chemistry*1a* midtermexam3* april,2013* professor*pines ...calche/wp-content/... ·...

6
Chemistry 1A Professor Pines Midterm Exam 3 PRACTICE April, 2013 # Pages, # Questions Student Name: ______________________________ Student ID# __________________________ Potentially Useful Information Ideal Gas: = ! = 6.0221 × 10 !" particles/mol Absolute T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15 !"# ! = 40 kJ mol !! !!! = 4.18 / ! = 8.314 J K mol = 0.082 L atm K mol !"# = ! = !! ! ! ! = !!" ! = !!± ! ! !!!" !! Particle in a 1D box: ! = ! ! ! ! !!! ! ; = 1, 2, 3, = + = + ° = ° ° = !"# = ! ln = !" ! !" ! = 1.381 × 10 !!" J K ° = ! ! ° = ! ! ° = ! ! = !"# For reactions of the form A + B C + D, = ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! . At equilibrium, = ° = ln = ° + ln ln = ° 1 + ° = = !"# = !"# Average Bond Enthalpies (kJ/mol) H H 436 C C 348 C O 360 C = 0 192 C = C 612 O H 463 O O 146 C C 838 H Cl 431 O = O 497 C H 413 C Cl 327 = !!!"!# = = 2.9989 × 10 ! !! = 6.62608× 10 !!" = ! = ! 2 = ! 2 Only scientific calculators may be used on this exam; graphing calculators (or any calculator with a “Solve” function the capability to store ASCII/text data, etc.) are strictly prohibited. The use of unauthorized materials is considered cheating, and will result in a grade of zero on the exam. At instructor discretion, students found cheating may also be reported to the UC Berkeley Center for Student Conduct. Violet Blue Green Yellow Orange Red 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm)

Upload: others

Post on 14-Jul-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Chemistry  1A  Professor  Pines  

Midterm  Exam  3  PRACTICE  

April,  2013  #  Pages,  #  Questions  

   Student  Name:  ______________________________        Student  ID#  __________________________      

Potentially  Useful  Information  

Ideal  Gas:  𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇   𝑁! = 6.0221  ×  10!"  particles/mol   Absolute  T(K)  =  T(°C)  +  273.15  

𝛥𝐻!"#  𝐻!𝑂 =  40  kJ  mol!!                        𝐶!!! = 4.18  𝐽/𝑔!𝐶   𝑅 = 8.314J

K  mol = 0.082L  atmK  mol  

𝑣!"# = 𝑣! = !!!!!

= !!"!                              𝑥 = !!± !!!!!"

!!  

Particle  in  a  1D  box:  

𝐸! =!!!!

!!!!;  𝑛 = 1, 2, 3,…  

∆𝑈 = 𝑞 + 𝑤   ∆𝐻 = ∆𝑈 + 𝑃∆𝑉   ∆𝐺° = ∆𝐻°− 𝑇∆𝑆°  

𝑤 = −𝑃!"#∆𝑉   𝑆 = 𝑘! ln𝑊                                          𝛥𝑆 = !"!!"

  𝑘! = 1.381  ×  10!!"JK    

∆𝐻° = ∆𝐻!∘ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 − ∆𝐻!∘ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠   ∆𝐺° = ∆𝐺!∘ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 − ∆𝐺!∘ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠  

∆𝑆° = ∆𝑆!∘ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 − ∆𝑆!∘ 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠   ∆𝑆 =𝑞!"#𝑇  

For  reactions  of  the  form  𝑎A+ 𝑏B → 𝑐C+ 𝑑D,  𝑄 = ! ! ! !

! ! ! !.  At  equilibrium,  𝑄 = 𝐾  

∆𝐺° = −𝑅𝑇 ln𝐾   ∆𝐺 = ∆𝐺°+ 𝑅𝑇 ln𝑄   ln𝐾 = −∆𝐻°𝑅

1𝑇 +

∆𝑆°𝑅  

𝑞 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇   𝑞 = 𝑚𝐿   𝑞!"# = −∆𝐻!"#    

Average  Bond  Enthalpies  (kJ/mol)  H− H   436   C− C   348   C− O   360  C = 0   192   C = C   612   O− H   463  O− O   146   C ≡ C   838   H− Cl   431  O = O   497   C− H   413   C− Cl   327  

 

 𝜆𝜈 = 𝑐   𝐸!!!"!# = ℎ𝜈   𝑐 = 2.9989  ×  10!  𝑚  𝑠!!   ℎ = 6.62608×  10!!"  𝐽  𝑠   𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣   𝐸! =

𝑚𝑣!

2 =𝑝!

2𝑚    Only  scientific  calculators  may  be  used  on  this  exam;  graphing  calculators  (or  any  calculator  with  a  “Solve”  function  the  capability  to  store  ASCII/text  data,  etc.)  are  strictly  prohibited.  The  use  of  unauthorized  materials  is  considered  cheating,  and  will  result  in  a  grade  of  zero  on  the  exam.  At  instructor  discretion,  students  found  cheating  may  also  be  reported  to  the  UC  Berkeley  Center  for  Student  Conduct.  

Chemistry 1A Midterm Exam 1 February 12, 2013 Professor Pines 5 pages total Student Name: _____________________________________ Student ID#: ________________________

Potentially Useful Information

Violet Blue Green Yellow Orange Red

400 500 600 700

Wavelength (nm)

Light: c=λν , νhEphoton = , c = 2.99792 x 108 m s-1 NA = 6.02214 x 1023 mol-1

Photoelectric Effect: 0)( ννν hhheEkin −=Φ−=− h = 6.62608 x 10-34 J s

Matter: mvp = , Ekin =mv2

2=p2

2m R = 3.28984 x 1015 Hz

Wave/Matter: ph

deBroglie =λ R∞ = hR = 2.17987 x 10-18 J

Particle 1D box: 2

22

8mLnhEn = ; n = 1, 2, 3... R∞/mole = 1312 kJ/mol

H atom, 1-electron ion: ∞""#

$%%&

'−= RnZEn 2

2

; n = 1,2,3… me = 9.10938 x 10-31 kg

Orbital Nodes: Total = n – 1, Angular = l, Radial = n – 1 – l . H Na K Rb Cl Br I . Ionization Energy [IE] (kJ/Mole) 1312 496 419 403 1251 1140 1008 . Electron Affinity [EA] (kJ/Mole) 73 53 48 47 349 325 295 .

You may verify that the IE of atomic H corresponds to UV light with a photon wavelength of 91 nm.

Page 2: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Student  Name  ________________________________________          

  2  

1.  Which  of  the  following  equilibria  will  shift  to  the  left  in  response  to  a  decrease  in  volume?  A)  H2(g)  +  Cl2(g)  ↔  2  HCl(g)  B)  2  SO3(g)  ↔  2  SO2(g)  +  O2(g)  C)  N2(g)  +  3  H2(g)  ↔  2  NH3(g)  D)  4  Fe(s)  +  3  O2(g)  ↔  2  Fe2O3(s)    E)  2HI(g)  ↔  H2(g)  +  I2(g)        2.  Which  intermolecular  forces  predominate  in  the  condensation  of  mercury?  A)  H-­‐bonding  B)  Dipole-­‐Dipole  C)  Dispersion  D)  Ion-­‐Ion  E)  Ion-­‐Dipole        3.  What  is  the  change  in  the  internal  energy  (in  J)  of  a  system  that  releases  1000  J  of  heat  and  does  225  J  of  work  on  the  surroundings?  A)  -­‐10,155  B)  -­‐1225  C)  -­‐775    D)  775    E)  1225        4.  For  an  exothermic  reaction,  K  will  increase  when:  A)  reactants  are  added.    B)  products  are  added.    C)  the  volume  decreases.    D)  the  entropy  of  the  universe  increases.    E)  the  temperature  decreases.        5.  A  4.98  g  sample  of  aniline  (C6H5NH2,  molar  mass  =  93.13  g/mol)  was  combusted  in  a  bomb  calorimeter  with  a  heat  capacity  of  4.25  kJ/°C.  If  the  temperature  rose  from  29.5°C  to  69.8°C,  determine  the  value  of  ΔH°comb  for  aniline.  A)  +7.81  ×  103  kJ/mol  B)  -­‐3.20  ×  103  kJ/mol  C)  +1.71  ×  103  kJ/mol    D)  -­‐1.71  ×  103  kJ/mol    E)  -­‐7.81  ×  103  kJ/mol        

Page 3: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Student  Name  ________________________________________          

  3  

6.  According  to  the  following  thermochemical  equation,  what  mass  of  H2O  (in  g)  must  form  in  order  to  produce  975  kJ  of  energy?  SiO2(s)  +  4  HF(g)  →  SiF4(g)  +  2  H2O(l)   ΔH°rxn  =  -­‐184  kJ  A)  68.0  g    B)  102  g  C)  54.1  g    D)  191  g    E)  95.5  g        7.  Use  the  ΔH°f  information  provided  to  calculate  ΔH°rxn  for  the  following:  

SO2Cl2  (g)  +  2  H2O(l)  →  2  HCl(g)  +  H2SO4(l)  ΔH°rxn  =  ?    ΔH°f  (kJ/mol)    SO2Cl2(g)     -­‐364  H2O(l)     -­‐286    HCl(g)       -­‐92    H2SO4(l)     -­‐814    A)  -­‐256  kJ    B)  +161  kJ    C)  -­‐62  kJ    D)  +800.  kJ    E)  -­‐422  kJ        8.  Above  what  temperature  does  the  following  reaction  become  nonspontaneous?  

FeO(s)  +  CO(g)  →  CO2(g)  +  Fe(s)     ΔH  =  -­‐11.0  kJ;  ΔS  =  -­‐17.4  J/K  A)  632  K  B)  298  K    C)  191  K    D)  This  reaction  is  nonspontaneous  at  all  temperatures.    E)  This  reaction  is  spontaneous  at  all  temperatures.        9.  Calculate  the  ΔG°rxn  using  the  following  information.  

           2  HNO3(aq)  +     NO(g)  →     3  NO2(g)  +     H2O(l)  ΔH°f  (kJ/mol)                    -­‐207.0       91.3       33.2       -­‐285.8  S°(J/mol·K)                          146.0       210.8       240.1       70.0    A)  -­‐151  kJ    B)  -­‐85.5  kJ    C)  +50.8  kJ    D)  +222  kJ    E)  -­‐186  kJ  

Page 4: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Student  Name  ________________________________________          

  4  

10.  Choose  the  statement  below  that  is  TRUE.    A)  K  >  1,  ΔG°rxn  is  positive.  B)  K  <  1,  ΔG°rxn  is  negative.    C)  ΔG°rxn  =  0  at  equilibrium.    D)  All  of  the  above  statements  are  true.    E)  None  of  the  above  statements  are  true.        11.  Determine  the  equilibrium  constant  for  the  following  reaction  at  655  K.  

HCN(g)  +  2  H2(g)  →  CH3NH2(g)     ΔH°  =  -­‐158  kJ;     ΔS°=  -­‐219.9  J/K  A)  3.99  ×  1012  B)  13.0  C)  2.51  ×  10-­‐13    D)  3.26  ×  10-­‐12    E)  3.07  ×  1011          12.  Consider  the  following  reaction  at  175  K:    2NO(g)  +  O2(g)  ↔  2NO2(g)  If  the  initial  pressure  of  NO  is  522  Torr,  the  initial  pressure  of  oxygen  is  421  Torr,  and  the  total  pressure  at  equilibrium  is  748  Torr,  what  is  Kp?  A)  1.26  atm-­‐1    B)  0.793  atm-­‐1    C)  3.40  x  10-­‐3  atm-­‐1    D)  29.3  atm-­‐1    E)  3.83  x  104  atm-­‐1          13.  Consider  the  following  reaction:  

CO2(g)  +  C(graphite)  ↔  2  CO(g)  A  reaction  mixture  initially  contains  0.56  atm  CO2  and  0.32  atm  CO.  Determine  the  equilibrium  pressure  of  CO  if  Kp  for  the  reaction  at  this  temperature  is  2.25  atm.  A)  0.83  atm  B)  0.31  atm    C)  0.26  atm    D)  0.58  atm    E)  0.42  atm            

Page 5: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Student  Name  ________________________________________          

  5  

14.   The   gaseous   reaction  N! 𝑔 + 3H! 𝑔 ↔ 2NH! 𝑔  at   equilibrium,   when   the   number   of   moles   is  suddenly  doubled  (i.e.,  the  total  pressure  is  doubled).  Which  is  true  of  the  reaction  quotient  Q  relative  to  the  equilibrium  constant  K  at  the  instant  that  the  volume  changes?  

A)  𝑄 = !!𝐾  

B)  𝑄 = !!𝐾  

C)  𝑄 = 𝐾  D)  𝑄 = 2𝐾  E)  𝑄 = 4𝐾        15.  Which  of  the  following  plots  depicts  the  titration  of  1M  NaOH  (strong  base)  with  1M  HCl  (strong  acid)?  

       16.  The  hydrogenation  reactions  of  acetylene  to  ethylene,  C!H! + H! → C!H!,  and  ethylene  to  ethane,  C!H! + H! → C!H!,  are  both  exothermic.  The  heat  of  which  reaction  is  greatest?  A)  Combustion  of  C2H2  B)  Combustion  of  C2H4  C)  Combustion  of  C2H6  D)  Hydrogenation  of  C2H2  E)  Hydrogenation  of  C2H4          17.  Which  process  is  accompanied  by  the  smallest  (non-­‐zero)  increase  in  entropy?  

 A)  1  →  2  B)  1  →  3    C)  2  →  6    D)  3  →  4    E)  5  →  6        

Page 6: Chemistry*1A* MidtermExam3* April,2013* Professor*Pines ...calche/wp-content/... · Student!Name!_____! ! !!! 4! 10.Choose!the!statement!below!that!is!TRUE.!! A)!K!>!1,!ΔG°rxn!is!positive.!

Student  Name  ________________________________________          

  6  

18.  At  25°C  N2O4  breaks  into  two  NO2  molecules  according  to  the  reaction      

N!O! 𝑔 ↔ 2NO! 𝑔  Which  of  the  following  could  be  a  plot  of  ΔG0  vs.  T  for  this  reaction?  

       19.  What  is  the  pH  of  a  0.05  M  solution  of  HCl?  A)  0.05  B)  1.0  C)  1.3  D)  3.0  E)  7.0          20.  Upon  dissolution  in  water,  a  molecule  A2B4  dissociates  into  molecules  of  A  and  B  according  to  

A!B!(𝑎𝑞) ↔ 2AB!(𝑎𝑞)  

with  Keq  =  2.  What  is  the  equilibrium  concentration  of  molecule  AB2  after  one  mole  of  A2B4  is  added  to  1.0  L  of  water?  A)  -­‐1.0M  B)  0.1  M  C)  0.5  M  D)  1.0  M  E)  2.0  M