chiang kai-shek and the whampoa military academy take two
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Chiang Kai-shek and the Whampoa Military Academy Take Two. Randolph Miller. Importance of Whampoa. Chiang said "Whampoa was personally created by Mr. Sun. It is his only legacy .”. Overview of Whampoa. Official name is Nationalist Party of China Army Officer Academy Opened on May 1, 1924 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chiang Kai-shek and the Whampoa Military AcademyTake Two
Randolph Miller
Chiang said "Whampoa was personally created by Mr. Sun. It is his only legacy.”
Importance of Whampoa
•Official name is Nationalist Party of China Army Officer Academy•Opened on May 1, 1924•produced many prestigious Chinese military commanders•Graduates fought in Northern Expedition, Second Sino-Japanese War, and Chinese Civil War•Closed in 1926 after 6 terms and 7000 students•Located on an island (Chanzhou or Whampoa?) near Canton
Overview of Whampoa
Canton is also called Guangzhou
http://www.diychinatours.com/china-guide/china-map-guide/guangzhou/guangzhous-location.htm
Location of Whampoa
http://www.navyandmarine.org/ondeck/BarrierFortsPictures/CantonHarbor.gif
•China was fragmented by warlords•Sun Yat-sen launched Northern Campaign to try and unite China under Three Principles of the People•Sun Yat-sen was worried his military was weaker than the militaries of the warlords•Western powers wouldn’t provide Sun with support•Money for construction and support was provided by the Soviets
Reasons For Whampoa
•Basic training for infantry•Artillery•Engineering•Communication•Logistical•Machine gun
Military Training at Whampoa
Mar 20th incident
•Also called Zhongshan Warship incident•Mar 20, 1926 Chiang Kai-shek was almost kidnapped•In May 1926 Chiang excluded communists from the Whampoa Military Academy because of this
Whampoa Soviet Officers
http://www.allcollection.net/russia-5087-year-1984-anniversary-of-the-birth-of-as-bubnov-state-official~x23166615
A.S. Bubnov
Soviet officers gave lectures at the academyTaught history of military thought
Not shown: •G.I. Gilev•S.N. Naumov
M.I. Dratvin
http://www.pseudology.org/colonels/DratvinMI.htm
Liao Zhongkai
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Liao_Zhongkai2.jpg
Representative of KMT to the academy
http://ookaboo.com/o/pictures/picture/11703178/Liao_Zhongkai1877__1925
Whampoa founding ceremony, 1924
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Whampoa3.jpg
Sun Yat-senChiang Kai-shek
Liao Zhongkai
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/5062007131230.jpg
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Henk-sneevliet.gif
Henk Sneevliet•A representative from Comintern (Communist International) •(Henk Sneevliet using the name Maring) met with Sun in Guangxi and proposed the military academy
http://www.histomil.com/viewtopic.php?f=94&t=188 http://www.iisg.nl/collections/sneevliet/
•A representative from Communist International (Henk Sneevliet using the name Maring) met with Sun in Guangxi and proposed the military academy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:China_Guangxi.svg
Guangxi
Zhou Enlai (political department instructor)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Zhou_Enlai_MeiyuanXincun17_Nanjing_1946.jpg
Zhou vigorously extended communist influence at the academyHad to leave Whampoa in May 1926 with the rest of the communists
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/1924_Zhou_Enlai_in_National_Revolutionary_Army_uniform2.jpg
ZhouEnlai
HenryKissinger Mao
Zedong
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kissinger_Mao.jpg
Hu Hanming(political department instructor)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Hu_Hanming3.jpghttp://guides.library.yale.edu/content.php?pid=47735&sid=357059
Chiang Kai-shek
Hu Hanming
Wang Jingwei(political department instructor)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Wang_Jingwei.png
AKA Wang Ching-wei
http://www.zyzyo.com/2011/04/traitors-who-committed-treachery/
He Yingqin (military instructor)•Was picked by Chiang because Chiang knew of He’s talent•Also “general instructor” of the academy•Led a regiment of students from the academy as colonel to fight against the warlord Chen Jiongming
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Ho_Ying-chin.jpghttp://www.qwiki.com/q/#!/He_Yingqin
Lin Biao (communist graduate)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lin_Biao1.jpg http://kaixin.com.au/jiang-gu-shi/2008/8/19/lin-biao.html
•Graduated from Whampoa in 1925•Also goes by Lin Yurong•In National Revolutionary Army participated in Northern Expedition• Went from Deputy Platoon Leader to Battalion Commander
•Became one of the Red Army’s best battlefield commanders•Commenting on Mao’s circlings during The Long March to evade Chiang “the campaign had begun to look like one of Walt Disney's early cartoons in which Mickey Mouse again and again escaped the clutches of the huge, stupid cat."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lin_Biao_Blue_Sky_White_Sun.jpg
Xu Xiangqian (communist graduate)Admitted to Whampoa in 1924Served in National Revolutionary Army
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Xu_xiangqian1.jpghttp://www.paulnoll.com/China/Long-March/Long-March-Xu-Xiangqian.html
Zuo Quan (communist graduate)
http://www.generals.dk/general/Zuo_Quan/_/China.html http://english.chinamil.com.cn/site2/special-reports/2005-08/11/content_270858.htm
Became communist commander
Chen Cheng (Nationalist graduate)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Chen_cheng.jpg http://www.ask.com/wiki/List_of_premiers_of_the_Republic_of_China
•Entered Whampoa in 1924•Participated in Northern Expedition with National Revolutionary Army
Du Yuming (Nationalist graduate)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Du_yuming.jpg
Du was a graduate of the first cadet class of Whampoa
Xue Yue (Nationalist graduate)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e8/Sitok.png
http://www.generals.dk/general/Xue_Yue/_/China.html http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?f=101&t=83297&p=751955
•Graduate from Whampoa•One of the most effective nationalist commanders in the Northern Expedition
Hu Zongnan (Nationalist graduate)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Hu_Zongnan.jpg
•In the first graduating class of Whampoa in 1924•Took part in Northern Expedition
Modern pictures of Whampoa
http://academic.mu.edu/meissnerd/whampoa.htm
http://wapedia.mobi/en/Whampoa_Academy http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Huangpu_Xueshengsushe.JPG