chemica kinetic 2016
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Feasibility mean rxn hoga ya nahi
hoga. wo T,P,V,H,G per depend karta
hai.
![Page 3: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Here we understand
speed of the reaction in everyday
life.
![Page 5: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Fast reaction:-This rxn we already done in qualitative analysis practical. For detect of halogen. When we mix AgNO3 quickly white ppt form.
![Page 6: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
It take million of year for rusting metal.
Slow re
action
![Page 7: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
In this chapter we study in moderate rate of reaction.
![Page 8: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Concentration = n/V
![Page 17: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
That part is very small so at that when find very small range. We use the method
limit.
![Page 28: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Suppose we take glass of
water
But we have two type of
sugar with us.
![Page 36: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Catalyst
![Page 40: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
The law of mass action is a purely
theoretical concept.
![Page 44: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Unit of rate constant of
1st order reaction are S-1.
![Page 53: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Remember this order is based
on experimental only.
![Page 54: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Order base on experimental not based on
reactant concentration.
![Page 55: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Molecularity of Reaction
Molecularity based on
theoretical only.
![Page 57: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Such type of reaction take
place through a sequence of two
or more consecutive
steps.
![Page 62: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Slowest step shows the
overall rate of reaction is called RDS.
![Page 64: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Intermediate reaction is formed
in 1 step and consumed in 2nd
step.
![Page 65: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Some additional species other then reactant or product is produced in the mechanism called intermediate.
![Page 66: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Integrate rate laws
The equation which are obtained by integrating the differential rate laws and which give a direct
relationship between the concentrations of the reactants and times.
Shows the relationship between time and
reactant concentration
![Page 68: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
A Product
R = -d[A]/dt = k[A]t + 0 Y = m x + c
[A]t = [A]0 e-kt
Y= [A]t X= t
![Page 75: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
![Page 76: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
![Page 79: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
![Page 84: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
![Page 86: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Zero order reaction defined as Reaction whose rate is independent of the reactant concentration and
remains constant throughout the course of the reaction.
![Page 87: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
![Page 88: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
![Page 89: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
![Page 91: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
![Page 93: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
x is the amount
consumed in time t.
![Page 94: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
![Page 95: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
![Page 96: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Rate = -d[A]/dt = k
[A]t
![Page 97: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
![Page 98: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
![Page 99: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
![Page 100: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
![Page 101: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Example of zero order reactions• Decompostion- on Pt surface2NH3(g)
2N2O(g)
PH3 on hot tungston at high pressure unreacted fully.
Pt surrounded by NH3 but only NH3 react with surface of Pt. In this reaction we cant
say rate is depend upon reactant concentration.
![Page 102: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Such reaction that have higher order true rate law but are found to behave as first order are called….
![Page 103: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Order is an experimentally
determined value.
Every reaction can have only one
particular order.
![Page 104: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
It happened in those reaction
which contain one solvent.
![Page 105: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
For finding reaction order we take one
concentration large excess.
![Page 106: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Order is high but behaves as 1st order
![Page 107: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
![Page 108: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Apparent order also called fake
order.
![Page 109: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
![Page 110: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
![Page 111: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
![Page 112: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
![Page 113: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
![Page 114: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
![Page 115: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
This method applicable-
a) Only one reactantA B
b) The order should be integer.
![Page 116: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
![Page 117: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
This method applicable-
a) Multiple reactantA + B + C Productb) The order should
be integer.
![Page 118: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
![Page 119: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
![Page 120: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
![Page 121: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
![Page 122: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Svante Arrhenius
Svante August Arrhenius
19 February 1859Wik Castle, Sweden
![Page 123: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
![Page 124: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
![Page 125: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
![Page 126: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
The reaction rate almost double for every 10
degree rice in temperature.
![Page 127: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
![Page 128: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
![Page 129: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
![Page 130: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
![Page 131: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
![Page 132: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
![Page 133: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
![Page 134: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
![Page 135: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
In this reaction we are using catalyst
Iodine.
2H2O 2H2O + O2
![Page 136: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
In this reaction we are using catalyst Iodine.
2H2O 2H2O + O2
![Page 137: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2 (Mno2)2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2 (I2)
![Page 138: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
![Page 139: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Catalyst lower the energy barrier.
![Page 140: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Svante August Arrhenius
19 February 1859Wik Castle, Sweden
![Page 141: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
![Page 142: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
T2 > T1
K2 > K1
![Page 143: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Collision Theory And Activation Energy
![Page 144: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
![Page 145: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
![Page 146: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
![Page 147: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Effective CollisionRequire Necessary Ea Energy.
GAS PHASE RXN COLLISION IS VERY HIGH STUDY BY
KINETIC MOL THEORY OF GAS
if collision is successful then product formation time is 10-9.
![Page 148: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
K.E ≥ Ea
THE MINIMUM K.E REQUIRE FOR A MOLECULEAR COLLISION TO LEAD TO REACTION.
![Page 149: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
![Page 150: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
![Page 151: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
3.Orientation of reactant molecule
![Page 152: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
If orientation is not correct they repelled each other.
![Page 153: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Affective collision
when element are arranged in
proper orientation.
![Page 154: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Energy of collision comes
from K.E. of colliding
particles.
![Page 155: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
The minimum energy that molecules need to have in order for a reaction to take place is called the threshold energy.The activation energy is what you need to supply to the
molecules that don't have enough kinetic energy to reach the threshold energy.
![Page 156: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
All Atom Weakly Link Together.
![Page 157: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
Potential energy barrier
The fraction of collision that passes the energy f = e –Ea/RT
Collision rate = Z [AC][B]Rate of reaction = P.f x collision rateRate of reaction = P.f.Z[AC][B]Rate of reaction = k [AC][B] where K= P.f.Z
But, f = e –Ea/RT K = P.Z. e –Ea/Rt K = Ae-Ea/RT A= P.Z called frequency factor/ pre-exponent factor.
![Page 158: Chemica kinetic 2016](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070513/588889cd1a28ab3e658b56b5/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
P is a steric factor that accounts for the need for the molecules to be in the proper orientation.