CHILDREN, FOOD AND NUTRITION

SEMINAR PRESENTATION

IN

UGC-SPONSERED 83 RD ORIENTATION PROGRAMME

Dr. NIDHI SINHAResistration no. 40

Assistant Professor

P.G.Depatment of Home- Science

Veer Kuwar Singh University Ara.

▪At least 1 in 3 children under 5 is undernourished & overweight

▪ At least 1 in 2under 5 suffers from hidden hunger,

undermining the capacity of

millions of children to grow and develop

to their full potential.

CHILDREN, FOOD AND

NUTRITION Growing well in a changing world

The triple burden of malnutrition – UNDERNUTRITION,

HIDDEN HUNGER and OVERWEIGHT – threatens the

survival, growth and development of children, young

people, economies and nations.

Globally, at least 1 in 3 children under 5 is not

growing well due to malnutrition in its more visible

forms: stunting, wasting and overweight

• Globally, at least 1 in 2 children under 5 suffers from hidden hunger

due to deficiencies

In 2018, almost 200 million children under 5 suffered from stunting or

wasting while at least 340 million suffered from hidden hunger. in

vitamins and other essential nutrients

Overweight and obesity continue to rise. From 2000–2016,

the proportion of overweight children (5 to 19 years old)

rose from 1 in 10 to almost 1 in 5.

Stunting – a clear sign that children in a country are not

developing well – is both a symptom of past deprivation and

a predictor of future poverty

Wasting -- can be lethal for children, particularly in its most

severe forms. Contrary to common belief, most wasted

children around the world live in Asia .

Hidden hunger--harms children and women. Iron

deficiency reduces children’s ability to learn and iron

deficiency Anemia increases women’s risk of death during

or shortly after childbirth.

Child overweight -- can lead to early onset of type-2

diabetes, stigmatization and depression, and is a strong

predictor of adult obesity,

The greatest burden of all forms of malnutrition is

shouldered by children and young people from the poorest and most

marginalized communities, perpetuating poverty across generations

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

oUNDERNUTRITION: • stunting and wasting • Poor growth, infection and death

• Poor cognition, school-performance • Poor earning potential later in life

o HIDDEN HUNGER:• deficiencies in micronutrients

• Poor growth and development• Poor immunity and tissue development

• Poor health and risk of death

o OVERWEIGHT (including obesity) • Short-term: cardiovascular problems, infection

• Long-term: obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders

PREGNANT WOMEN

o UNDERNUTRITION: • stunting and underweight

• Prenatal complications• Prematurity and low birth weight

• Chronic diseases for child in later life

o HIDDEN HUNGER:• Deficiencies in micronutrients • Maternal mortality and morbidity

• Neural tube defects in newborns • Prematurity, low birth weight and impaired

cognitive development in newborns.

o OVERWEIGHT (including obesity)• Gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia• Obstetric complications

• Overweight and chronic disease for child in later life

GLOBAL TOTAL STUNTED 21.9%

(149 million)

In South Asia and sub Saharan Africa,

1 in 3 children under five is stunted

GLOBAL TOTAL WASTED 7.3%

(49.5 million)

In South Asia more than 1 in 7

children under 5 is wasted

GLOBAL TOTAL OVERWEIGHT

40.1 million (5.9%)

In Eastern Europe and Central

Asia, almost 1 in 7 children

under 5 is overweight

Malnutrition during pregnancy and early childhood

can adversely affect brain development.

† Generally, school-age children around the world

are consuming foods that carry too little required

nutrition and are very unhealthy in large amounts.

†Obesity in adolescence can have lifelong negative

effect on the brain, contributing to early onset of

cognitive dysfunction during ageing

WHAT TO EAT?▪ soft, semi-solid or solid foods at 6 months old, they need nutritious and safe diets with a

range of nutrients to grow well.

▪ Enough diversity in children's diets, they may not get enough nutrients to grow well, which

can take a devastating toll on children’s bodies and brains.

▪ UNICEF and WHO recommend that children at this age eat a minimum of five of eight food

groups

▪ . Grains 78 %

▪ Breast milk 76 %

▪ Other fruits 48 %

▪ Green vegetables 47 %

▪ Vitamin A rich 32 %

▪ fruits & vegetables 27 %

▪ Dairy 22 %

▪ Legumes Eggs 22 %

▪ 2 in 3 children aged 6–23 months are not eating foods from the minimum number of food

groups

▪ Flesh foods 59% of children worldwide are not being fed much-needed nutrients from

animal source foods. 44% of children worldwide are not fed any fruits or vegetables

Adolescents are especially vulnerable to under nutrition,

in part because their rapid physical growth and

development during puberty raises their nutritional needs

Adolescent dietary habits vary across income groups :

❑Adolescents from low income groups consume fruit &

vegetables less frequently

❑A good number of adolescents from high-income

groups drink carbonated soft drinks at least once a day,

❑ A large number of adolescents from upper middle-

income groups consume fast food at least once a week

Globalization has changed everything from

crop harvesting to supermarket food

displays. 77% of processed food sales

worldwide are controlled by just 100 large

firms.

† Without action, future generations will

likely face increased food insecurity and

malnutrition brought on by climate

change.

What is a healthy diet? Most national dietary guidelines advise eating a varied

diet of four to five food groups:

❑ † Fruits and vegetables (up to half of daily diets) †

❑ Whole grains and starchy foods † healthy,

❑ Lean proteins and

❑ Dairy foods

❑† Limited intake of sugar, fat and salt.

NUTRITION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

1. universal access to safe and nutritious food by

2030,

end hunger and ensure access by all people, in

particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations,

including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all

year round.

2 end all forms of malnutrition by 2030,

end all forms of malnutrition, the internationally

agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5

years of age, address the nutritional needs of adolescent

girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons.

Global Targets 2025

2012 World Health Assembly

Stunting

Anemia

Low birth

weight

Childhood

obesity

Breastfeeding

Wasting

A systems approach to nutritionmakes multiple systems accountable for nutrition

2.The health

systemThe food

system

4. The water

and

sanitation

system

5.The social

protection

system 3.The

education

system

Put children’s nutrition first

Despite progress in the past two decades, one third of children underage 5 are malnourished – stunted, wasted or overweight – while twothirds are at risk of malnutrition and hidden hunger because of the poorquality of their diets

1. Empower families, children and young people to demand

nutritious food

2. Drive food suppliers to do the right thing for children

3. Build healthy food environments for all children

4. Mobilize supportive systems to scale up nutrition results for all

children

5. Collect, analyze and use quality data and evidences.

SO

THANKS