atta, Binalshibh, al Shehhi, and Jarrah had lived in Germany and were chosen over more established Al Qaeda members due to their exposure to the West and ability to speak English.

B was correct : i t i s specifi c and not commonly known

How would you cite it? In the text of your paper: Atta, Binalshibh, al Shehhi, and Jarrah had lived in

Germany and were chosen over more established Al Qaeda members due to their exposure to the West and ability to speak English (National Commission 160).

In the Works Cited:

National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. The 9/11 Commission Report. New York: W.W. Norton, 2004.

W h i c h o f T H ES E d o yo u n e e d to c i te ?

A. “The science labs at East St. Louis High School are 30 to 50 years outdated.”

B. When public schools were segregated, conditions were not equal.

A! I t i s very spec ifi c , even w/ out quotes!

How would you cite it? In-body: “The science labs at East St. Louis High

School are 30 to 50 years outdated” (Kozol 27).

In the Works Cited:

Kozol, Jonathan. Savage Inequalities: Children in America’s Schools. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. Print.

Good Sources/Bad Sources Do NOT use wikipedia as a cited source.

• Because anyone can change anything Sources that end in .edu

or .gov are more reliable.

News agencies often end in .com

Beware of .org, .com, and .net websites. • Sometimes can be used to show people’s

opinions. Should NOT be used for facts unless reputable source such as news site.

No more than 25% of your

paper should be quotes

CARS

Is your web source Credible Accurate Reliable Supported

See handout, analyze 1 source YOU used. Sometimes you may use a non-credible source,

if you are quoting an opinion and state it as such in your paper.

Quotati on Punctuati on

Period goes AFTER the quote

Citation: use 1st thing in the Works Cited page (usually author’s last name or

article title)

Works Cited Use www.easybib.com Make sure ALL information is correct Works Cited goes on its OWN PAGE

• Do NOT trust Microsoft! It uses MLA 2007

http://www.easybib.com/

Computer Room Assignments

1. CARS worksheet (due today)

2. Research Scaffold (due today) Title of the article Author of the article Source of the article Date the article published

3. Review your Narrative grade (emailed to you if you submitted on time)

Begin working on Grammar log (due next class meeting)

Homework

Compare/Contrast Rough Draft

Grammar Logfor Narrative

Peer Revis ion: Compare/Contrast

Use the Handout Author: Remember to respond

(questions 17-29)• Author- you are asked to write a different

STYLE of intro and a different STYLE of conclusion (see chpt 4)

• If you used a personal story, try using a quote! If you used a call to action, try using an anecdote!

chomp! english 105 – tosspon, mtg 5 turn in: research scaffold c/c vocab grammar log; narr verb...

Documents

past perfect tense

past participle present

past participle slide

past action

tense shift item

paper slide

verb s

singular verb