chem nayar, regen power pty ltd - case study | energy security in small islands and remote...
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Professor Chem Nayar, Managing Director, Regen Power Pty Ltd delivered this presentation at the Remote Area Power Supply Conference. The conference brings together remote communities, mine sites and industrial operations and the renewable energy sector to outline the opportunities and barriers for solving off-grid energy challenges with renewable and hybrid energy solutions. For more information, please visit http://www.informa.com.au/remotepowerTRANSCRIPT
Solar Photovoltaic Applications Professor Chem Nayar
02 December 2013
Energy Security in Small Islands and Remote Communities through Innovative Micro-Grid Systems
Professor Chem Nayar
• BSc Elec Engg, MTech ( IIT Kanpur), PhD ( Wind Power), Univ. of Western Australia
• Professor of Electrical and Renewable Energy Engineering, Curtin University
• Visiting Professor –Hefei University, China University of Mining and Technology , United Arab Emirates University, Chiang Mai University (Thailand)
• 42 years teaching , research and industry experience
• Chairman, Regen Group Pty Ltd, Australia • Director, Radiant Solar , Hyderabad, India • Supervised /supervising 20 PhDs, 300 research
papers, 8 million in research grants • Winner of Sustainable Energy Industry
Excellence Award 2011 : (1) The Ambassador Award and (2) Product and Technology Award
• Australian Committee for Power Engineering : Life Time Career Achievement Award , 2012
Professor Chem Nayar
My Background
Background photo: www.bso.vvs.be
About 22% of the world population had no access to electricity ( Ref: International Energy Agency, 2008)
• About 1.4 billion people have no access to electricity - 85% live in rural areas. • Many islands and remote communities use conventional diesel generators • Solar Diesel Hybrid technology offers a cost effective and an efficient rural
electrification solution.
Diesel Generator Fuel Consumption Characteristics
Diesel generator efficiency quickly falls at partial loads- increase in specific consumption, i.e. the amount of fuel needed to generate a kWh increases, the lower the load.
Diesel Generator Control
Typical load profiles
Peak demand is observed around noon time, due to increasing air-conditioning, refrigeration
Typical Load profile in Northern Australia
Peak demand is during the evening - domestic consumption for lighting , TV etc
At Low Loads loads during the night time, the diesel consumes about 1.2 litre of diesel to produce one kWh! During the peak load in the evening the diesel generator may consume only 0.3 litre for one kWh.
What is a Micro-grid? A Micro-Grid can be defined as an autonomous electricity distribution network that supplies the demand of a localised group of customers with one or more electricity generators. System size limited to < 500 kW. Above that is Mini Grid.
Three subsystems Generation Distribution Demand
Typical Battery –Diesel Hybrid system
First time proposed in late 1988
Design basis to run the DG in optimum load
Capital and replacement cost of battery is an issue
Energy loss in battery
A PV/Wind/Diesel Hybrid energy system for remote islands in the Republic of Maldives
Micro Grid : A Case Study
Maldives Remote Island Electrification Pilot Project
Uligam
Raimandhoo
Kondey
Characteristics of Four Outer Islands
Load Characteristics of a typical Outer Island
Power Electronics and Control
Bi-directional Inverter Distribution panel
Hybrid System Monitoring Display
30.07.2010 Footer text -‐ slideshow 5tle
Case Study : Eco Wilderness Resort , Broome, Western Australia
Location : 2 hours drive from Broome, 2200 km north of Perth
• 25 Villas • 30 safari style tents
ECO RESORT – PV INSTALLED IN
Modes of operation : Inverter stand-alone
System’s Operation: 16-22nd of January 2010.
o Storing energy in batteries lowers the system efficiency • Cycling efficiency around 80%
o Big capacities needed • reduce cycle depth • provide load for generator excess energy
o Cost factor for Batteries • represents significant part of initial investment • shortest life time among all system components
Battery room, Eco Resort
Problems of Battery storage
Fuel Efficient Variable Speed Generator
International Patent : PCT/AU2011/001068 , Power Management System and method for optimising fuel consumption, inventor : Nayar Chemmangot , REGEN TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD
Hybridgen manufactured in India/China
Hybrid-Gen Fuel Consumption
Optimum Speed Curve Fuel Consumption L / hour
Speed rpm
1kW output 1100 rpm 0.72 L/h
2kW output 1130 rpm 0.82 L/h
3kW output 1160 rpm 1.10 L/h
4kW output 1200 rpm 1.35 L/h
5kW output 1250 rpm 1.61 L/h
6kW output 1300 rpm 1.82 L/h
7kW output 1400 rpm 2.18 L/h
8kW output 1500 rpm 2.35 L/h
Containerised Power Supply
30.07.2010 Footer text - slideshow title
Micro Grid
Energy Balance in a Micro-grid System
30.07.2010 Footer text -‐ slideshow 5tle
Veterans Retreat Western Australia
Pulau Ubin Microgrid
Pulau Ubin Microgrid
Design example ; 100kWp –Bangladesh village
200 household and 150 shops is as shown above. The maximum load is taken as 15kW and energy consumption is around 250kWh/Day.
General Schematic of 100kW PV Hybrid System for Bangladesh
Solar Hybrid UPS
Hybrid Off-Grid Power System Telecom Application
Case Study : Sri Lanka
Replacement of normal gen-set at established site
30.07.2010 Footer text -‐ slideshow 5tle
Comparison of Fuel Consumption : Variable Speed Vs Constant Speed
Load kW 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Variable Speed ( Mahindra 2185)
LPH 0.9611 1.1960 1.4776 1.7521 2.0176 2.4151 2.7724 3.0536 3.3782 3.7343
RPM 912 916 960 1022 1108 1226 1343 1457 1587 1694
Constant Speed Mahindra 2205
LPH 1.3400 1.5505 1.7792 2.0162 2.2640 2.5350 2.8382 3.1746 3.5697 4.1187
RPM 1546 1544 1542 1537 1516 1503 1502 1498 1493 1492
Constant Speed Mahindra 3255
LPH 1.4921 1.6874 1.8949 2.1088 2.3404 2.5664 2.7850 3.0455 3.3223 3.6287
RPM 1541 1540 1537 1533 1530 1526 1521 1516 1512 1512
Telecom Tower , Pulau Ubin , Singapore
30.07.2010
Typical daily system performance , Pulau Ubin Island, Singapore
• System installed in Sept 2011 • Battery bank size : 1200Ah.
BTS Schematic diagram
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Load kW Solar kW
Energy Equilibrium
PV Charging Battery
PV Supporting Loads
Hybrid-Gen & Battery Supporting Loads
Hybrid-Gen & Battery Supporting Loads
PV & Load Curves August (worst month) �
Solar Hybrid Drinking Water Plants for Remote Communities
Schematic of a simple RO Plant
Removes : * more than 96% dissolved solids * more than 99% organic substances * more than 99% colloid * nearly 100% bacteria
AquaSmart : Solar Powered drinking water for remote communities
100kW Rooftop PV : Pushpagiri Hospital
Water Purification Plant RPRO2-15000 LPH
Item � Value �
Input Water � River, pond, stream, canal, lake, and sub-surface water
Output Water ≤ 20µS/cm, drinkable water as WTO standards
Inflow Rate ≥ 30,000 liters / hour (25ºC)�
Output Rate � ≥ 15,000 liters / hour (25ºC)�
Plant Size 20 * 10 * 5 m (L * W * H)
Pipeline Material Food-grade stainless steel
Installation Mode Whole system assembled with a canopy
Management Mode� Automatic, allowing human interference�
Total Load Power� 30 kW 3-phase 380Vac�
Source Water Tank Source Water Tank – collect water for continuous operation. Capacity: 30 m3
Water Level Control for automatic operation
Salt Tank Fine Filter
High Pressure Reverse Osmosis Pump
The sterilization system consists of Ozone actuator and UV ray tube. It can further remove: * bacteria * free Chlorine * odor * heavy metal residue
Ozone will oxidize and decompose the enzyme which can form the glucose to maintain bacteria. The ozone actuator can ionize air to produce ozone which is further mixed with water through Venturi ejector.
UV ray will destroy bacteria & virus’ genetic material so as to stop its breeding process. The UV ray tube allows flow rate of 15 m3/h. �
Pure Water Tank
Flow Meters
Front View of the assembly
Control Cabinet
Sample Monitoring
Hope for Energy Security in Islands and Remote Communities ..……
Thank you