China• Chapter 8 & 16

• Pg. 134 & 292

Do not take notes on the ORANGE words.

ObjectivesObjectives What role does religion play?What role does religion play? Discuss the impact of the Discuss the impact of the

innovations of the period.innovations of the period. How did government develop?How did government develop? How did they rise/fall?How did they rise/fall? Describe daily life during history.Describe daily life during history.

China Vocabulary

1. Huang River2. Chang River (Yangtze)3. Loess4. Feudal State5. Mandate of Heaven6. Confucius7. Laozi8. Paddies9. Wu Di10. Silk Road

Ancient Asia MapUse pages 118, 127 and 136 for locations.

Directions: Locate the following by outlining and coloring locations. Identify locations by name or number and use DIFFERENT COLORS for areas adjacent to each other.

1. Nepal2. Huang River3. Chang River4. Tibet5. Kapilavastu6. Indian Ocean7. South China Sea8. Japan9. Beijing10. Shanghai11. Taiwan12. Yellow Sea13. India14. Mongolia15. Vietnam

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Timeline Timeline (Pg. 134 & 292)(Pg. 134 & 292)

— Neolithic (12000 – 2000 B.C.E.)Neolithic (12000 – 2000 B.C.E.)— Xia (2100 – 1800 B.C.E.)Xia (2100 – 1800 B.C.E.)— Shang (1700 – 1027 B.C.E.)Shang (1700 – 1027 B.C.E.)— Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 220 B.C.E.)Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 220 B.C.E.)— Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 B.C.E.)Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 B.C.E.)— Han Dynasty (220 B.C. – 220 C.E.)Han Dynasty (220 B.C. – 220 C.E.)— Three Kingdoms (220 – 265 C.E.)Three Kingdoms (220 – 265 C.E.)— Chin Dynasty (265 – 420 C.E.)Chin Dynasty (265 – 420 C.E.)— Northern and Southern Dynasties (420 – Northern and Southern Dynasties (420 –

588 C.E.)588 C.E.)— Sui Dynasty (580 – 618 C.E.)Sui Dynasty (580 – 618 C.E.)— T’ang Dynasty (618 – 907 C.E.)T’ang Dynasty (618 – 907 C.E.)— Five Dynasties (907 – 960 C.E.)Five Dynasties (907 – 960 C.E.)— Song Dynasty (960 – 1279 C.E.)Song Dynasty (960 – 1279 C.E.)— Jin Dynasty (1127 – 1234 C.E.)Jin Dynasty (1127 – 1234 C.E.)— Yuan Dynasty (1279 – 1368 C.E.)Yuan Dynasty (1279 – 1368 C.E.)— Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644 C.E.)Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644 C.E.)

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Geography influenced Geography influenced early Chinese civilizationearly Chinese civilization

Northern ChinaNorthern China LoessLoess

Huang River Huang River Valley begins Valley begins around 5000 BCaround 5000 BC

FarmingFarming Silk Silk Yangtze RiverYangtze River

Northern ChinaNorthern China LoessLoess

Huang River Huang River Valley begins Valley begins around 5000 BCaround 5000 BC

FarmingFarming Silk Silk Yangtze RiverYangtze River

More GeographyMore Geography

Role of ReligionRole of Religion 2100 B.C.E. 2100 B.C.E. = Shaman develop= Shaman develop 1700 B.C.E. 1700 B.C.E. = Nobles were head of army & = Nobles were head of army &

also also religious leadersreligious leaders 1027 B.C.E. 1027 B.C.E. = Mandate of Heaven= Mandate of Heaven

= Human Sacrifice also banned= Human Sacrifice also banned = Confucianism, Taoism and = Confucianism, Taoism and

Legalism emergeLegalism emerge 220 C.E. 220 C.E. = Buddhism spreads= Buddhism spreads 580 C.E. 580 C.E. = Nobles important: = Nobles important:

Confucianism popularConfucianism popular 907 C.E.907 C.E. = Buddhism = Buddhism / Neo- / Neo-

Confucianism Confucianism Religion makes government weakReligion makes government weak

ShamanShaman 2100 2100 B.C.E.B.C.E.

1700 1700 B.C.E. B.C.E.

1027 1027 B.C.E. B.C.E.

220 220 C.E. C.E.

580 580 C.E. C.E.

907 907 C.E.C.E.

People that communicate with spirits for help and guidance.

Role of Religion Role of Religion NoblesNobles

2100 2100 B.C.E. B.C.E.

1700 1700 B.C.E.B.C.E.

1027 1027 B.C.E. B.C.E.

220 220 C.E. C.E.

580 580 C.E. C.E.

907 907 C.E.C.E.

Nobles loyal to the king are head of the army and seen as religious leaders who are given power to govern by the command of heaven.

Mandate of HeavenMandate of Heaven 2100 2100

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1700 1700

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1027 1027

B.C.E.B.C.E. 220 220

C.E. C.E.

580 580 C.E. C.E.

907 907 C.E.C.E.

Belief that a ruler wins because they are worthy of winning because Heaven deems them worthy.

Only way to know you are not worthy is to be defeated.

PhilosophiesPhilosophies

Confucianism: Confucianism: Respect for family, hard work and educationRespect for family, hard work and education

Taoism: Keeping your life simpleTaoism: Keeping your life simple

Buddhism: Buddhism: Respect for other property and all lifeRespect for other property and all life

Legalism: All power to the legal ruler Legalism: All power to the legal ruler

Before you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two gravesBefore you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two graves..ConfuciusConfucius

Eightfold Path: Eightfold Path: To know the truth To know the truth To intend to resist evil To intend to resist evil To not say anything to hurt others To not say anything to hurt others To respect life, property, and morality To respect life, property, and morality To work at a job that does not injure othersTo work at a job that does not injure others To try to free one's mind from evil To try to free one's mind from evil To be in control of one's feelings and thoughts To be in control of one's feelings and thoughts To practice appropriate forms of To practice appropriate forms of

concentration concentration

What Philosophy do you What Philosophy do you follow?follow?In pairs ask each other the following questions.In pairs ask each other the following questions.Determine if your partner follows the ideas of Confucianism, Determine if your partner follows the ideas of Confucianism,

Taoism, Buddhism or Legalism.Taoism, Buddhism or Legalism.

1. Your friend smokes and is trying to get you to start. How do you handle this situation?

2. You know that you are failing a class. Students from each of these doctrines know they will be in trouble when their parents find out. How do they handle this situation?

3. You have just found $20 in the hall. What should you do?4. Your parents have just spent a lot of money on a new outfit. You

have been playing around and have gotten ink all over it. What should you tell your parents, or should you?

5. You really like a new student in school, but all the other students are making fun of the new student's clothes. How should you act?

6. You know that an older brother or sister is cheating on tests. How should you act?

7. You see an opportunity to take something you have really want, without being caught. How should you act?

Buddhism SpreadsBuddhism Spreads 2100 2100

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1700 1700

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1027 1027

B.C.E. B.C.E. 220 220

C.E.C.E.

580 580 C.E. C.E.

907 907 C.E.C.E.

•When many Confucian nobles move south, new leaders were not traditional Chinese.

•Traditional Chinese Nobles were Confucian or shamanistic religions.

•Peasants and other commoners believed in Buddhism because it promised an afterlife.

Buddhism DeclinesBuddhism Declines 2100 2100

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1700 1700

B.C.E. B.C.E. 1027 1027

B.C.E. B.C.E. 220 220

C.E. C.E.

580 580 C.E.C.E.

907 907 C.E.C.E.

Nobles in Charge

By 955 C.E. = People in north were persecuted for believing in Buddhism.

Dynasties …in a nutshellDynasties …in a nutshell

Neolithic Period Neolithic Period (12000 – 2000 (12000 – 2000

B.C.)B.C.)

LifestyleLifestyle Silk productionSilk production

Made China famous Made China famous for tradefor trade

Xia Dynasty Xia Dynasty (2100 – 1800 B.C.)(2100 – 1800 B.C.)

GovernmentGovernment Ruling Families –Ruling Families –

dramatic rituals dramatic rituals Rulers also Rulers also ShamanShaman = = people that people that

communicated with spirits for communicated with spirits for help/guidancehelp/guidance

Shang DynastyShang Dynasty (1700 B.C. – 1027 (1700 B.C. – 1027

B.C.)B.C.)

GovernmentGovernment Ruled by kings & Ruled by kings &

noblesnobles ReligionReligion

Nobles were head of Nobles were head of army and religious army and religious leadersleaders

Legendary InventionLegendary Invention WritingWriting

Oracle BonesOracle Bones BambooBamboo

Zhou DynastyZhou Dynasty (1027 – 220 B.C.) (1027 – 220 B.C.)

GovernmentGovernment Defeated the Shang DynastyDefeated the Shang Dynasty Feudal Feudal Created Mandate of HeavenCreated Mandate of Heaven

InnovationsInnovations Confucianism, Taoism and LegalismConfucianism, Taoism and Legalism Iron = Population growthIron = Population growth

Qin Dynasty Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 B.C.)(221 – 206 B.C.)

GovernmentGovernment Defeated Warring States (last Zhou Defeated Warring States (last Zhou

period)period) United Warring StatesUnited Warring States Used LegalismUsed Legalism

Emphasized all power to the legal ruler Emphasized all power to the legal ruler

InnovationsInnovations Standardized language, writing, currency Standardized language, writing, currency

and roadsand roads

FallFall Emperor became a dictatorEmperor became a dictator Death = end of QinDeath = end of Qin

Han Dynasty Han Dynasty (206 – 220 A.D.)(206 – 220 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment Continued Qin ideas + Confucius ideasContinued Qin ideas + Confucius ideas Continued unification + expansionContinued unification + expansion

InnovationsInnovations Expansion led to Silk RoadExpansion led to Silk Road Writing Writing recording the past recording the past

FallFall Economic & political struggles aroseEconomic & political struggles arose Peasant movement occurred Peasant movement occurred defeated defeated led led

to un-unified Chinato un-unified China

Three Kingdoms Three Kingdoms (Wei, Shu, Wu)(Wei, Shu, Wu)

(220 – 265 A.D.)(220 – 265 A.D.)

EconomyEconomy Kingdoms grew out of chief economic Kingdoms grew out of chief economic

areasareas FallFall

Constant civil warConstant civil war ReligionReligion

Buddhism spreadBuddhism spread

Chin Dynasty Chin Dynasty (265 – 420 A.D.)(265 – 420 A.D.)

Three Kingdoms GovernmentThree Kingdoms Government Wei & Shu + WuWei & Shu + Wu Everyone’s together again = NO Everyone’s together again = NO

DANGERDANGER FallFall

Give up weapons and armiesGive up weapons and armies NOT EVERYONE listened!!NOT EVERYONE listened!! Death of Chin EmperorDeath of Chin Emperor

North & South Dynasties North & South Dynasties (420 – 588 A.D.)(420 – 588 A.D.)

Northern DynastiesNorthern Dynasties Northern WeiNorthern Wei Eastern WeiEastern Wei Western WeiWestern Wei Northern QiNorthern Qi Northern ZhouNorthern Zhou

Southern DynastiesSouthern Dynasties SongSong LiangLiang ChenChen

Disunity from Disunity from previous previous dynastiesdynasties

ReligionReligion Buddhism Buddhism

expanded in expanded in northnorth

Promise of after-Promise of after-lifelife

Sui Dynasty Sui Dynasty (580 – 618 A.D.)(580 – 618 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment Began by Northern Zhou leaderBegan by Northern Zhou leader Expanded bordersExpanded borders

FallFall Attacked and defeated in Korea 4 times!Attacked and defeated in Korea 4 times! Led to Khan and northern Turks attackingLed to Khan and northern Turks attacking

ReligionReligion Nobles important = Confucianism popular Nobles important = Confucianism popular

againagain

T’ang Dynasty T’ang Dynasty (618 – 907 A.D.)(618 – 907 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment T’ang CodeT’ang Code Tax/Census SystemTax/Census System EfficiencyEfficiency

Led to expanded bordersLed to expanded borders Tea trade and rice productionTea trade and rice production

FallFall Strong, autonomous military Strong, autonomous military

leadersleaders Peasant uprisingsPeasant uprisings

Five DynastiesFive Dynasties (907 – 960 A.D.) (907 – 960 A.D.)

NorthNorth Five Dynasties = 5 officially Five Dynasties = 5 officially

recognized dynastiesrecognized dynasties AdvancesAdvances

Tea, Translucent Porcelain, Tea, Translucent Porcelain,

Printing & paper moneyPrinting & paper money

BeliefsBeliefs Buddhism declinedBuddhism declined Binding feetBinding feet

Song Dynasty Song Dynasty (960 – 1279 A.D.)(960 – 1279 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment Pay enemies - Pay enemies - fight them fight them Northern took over southern dynastiesNorthern took over southern dynastiesInnovationsInnovations Gunpowder / ShipsGunpowder / Ships Importance of educationImportance of educationFallFall Religion made them less strongReligion made them less strong Nobles had too much powerNobles had too much power

Yuan Dynasty Yuan Dynasty (1279 – 1368 A.D.)(1279 – 1368 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment Mongols defeated ChineseMongols defeated Chinese Mongols Mongols Chinese (completely different) Chinese (completely different)

FallFall Mongols did not use ChineseMongols did not use Chinese

Led to uprisingsLed to uprisings Led to less revenueLed to less revenue

Excessive spendingExcessive spending Stopped caring about ChinaStopped caring about China

Ming Dynasty Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644 A.D.)(1368 – 1644 A.D.)

GovernmentGovernment Trade but Trade but Military Military $ Problems$ Problems

InnovationsInnovations Great WallGreat Wall

FallFall Internal struggle for Internal struggle for powerpower Weak leadersWeak leaders

ImpactImpact

The Great WallThe Great Wall Literature / Arts (poetry, opera and Literature / Arts (poetry, opera and

novels)novels) Much of knowledge lost to others Much of knowledge lost to others

through history political strugglethrough history political struggle