Subject: Air pollution control EST 5th

sem

CHERNOBYL DISASTER &

RADIOACTIVE WASTE PRESENTED BY :GAVA DHEERAJ, SANKET RAI, ANAND PANDEY, SAGAR DIVETIYA.

Radioactive waste

Radioactive material are that which release radiation every time according to its half time.

The disposal and management of such type of waste and material is challenging job.

here we discuss about radioactive waste and It’s management.

Radioactive waste

There are three types of

nuclear waste.

Low level waste

Intermediate or

transuranic waste

High level waste.

Low level radioactive waste

It generates low intensity radio wave.

They are the waste product of industrial and hospital

and research labs.

It contains paper, radioactive catalyst, short life

radioactivity material.

It divided into 4 type A,B,C,greater C.

The best option to dispose such type of waste is buried

in shallow level land,compess and incinerated before

dispose.

Intermediate and transuranic

waste

Such type of waste having higher radioactivity than llw.

It includes chemical process sludge and reactor fuel cladding and reactor product.

It first solidified in concrete and bitumen before dispose.

Short life waste dispose in shallow respositories,while long lived waste deposited in geological repository.

Medical machine radioactive

waste

Some medical treatment machine contain

radioactive material which should be handled

carefully for disposal after life time passed of

machine .

The famous medical radioactive wastes are

mention below.

Co-60, I-131,cesium -137.the case of leakage

of waste during disposal is ‘Mayapuri case of

Delhi’.

Transuranic waste

The term transuranic means

molecule which mol.W is

higher than uranium.

Such type of waste are

mentioned as intermediate

waste.

It include Alfa emitting

nucleotides which half life is

higher then 20 years. Ionizing radiation

warning symbol.

High level waste

It is nuclear reactor products.it also contain fission and transuranic product generated in reactor core.

It is product of nuclear weapon and it’s decommission.

It highly radioactive and often hot.

It disposed in geological respiratory like WIPP in Mexico ,USA and kalkapam in tamilnadu where waste is disposed in rock salt layer bed in bottom ground level.

s

The U.S. currently disposes

of military facilities at

the Waste Isolation Pilot

Plant(WIPP) in a deep salt

formation in New Mexico.

Nuclear waste

This way the radioactive waste disposed in

safe manner but this is not a permanent

solution .

The Chernobyl disaster is example of

radioactive waste emission in accident.

The research is continue in world for nuclear

power generation future

Chernobyl disaster

Chernobyl disaster had happen at 26 April

1986 in Ukraine in USSR at 1: 23 am .

It was world’s dangerous nuclear plant

accident. It ranked 7 grade on international

nuclear event scale.

The disaster began during a systems test

on Saturday, 26 April 1986 at reactor

number four of the Chernobyl plant, which

is near the city of Pripyat and in proximity

to the administrative border

with Belarus and the Dnieper river.

Introduction

Chernobyl was the one of the nuclear power plant in soviet

union that time .this plant located at Ukraine near the city of

pripyat.

There was a experiment performing on reactor number 4 of

plant of cooling system. but during the experiment sudden

power increase during test and meltdown the reactor core.

These events exposed the graphite moderator of the reactor to

air, causing it to ignite. The resulting fire sent a plume of highly

radioactive fallout into the atmosphere and over an extensive

geographical area, including Pripyat. The plume drifted over

large parts of the western Soviet Union and Europe.

Effects of accident

People were evacuated the day after the explosion.

A month later 116,000 people in an 18 mile radius of the plant were evacuated.

Over 300,000 people were moved from the accident.

Many still live in contaminated areas and the long term effect is not yet known.

The Soviet Union has not been able to study effects due to lack of funds and secrecy.

Effect on environment

Over 300,000 people were moved because of the accident around the 30km of plant.

An increase of thyroid cancer has been diagnosed among children in areas of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia.

Some believe the stress of the accident has been worse on people than the radiation

Effect on environment (Red

forest)

Red forest is restricted area around 7km of Chernobyl power plant where area of pine forest died cause of high radiation level. The died forest tree colour turns red therefore called red forest.

Effect on people

5.5 million people still live in contaminated areas

31 people died in 3 months of radiation poisoning

134 emergency workers suffered from acute radiation sickness

25,000 rescue workers died since then of diseases caused by radiation

Cancer afflicts many others Increased birth defects,

miscarriages, and stillbirths

What had done after this

accident

After this accident the plant is covered by concrete made shell

structure to stop the emission of radiation in atmosphere.

This dome shaped structure still in construction for completion.

What had done after this

accident

This accident destroyed the a huge area where

water,air,land contaminated with radioactive element.

This accident make pipyat city to a ghost city where no

one living now.

This accident also effects now as foam of different

disorder on human and environment .

By the year 2000 there were 1800 case of thyroid

cancer in children and adolescent

High number of suicide and violent death among

Firemen, policemen, and other recovery workers

Thank you