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A Paul Wiseman Ebook.

Chess: The Endgame

by Paul Wiseman

ISBN: 978-1-4653-0989-1

Modestly priced at2.99, this easy-to-read masterpiece

is a must for all club players. Speed up your endgame play

to beat the clock and your opponent!

Purchase from:

www.xlibrispublishing.co.uk

Select: Browse by Subject > Games > Chess


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Chess:The Endgame

Published for Paul Wisemanby

Xlibris

Copyright 2012 Paul Wiseman

1st Edition, License NotesThis ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment

only. Thisebook may not be re-sold or given away to other

people. If youwould like to share this book with another person,

then pleasepurchase an additional copy for each recipient. If

youre readingthis book and did not purchase it, or it was not

purchased foryour use only, then please purchase your own copy.

Thank youfor respecting the hard work of this author.


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Table of ContentsBack to Top

#Chess Notation

#Chapter 1: King and Pawn Endings

Promotion Square Races

1.1 The OppositionVertical Opposition

Horizontal Opposition

Diagonal Opposition

Oblique Opposition

Distant Opposition

1.2 #The Opposition in ActionThe Trbuchet (1)

The Trbuchet (2)

Pawn Promotion 3(a)

Pawn Promotion 3(b)

Pawn Promotion 3(c)

Multiple Pawns 4(a)

Multiple Pawns 4(b)

Multiple Pawns 4(c)Triangulation 5(a)

Triangulation 5(b)

Triangulation 5(c)

Summary: Opposition and Triangulation

1.3 #Pawn Ending Technique

Pawn Ending Technique (1 to 16)

The 50 Move Rule (and 3-fold repetition rule)


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BACK TO TITLE PAGES

Chapter 2: Rook and Pawn Endings

2.1#Winning MethodsThe Lucena Win (1497)

The Ersatz Lucena Win

2.2 #Defending against the LucenaShort side defence - advanced pawn

Short side defence - less advanced pawn

The king is cut off along 2 or more files

The king is cut off along a rank

The king is cut off along a file

The Rule of Seven (A)

The Rule of Seven (B)

2.3 #Defensive Methods

Philidor's Draw (1777)Short side defence

Short side defence examples (A)

Short side defence examples (B)

Short side defence examples (C)

Back-rank defence (A)

Back-rank defence (B)

Attacking Rook in front of pawn

Rook in front of pawn - Vanura positionAttacking King in front of pawn

The Frontal defence

2.4#Rooks and PawnsRook & Pawn v. Rook Problem

Rooks & Pawns Problem

Wing Play

Nothing Fancy!

2.5 Rook versus minor piece games#


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Chapter 3: Bishop and pawn Endings

Wrong ColourBMate with two BsThe Finesse

3.1 Same Colour Bishops and Pawn (1)Same ColourBs and P(2)Same ColourBs and P(3)Same ColourBs and P(4)Same ColourBs and P(5)

3.2#Opposite Colour BishopsOpposite ColourBs versus POpposite ColourBs v. two Ps

Isolated pawns (a)Isolated pawns (b)

Isolated pawns (c)

Wrong Rook Pawn (d)

Connected Pawns (e)

Connected Pawns (f)

Chapter 4: Knight and Pawn v Knight EndingsN and P versus N (1) (2) and (3)

Chapter 5: Bishop & Knight EndingsMate with B& NThe Good Nv. A Bad BN and P versus B(1) and (2)B and P versus N(1) and (2)


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# Chapter 6: Queen and pawn Endings

Queen versus a pawn on the 6th rank

Exceptions (1)

Exceptions (2)

6.1 Queen versus a pawn on the 7th rankCentral pawn orN pawn (1)Central pawn orN pawn (2)Rook pawn (1)

Rook pawn (2)

Bishop pawn (1)

Bishop pawn (2)

Bishop pawn (3)Stalemate Example (1)

Stalemate Example (2)

Stalemate Test

6.2 Queen + pawn v Queen Ending (1)Queen + pawn v. Queen Ending (2)

Bibliography

About_the_Author

About Chess The Endgame


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#Chess Notation

When setting the board a white square is always

bottom right (and top left). The BlackR(Rook orCastle), in the diagram, is standing on a7, the

White N on c3 and the White B is on f5.

!""""""""# + + + +%T + + + % + + + +%+ + +b+ % + + + +%+ N + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)

Files = a to h

Ranks = 1 to 8

Squares = Rank & File coordinates

(e.g. a1 = bottom-left square)


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Chess Notation

Each square on a chess board has a name indicated

by its coordinate combinations of letters andnumbers. Every piece has a symbol. K=King;

Q=Queen; R=Rook; B=Bishop; N=Knight.There is no symbol for a pawn. To show a piece move,the symbol and the square its moving to is indicated.

For example, Rh7 means a R moves to the h7square; Ne4 means the N moves to e4. To show apawn move, you just name the square the pawn is

going to; e.g. d5 means the pawn goes to that

square. En passant is shown by "e.p." Captures areshown with an x. Thus Qxg5 means a Q captureson g5 especially if it is a pawn. (This ebook'snotation indicates the name of the piece being taken

so it is easier to visualize; e.g. QxB=Queen takesBishop).Kside castling is shown by 0-0 and Qsidecastling is shown by 0-0-0. The symbol + means

check and ++ means double check(i.e. two piecesthreaten a king). Discovered check is indicated by

the abbreviation dis.ch.

! = good move. ? = poor move.


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Back to

Chapter 1: King and Pawn Endings

Promotion Square Races

Count the moves for the pawn to promote, then

make an imaginary square from that number. Place

opposing Ks on the long sides outside the square.See diagram.

!""""""""# L + + +%

+l+ + + % L + + +%+l+ +p+ % LlLlL +%

+ + + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)Clearly, the White pawn will promote if it moves

first. If a Kenters the square first, however, it willstop (or take) the pawn. With both sides having a

pawn, the game need not be so straight forward.


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Top

Back to

The Opposition (1)

1. Vertical Opposition

With one square between the Ks, whoever has themove must give way. The other side thus has the

opposition. However, because of the pawn, Whitemaintains the opposition and eventually promotes.

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + %

+ + L +%+ + + + % + + K +%+ + + + % + + P +%

+ + + + %/)

e.g. 1.f3 Ke6 2.Kg5 Kf7 3.Kf5 (retainingopposition)Kg7 4.Ke6 Kf8 5.f4 Ke8 6.f5

Kf8 7.Kf6 Ke8 8.Kg7 and wins.


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Top

The Opposition (2)

1. Horizontal Opposition

2. Diagonal Opposition

!""""""""#

+ + + +%+ + + +l%k+l+ + +%+ + +kP %

P + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)Left: White wins easily: 1.b5+ Kc7 2.Ka7Kc8 3. 6and the pawn promotes.

Right: 1.Kf6 Kh8 2.Kf7 easing the pawns wayto g8. (If1. Kg8 then 2.Kg6thus seizing theopposition and next3.Kf7 orK 7 depending onBlack s next move).


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The Opposition (3)

Oblique Opposition

Black to move draws by: .K 7 (five squaresaway, taking oblique opposition) 2.Kd2 Kd63.Kd3 Kd5 and thus Black denies White theopposition.

!""""""""# + +l+ +%+ + + + %

+ + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + % + +p+ +%

+ + K + %/)

White to move plays: 1.Kd2 (5 squares away -taking oblique opposition) 1..Kd8 2.Kd3 Kd73.Ke4 Ke6 4.e3 reaching the vertical oppositionposition and wins.


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The Opposition (4)

Distant Opposition

White, to move, is up one pawn but Black

uses distant opposition to save the game?

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%

+ +l+o+ % + + P +%+ +kP + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)

E.g. 1.Kc2 Kc6 2.Kd2 Kd6 taking thedistant opposition (with three [i.e. odd

no.] squares between Ks) and White isnot able to progress and promote a pawn.


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The Opposition in Action (1)

The Trbuchet (1)

Not technically classed as an example of opposition

but included here because, like opposition generally,

whoever has the move must lose out.

(A pawn and the game in this case).Either side to move first.

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + %

+ + + +%+ Ko+ + % + Pl+ +%+ + + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)

In this particular position (the trbuchet),both players are also in zugzwang.

(Zugzwang = whoever has the move will

weaken their position). See the next page.


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The Trbuchet (2)

!""""""""# +l+ + +%

+ + + + % +o+ + +%+ + + + % +p+ K +%

+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)White wins by: 1.c5 Kb7 2.Ke5 Ka63.Ke6 Ka5

4.Kd7 Kb5 5.Kd6 - activating the trbuchet. 1-0.White may also win with: 1.c5 Kd8 2.Kf5 Ke73.Ke5(seizing the Vertical Opposition) Kd7 4.Kf6Kd1 5.Ke6 Kc7 6.Ke7 Kc8 7.Kd6 Kb7 8.Kd7 Kb8 9.Kxc6 1-0.

Note the relevance of the Oppositionin these manoeuvres!


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Pawn Promotion (a)

Left: The ideal position. White will win

whoever has the move. i.e.1..Ka8 2.Kc7or1.Ka6 orKc6 and the pawn promotes.

!""""""""# L + + L%

+ + + + % K + + K%

+p+ + +p% + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)

Right: Black can stop a pawn on the aorh files, if he controls the promotionsquare, whoever has the move.


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Pawn Promotion (b)

Is Black(to move) lost?

!""""""""#

+ + + +%+ + L + % + +p+ +%+ +k+ + % + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)Black must go straight back to save the game.The pawn cannot now progress to the 8thrank.

e.g. 1..Ke8 2.Kd6 Kd8 3.e7+ Ke8!

The Rule is that, with the pawn on the 6th rank

and the opposing Kon the 7th rankin front ofthe pawn, the game is drawn whoever has the

move.


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Pawn Promotion (c)

Here, the vital f7 square is denied to the BlackKand White wins by taking the Opposition.

!""""""""# + + + +%+ +l+ + % + + P +%

+ + + + % +k+ + +%+ + + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)

For example:

1.Kd5 Kd8 2.Kd6 Ke83.Ke6 Kf8 4.f7

1-0.


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Multiple Pawns (a)

With (1) White or (2) Black to move

first, what will be the result?

!""""""""# + + + +%

+o+ +l+ % P + + O%

+ + +k+p% + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)(1) Black draws as he is able to keep the

opposition (i.e. White to move first).

(2) If Black moves first, he loses as White

can snap up a pawn and promote.


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Multiple Pawns (b)

Black draws by keeping the Opposition

(diagonal or direct). White to move wins.

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + L + %pO + + +%+p+ +k+ % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)

1.Ke3 Kd5 2.Kd3 Kc53.Ke4 Kc64.Kd4 1-0.


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Multiple Pawns (c)

1.Kf4 K 72.Kf5 (a) K 7 3.Kg Ke4.c4 Ke 5.K(b) K 6.K (c) 1-0.

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + %o+o+ Ol+%P P + + %

+ + +p+%+ P + K % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)Blackburne v. Teichmann, Berlin 1897

(a) taking opposition (b) again taking opposition(c) Black resigned as all is lost.

(If1.Kf4 Kg7 then 2.Kf5 Kf7 3.c4taking theopposition Ke7 4.Kg6 Ke& Black takes backopposition! 5.Kh6Kd7 (best?) 6.Kh7and Blackmust give way!)

Proof that pawn endings need careful handling!


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Triangulation (a)

Triangulation is a technique forlosing a move so

that thesame position is reached but with the other

player now on the move. Essentially, the manoeuvre

is used to gain the Opposition with a view topromoting a pawn.

!""""""""# + + L +%

+ + + + %

+ + P O%+ + K +o% + + + P%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

/)

White wins by triangulating: e.g. 1.Kf4 K 82.K Kf8 3.Ke5 (forcing vertical or diagonal

Opposition)and now Black has only losing moves.


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Triangulation (b)

The White Kis behind his c pawn.(In front of a pawn is the ideal position).

How can White promote the pawn?

!""""""""# +l+ + +%+ + + + %o+p+ + +%P +k+ + % + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%

+ + + + %/)By triangulation. i.e. 1.Kc4 Kb8 2.Kd4Kc83.Kd5 and the c pawn cannot now be stopped.


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Triangulation (c)

The Kis behind the d pawn - not ideal!What can White do?

!""""""""# + + + +%+ + + + % + + + +%+ + + + %

+oPl+ +%+ P + + % + K + +%+ + + + %

/)White wins whoever has the move. E.g.1..Kf42.Kc2 going round via the a file ortriangulatingby 1.Kd1 Kd52.Ke2Ke4 3.Kd2and Blackmust give way.

(Blacks Kdares not enter the 3rd

rank as thed

pawn promotes).


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Summary

Opposition and Triangulation

All is not lost if you are a pawn down in the

ending as there are several saving techniques

you can try such as ensuring that the opposing

pawn is on the a orh file, and your Kcontrolsthe promotion square, as shown earlier.

However, sound knowledge of the above

techniques are essential for anyone who wishesto become a formidable player. Even so, be

assured that even very good players often find

the winning moves hard to see. Indeed,

endgame technique may well be the most

difficult of arts in chess.

The following section involves pawns v. pawns

endings. Knowledge of Opposition and

Triangulation, and other endgame skills, will

enable you to understand and see the

possibilities in similar positions over-the-

board.


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Read More and Buy This

Paul Wiseman Ebook. Chess: The Endgame

by Paul Wiseman

ISBN: 978-1-4653-0989-1

Modestly priced at2.99, this easy-to-read masterpiece

is a must for all club players. Speed up your endgame play

to beat the clock and your opponent!

Purchase from:

www.xlibrispublishing.co.uk

Select: Browse by Subject > Games > Chess

A


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About the Author

Paul Wiseman was born and raised in Walsall, Staffordshire.

After working in the printing industry he entered Edinburgh

University as a mature student, gaining an MA honours degree

in Social Anthropology. After graduating, he moved to Dulwich

and worked in Education and for the Home Office. A keen

chess player since boyhood, he played for the Metropolitan

Chess Club of London and was a member of a team that won a

national title in 1985. Although now retired, he still plays chessfor his local club in Brixham, Devon.


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TRUE OR FALSE?

NEWSFLASH!

ELEPHANT EATS AUTHOR

The great chess author and libertine, Paul Wiseman, has,

reportedly, been eaten by Jumbo the Performing Elephant

during his visit to Inner Mongolia. Local witnesses were

shocked as Jumbo had never eaten a whole human before.

Happily, to date, Jumbo has had no adverse after effects tothe feast.

As many chess players are aware, Paul is famous for

inventing the Alzheimer (What was my last move?) Attack

and the Kamikaze Attack. Sadly, many of his most brilliant

losses are unavailable as he never remembered where he

put the score sheets!

Equally, with soccer, Paul was famous for his idiosyncratic

football refereeing. He would give yellow cards for spittingon the pitch and a red card for clearing ones nostrils without

benefit of a tissue.

Admirers of Paul's works are now entreated to purchase

his ebooks so that his relatives can afford to bring his remains

back to Devon for proper internment.

Also by Paul Wiseman

Chess Essentialswww.xlibrispublishing.co.uk

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