chapters 1 and 2. geography study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features...
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Chapters 1 and 2
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Geography
• Study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth
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5 Themes-Location
• “Where is it?”• Absolute-exact• Relative-comparative
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5 Themes-Place
• “What is it like?”• Physical-landforms,
climate• Cultural-religion,
traditions
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5 Themes-Region
• “How are places similar?”
• DFW• North Texas
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5 Themes- Human-Environment Interaction
• “How do people interact with the environment?”
• Depend-rivers
• Modify-roads
• Adapt-clothes
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5 Themes- Movement
• “How do people, goods, and ideas move from place to place?”
• Technology is most important
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Equator
• An imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern halves
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Prime meridian
• Imaginary line dividing the earth into eastern and western halves
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Hemisphere
• Half of the earth
• Northern, southern, eastern, western
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Globe
• 3-Dimensional representation of earth
• Not portable
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Cartographer
• Person who makes maps
• Map is 2-D, distorts landmasses, and is portable
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Topographic Map
• Shows natural and man-made features on the earth
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Thematic Map
• Emphasizes specific information like climate or vegetation or population
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GIS-Geographic Information System
• A system that uses digital map information to create a databank
• Can add or remove
different layers to
highlight certain
information
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• Economic – financial issues, business
• Social – Culture, society
• Political – government, leaders
• Nature – Environment, resources, physical geography
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Chapter 2
• Objective: Explain the physical forces that shape the Earth and how they affect people
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Hydrosphere
• Includes all water on earth
• Ocean=71%
• The Blue Planet
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Lithosphere
• The solid rock-portion of the earth’s surface
• Includes crust and upper most mantle
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Atmosphere
• The oxygen we breathe, protects earth from radiation, allows for weather and climate to occur
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Hydrologic Cycle
• Continuous circulation of water between earth, atmosphere and oceans
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Magma/Lava
• Molten Rock under/above surface
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Tectonic Plates
• Giant moving pieces of the earth’s crust
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Plate Movement
• Divergent-move apart, spreading horizontally
• Convergent-collide, one goes under or both crumple
• Transform-slide past one another
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Ring of Fire
• Zone around Pacific Ocean where most volcanoes and earthquakes occur
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Earthquake
• Violent movement of the earth’s crust
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Volcano
• Crack in the earth’s crust where molten rock exits
• Often on a mountain or bulge
• Violent
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Tsunami
• Giant wave usually caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanoes
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Destruction during Japanese Tsunami 2011
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Aftermath at vehicle shipping yard
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Weathering
• Process which acts upon the earth's surface to decompose and breakdown rocks and earth.
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Glacier
• Large, slow moving mass of ice. Moves because of gravity
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Erosion
• The movement of weathered material by wind, water, or ice