One MountainTwo Tigers

Eric~Claire~Wenbo~Ben

Focus HistoryCulture

Current Events Chinese and Japanese economies

World Effects

Conclusions

Where to begin?

Glance at the Past

Book of Later Han

57 The King of Na golden seal sent to Wa (Japan)

from the emperor during the time of the

Han Dynasty

Golden Seal discovered in the 18th century in Kyushu

Melting

Japanese imperial embassies sent to China Buddhist teachings Architecture City Planning Customs and Culture

Battle of Baekgang AD 663Key Players: (Silla + Tang China) vs. (Baekje + Yamato

Japan)Heavy losses for Japan: 300 vessels destroyed

An isolated Japan

Growing Trade Relations

Port of Ningbo Continued exchange of goods and cultural elements

SakokuNo foreigner could enter nor could any Japanese leave the

country on penalty of death1633-1868

Meiji RestorationTrade barriers are relaxed

Beginnings of contact with Western cultures Modernization ~ Military Power

Combination of Western advances with eastern values

Fought between Qing Dynasty and Meiji

Japan (1894-95) Dominance over Korea where much of the

war took place China was defeated by a modern and

militarized Japan 1882 Crisis, Gapsin Coup, Nagasaki

Incident, Tonghak Rebellion

First Sino-Japanese War

Mukden Incident

Rape of Nanking Occurred during a six-week period starting December 13, 1937

Widespread rape and looting took place(*Tens of thousands*) of Chinese civilians were murdered by

soldiers of the Japanese imperial army

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_ztNmV8occ

September 18, 1931Small quantity of dynamite was detonated nearby Japan’s South

Manchuria Railway. Used as pretext for Japanese invasion.

Second Sino-Japanese War

1937-45

Japanese surrender after atomic bombings and Soviet invasion of Manchuria

Historical Observations

AlliancesGeographical Territory

Western Influences Bloody Massacres

Language

Modern Tension

9,600,000 square

kilometers 1.3billion people five thousand years’

recorded history 56 ethnic groups 23provinces, 4

municipalities, 5 autonomous regions, 2 SARs.

Chinese Culture

Anhui Fujian (Fukien) Gansu Guangdong (Canton) Guizhou Hainan Hebei Heilongjiang Henan Hubei Hunan Jiangsu

23 Provinces

JiangxiJilin Liaoning Qinghai Shandong ShanxiShan'xi (Shaanxi)Sichuan (Szechuan)Taiwan YunnanZhejiang

Guangxi Zhuang

Autonomous Region Inner

Mongolia Autonomous Region

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Tibet Autonomous Region Xinjiang Uyghur

Autonomous Region 

4 Municipalities/5 Autonomous Regions

Beijing (Peking) (北京市 )

Chongqing (Chongking)  (重庆市 )

Shanghai (上海市 )

Tianjin (天津市 )

Hong Kong (香港 ) Macau (澳门 )

2 Special Administrative

Regions

Demography

Han (1.2 billion) Zhuang (16.1 million), Manchu (10.6 million), Hui (9.8 million), Miao (8.9 million), Uyghur (8.3 million), Tujia (8 million), Yi (7.7 million), Mongol (5.8 million),

Main ethnic groups in China

Tibetan (5.4 million), Buyei (2.9 million), Dong (2.9 million), Yao (2.6 million), Korean (1.9 million), Bai (1.8 million), Hani (1.4 million), Kazakh (1.2 million), Li (1.2 million).

Confucianism

Philosophy

Taoism Buddhism

Confucius

Lao Zi Shakyamuni

Confucianism (儒家 ; pinyin:

Rújiā) is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of Confucius (Kǒng Fūzǐ, lit. "Master Kong", 551–478 BC).

It is a complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia.

Confucianism

Laozi (老子 ; pinyin: Lǎozǐ;) was a

philosopher of China around 6th century B.C. and is a central figure in Taoism.

Laozi literally means "Old Master" and is generally considered an honorific.

Taoism is the Chinese religion which believes in ghosts and spirits. It emphasized cooperation with the natural forces.

Taoism

Buddhism is a religion and philosophy

encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Shakyamuni (Gautama), commonly known as the Buddha.

Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BC.

Buddhism

Chinese culinary arts are famous all over the

world. Chinese dishes appeal to the senses through sight, smell, taste, texture.

Chinese cuisine includes a variety of different flavors due to China's vast geography and diverse nationalities. Local dishes with their own distinctiveness can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines.

Chinese cuisine

Chinese Eight Regional Cuisines

Beijing Roast duck is thought to be one of the most delicious dishes all over the

world; most visitors coming to Beijing will never forget to have a try.

Beijing Roast Duck

There are many

traditional festivals in China, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival.

But Spring Festival, also known as Chinese new year, is the most important in our culture, just as important as Christmas Day in western culture.

Spring Festival

Painting, Embroidery, China

embroidery

painting

china

Food Clothes Traditional events

Japanese culture

Kimono is Japan's national

costume, the highly traditional Japanese culture for hundreds of years and the Japanese life closely linked. Even today, whenever there’s a holiday or a wedding, funeral graduation ceremonies and celebrations such as a grand occasion, the Japanese kimono is still the first choice

Kimono

The word for “meal” in Japanese is gohan. This

word actually refers to steamed rice, but rice is such an important food to the Japanese that Gohan has come to mean all sorts of meals

The most traditional Japanese meal is a serving of plain, which rice, along with a main dish(fish or meat), some kind of side dish (often cooked vegetables), soup and pickled vegetables.

The Japanese Dining table

Before eating, Japanese people say

“itadakimasu”, a polite phrase meaning “I receive this food.” this expresses thanks to whoever worked to prepare the food in the meal.

After eating , people once again express their thanks for the meal by saying “gochiso sama deshita, ”which literally means” it was quite a feast”

Eating a meal

Sushi Sushi is a kind of rice

topped with vegetables. It is a spectacular combination of various ingredients including rice, fish and vinegar and is the most representative Japanese cuisine

Food

Shrimp tempura

Sashimi

Japanese Ramen noodles

Takoyaki

In japan, the cherry

is called “Sakura”, which is generally believed to be a corruption of the word “Sakura” blooming from the name of princess KoNO-Hana-sakura-Hime

Sakura

Children’s day, which falls on May 5th

during Golden week, was traditionally called Boys Day in English , and was a day set aside to wish for the healthy growth and future career success of young boys

Traditional decorations were carp-shaped cloth streamers attached to poles and dolls in the guise of warriors, while specials food delicacies were rick dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves and rice cakes wrapped in oak leaves.

Children’s day

China

China

• China is dependent on international trade which represents over one quarter of its GDP of $8.227 trillion USD (2012)

• China has abandoned the Soviet-style centrally planned economy and made the move to a market oriented economic system

• Since the 1980’s GDP has risen to $10 trillion, and in 2006 foreign trade has exploded reaching $1.75 trillion

• Most of the Economic growth is from special economic zones that has increased trade, foreign investment, and technology

• The EU collectively has become China’s most important export outlet.

• China’s neighbors; Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan account for about 20% of its total trade and investments.

Japan

Japan

Government type: a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy

Legal system: civil law system based on German model; system also reflects Anglo-American influence and Japanese traditions; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court

Chief of state: Emperor AKIHITO (since 7 January 1989) Head of government: Prime Minister Shinzo ABE (since 26 December

2012); Japan in 2013 stood as the fourth-largest economy in the world after

second-place China, which surpassed Japan in 2001, Among world's largest in technologically advanced producers of motor

vehicles, electronic equipment, and machine tools,

China and Japans GDP (2012)

Current Event between China and Japan Rightful Ownership of The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands

China claims the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands, that are one hundred miles northeast of Taiwan as well as the Paracel and Spratly Islands in the South China Sea

The U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea gives countries the right to an exclusive economic zone extending 200 nautical miles from their coasts.

The importance of the claims would give rightful territorial ownership of a region where vast underwater natural gas fields are located in the center of the sea.

The amount of oil and natural gas at stake in the South/East China Sea is unknown.

A Chinese estimate approximates 213 billion barrels, which if accurate would exceed the proved reserves of almost all countries except for 2, being Venezuela at 296.5 billion at the end of 2011 and Saudi Arabia 265. 4 billion barrels.

Japanese surveyors departing the Senkaku Islands, where oil and natural gas prospects loom large in a

dispute with ChinaIn Asia, and especially in China demand for power and fuel will eventually exceed the current supply

Advances in deep-water drilling technology have made offshore oil and gas resources within reach for the first time

213 Billion barrels of oil!?!?!?

Costs of Crude Oil Per Barrel

U.S. Crude Oil First Purchase Price (Dollars per Barrel)

Peaceful Resolution

Both governments know that war would be economically disastrous, with annual trade between China and Japan in excess of $340 billion

One solution is to file a case with the International Court of Justice for arbitration. Although China nor Japan want these disputes to be settled by the International Court of Justice and risk surrender of their sovereignty.

East China Sea Peace Initiative (ECSPI). The plan calls for a peaceful resolution to the dispute that: avoids antagonism; promotes dialogue; abides by international law; establishes a code of conduct; and allows for joint exploration and development of resources in the disputed area.

GDP: $13.37 trillion Industries: industry, machine building, textiles and apparel,

consumer products, electronics, transportation equipment Labor force: 797.6 million Unemployment rate: 6.4% Budget deficit: 2.1% of GDP Export partners: Hong Kong-17.4%, U.S.- 16.7%, Japan-6.8%,

South Korea-4.1% Import partners: South Korea-9.4%, Japan-8.3%, Taiwan 8%,

U.S.-7.8%, Australia-5%, Germany-4.8% Stock of FDI at home: $1.344 trillion Stock of FDI abroad: $644.2 trillion (both much larger than

world comparison numbers)

The Modern Chinese Economy-Fast Facts

GDP: $4.729 trillion Industries: motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine

tools, steel, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed food Labor force: 65.62 million Unemployment rate: 4.1% Budget deficit: 8.2% of GDP Export partners: China-18.1%, U.S.-17.8%, South Korea-7.7%,

Thailand-5.5%, Hong Kong-5.1% Import partners: China-21.3%, U.S.-8.8%, Australia-6.4%,

Saudia Arabia-6.2%, UAE-5%, South Korea-4.6%, Qatar-4% Stock of FDI at home: $231.2 billion Stock of FDI abroad: $1.179 trillion (larger than country

comparison to world)

The Modern Japanese Economy-Fast Facts

Future Economic Projections

Future Economic Projections cont.

Future Economic Projections cont.

Focusing in on the consumer electronic market, the Chinese economy is projected to flourish in coming years, while the Japanese economy is projected to decrease it’s market size. This is assuming no major war breaks out between the two.

In 2013, trade volume between two dropped 5.1% from

2012 Followed a 3.9% drop from 2011 to 2012 China using economic leverage to obtain geopolitical

goals China enforcing stronger labor and environmental laws

“High levels of economic interdependence” are “war-inducing” instead of “peace-inducing” if “states do not expect high levels of interdependence to continue.” –Samuel Huntington (The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order)

Implications in China and Japan

Represent second- and third-largest

economies in the world General Motors, Microsoft, Boeing, Nike, Coca-

Cola, Procter&Gamble have huge businesses in both

Low political trust between the two U.S. not positioned to step in the middle of the

battle Consider top exporters and importers

Implications on Global Economy

Military conflict unlikely Japan allied with U.S. Strong economic ties between China and

Japan easing the escalation of military conflict (about $300 billion in bilateral trade)

Should investors watch out for

tensions?