chapter vii review. why is “diversity” an apt word to describe india? it has a history of...
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Chapter VII
Review
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Why is “diversity” an apt word to describe India?
It has a history of political division and class divisions.
It has many deities.
It has many languages and ethnic groups.
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Northern India is bordered by the
Himalayas
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Three harvests each year have been possible in some parts of India because of
high rainfall from the monsoons
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The Vedic Age was a new historical period in India marked by
the migration of Indo-Europeans into India
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The varna system developed in order to
create social harmony between groups.
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The class and caste systems in India were connected to
a widespread belief in reincarnation.
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The reincarnation of the atman into a given class depends on
karma or deeds in life.
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What is the underlying message of the cycle of reincarnation?
Accept your place and duties in life.
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Indian ritual sacrifices were intended to
promote stability in the world.
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The Brahmins were important because
they knew how to perform essential sacrifices correctly.
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The collection of Indian poetic hymns dedicated to the various deities and describing sacred practices is
the Rig Veda.
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What does the literature of the Vedic Age reveal about the role of women?
They are depicted as strong and resourceful, reflecting a favorable position in society.
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Individuals sought an alternative path to salvation by practicing
yoga.
special diet.
meditation.
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To be released from the cycle of reincarnation is the concept of
moksha.
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Jainism emphasizes the principles of
nonviolence and asceticism.
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Siddhartha Gautama articulated the “Four Noble Truths,” which taught that
life is suffering and suffering is caused by desire.
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The ultimate spiritual reward in Buddhism is
nirvana.
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The foundation of the Hindu religion is
the Vedic religion of northern Indian Aryans.
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Hinduism emphasized
the worshiper’s devotion to a particular deity
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The habit of Hindu pilgrimage is most important because it promotes
contact, exchanges of ideas, and a broad Hindu identity.
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The reasons for India’s habitual political fragmentation has historically been
India’s complex social hierarchy.
the extremely varied Indian landscape.
the many different forms of economic activity.
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The Mauryan government was supported by
a high tax on agricultural crops.
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In order to improve trade, the Mauryan Empire
issued standard coinage throughout the empire.
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The Mauryan leader Ashoka converted to Buddhism and became a unique leader because of
his dedication to nonviolence, morality, and moderation.
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The chief source of revenue for the Gupta Empire was
a 25 percent tax on agricultural produce.
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The Gupta Empire maintained tight control in the core of the empire through
a powerful national army.
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Why is the Gupta Empire described as a “theater-state”?
Splendor and ceremonies of court advertised the benefits of empire.
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One of the most important contributions made by Gupta intellectuals was the
concept of zero.
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From evidence in Gupta literature and plays, Indian women’s situation since the Vedic period had
worsened.
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During the Gupta period, trade was conducted with
China.
the Roman Empire.
Southeast Asia.
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An extensive trade network developed on land and sea based on which Indian export products?
Cotton cloth, ivory, and metalwork
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Southeast Asia first rose to prominence because
it was an intermediary in regional trade.
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Southeast Asia has important natural resources such as
fertile volcanic soil and tropical climate.
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The plant and animal species that thrive in Southeast Asia are:
coconuts, bananas, rice, soybeans, sugar cane, chickens and pigs.
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What impressive navigational skills did the Malay people develop?
Riding monsoon winds, and navigating using wave patterns, clouds, and swells
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Southeast Asian state building was based on
commerce, especially the silk and spice trade, and Hindu/Buddhist culture.
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The first major Southeast Asian center, Funan, declined because of
a shift in international trade routes.
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The Srivijayan kingdom based its power on control of:
the river ports of former Srivijayan rivals.
the fertile rice lands of Java.
the upland region of the Sumatran interior.
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The most important cultural influences on Southeast Asian kingdoms came from
India.