chapter-vi poultry development in...
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CHAPTER-VI
POULTRY DEVELOPMENT IN KARNATAKA
6.0 Introduction
Karnataka has livestock and Poultry population of 7.53 crores as per the results of the
18th Livestock census 2007. The share of Karnataka in all India livestock and poultry
population was 5.83% and 6.48% respectively.
Karnataka is the third largest producer of poultry meat and Fifth largest producer of eggs
in the country. The State produces about 70 lakh eggs daily and about 40 million kg of meat per
annum. The poultry industry is presently in an un-organised state and is dominated by several
large private players.
The Karnataka State Poultry Farmers' Welfare Association has urged the government to
bring poultry farming in the agriculture sector. Poultry farmers are also demanding that benefits
given to farmers be extended to them. To condemn the government's alleged reluctance to
consider the demands of poultry farmers, the association has planned protests on Monday at all
district and taluk headquarters. Over 40,000 families across the State, comprising both poultry
farmers and agricultural labourers, were dependent on poultry farming for livelihood. As poultry
farming was neither considered under animal husbandry nor agriculture, poultry farmers were
being denied benefits such as loans at low interest rates and power subsidy. Punjab, Gujarat,
Haryana and Andhra Pradesh governments had given agriculture tag to poultry farming.
Karnataka Co-operative Poultry Federation Ltd (KCPFL), presently provides marketing
support, training and inputs to the farmers through co-operative societies. There are at present
10,000 poultry farmers in the state. About 62 primary poultry co-operative societies are
functioning under the federation while 15 more would be formed this year. About seven such
societies have been provided assistance and plans are a foot to assist few more.
Marketing of the produce is the main problem faced by the farmers as the market is
controlled by the middlemen. As the prices are not regulated they are subject to wild fluctuations
219
on a daily basis. The federation is not in a position to intervene as it does not have sufficient
funds nor the necessary infrastructure.
QuaHty is also a key issue being faced by the industry. The study will also help us
formulate quality control norms. It will also help us assess the kind of intervention required and
also to formulate regulator mechanisms. The thrust area for the federation is to improve the
health conditions of the birds.
As per estimates, investments to the tune of Rs 500-600 crore has already gone into the
sector and there is scope for further investments. The poultry sector has got good growth
potential, that growth rate has been between 10-15 percent annually. The produce is not only
consumed in the State but also sent to neighbouring states while a small quantity is exported to
West Asia and South-East Asian Countries. The Kamataka Co-operative Poultry Federation Ltd
(KCPFL), the apex body of poultry co-operatives in the State, is commissioning a
comprehensive study of the poultry industry to assess the present situation and future prospects
of the sector.
6.1 Poultry Development in Karnataka
Poultry development is carried out by the Department, through a network of 26 poultry
farms. The details of these farms/institutions are provided below.
• State Poultry Breeding and Training Centre, Hessarghatta, Bangalore,
• Three Regional Poultry Breeding and Training Centres at Malavalli, Gangavathi and
Haveri
• Eight District Poultry Rearing and Training Centre at Gulbarga, Davanagere, Kudlige,
Bidar, Bijapura, Gundlupet, Mangalore «& Kolar
• Fourteen Poultry Rearing Centres at Tumkur, Shimoga, Raichur, Kumta, Kundapur,
Chickmagalur, Ponnampet, Hassan, Ramanagaram, T. Narasipura, Holenarasipura, Koila,
Kurikuppe and Belgaum The key activities undertaken for the development of poultry in
Kamataka include:
220
• Breeding and rearing of Giriraja parent stock of birds under the scientific breeding
system, franchising with the University of Agricultural Sciences, Poultry Division,
Bangalore.
• Production and supply of day old "Giriraja" chicks, to the farmers and departmental
rearing centres.
• Rearing and supply of "Giriraja" birds of eight weeks to the beneficiaries under various
socio-economic schemes at no loss no profit basis.
• Imparting training in respect of modem poultry farming in both layers and broilers and
preparation of project reports.
• Providing disease diagnostic facilities.
Kamataka produces 1.3 crore eggs each day and Bangalore consumes about 45 lakh eggs
every day. The price of one kilogram of chicken hovers around Rs.90 now, while production
costs over around Rs. 65 for a kilogram. The price of one egg was Rs.3.50ps while production
costs over around Rs. 2.80 per egg, leading to very small profit.
6.2 Need for Poultry Development
In the recent years, the poultry farming has made rapid strides from a family occupation
to a progressive industry. Poultry meat is the fastest growing component of global meat
production, consumption and trade, with developing economies like India playing a leading role
in the expansion. The share of poultry meat in total meat production has increased from 19.79%
in 1981 to 30.14% in 2002 at world level and from 4.46 % in 1981 to 12.10 % in 2002 in India.
Kamataka produced around 19,730 tonnes of meat in the year 2009-10. Kamataka stands 7'*" in
the production of eggs by different states. Egg production during 2006-07 and 2007-08 by the
leading states of India are provided in the table below.
221
Table 6.1
Egg Production of Different States, During 2006-07 and 2007-08
State Andhra Pradesh Haryana
Kamataka
Kerala
Maharashtra
Orissa
Punjab
Tamil Nadu
West Bengal
India
2006-07 159411 39596
19497
11987
33950
14246
37740
80435
30386
506629
2007-08 175884 40727
20385
13831
34640
15479
37914
83937
30542
535328
Source: Dept. of Animal Husbandry and Vet. Services
With several initiatives undertaken by the Department, the egg production has improved
drastically over the last few years. The total egg production in Kamataka has increased to 29,083
in the year 2009-10 compared to 19,497 in the year 2006-07.
Table 6.2
Total Egg Production in Different Seasons during 2009-10 (in thousands)
Season
Summer
Rainy
Winter
Overall 2009-10
Egg Production
Desi
1764
1821
1640
5225
Improved
8099
8045
7714
23858
Total
9863
9866
9354
29083
Source: Dept. of Animal Husbandry and Vet. Services
222
Backyard poultry is one of the major sources of income to the farmers. However, the true
potential of the poultry fanning has not been utilized due to many issues.Some of the key issues
are listed below.
a. Lack of knowledge of scientific practices of poultry farming
b. Poor health care and disease control
c. Lack of capacity building
d. Lack of organized market channels for inputs and outputs
e. Inability to raise certain improved breeds under the farm conditions
f. Poor egg production from the breed of birds used in the backyard poultry
Recent development in the poultry farming are driven by a shift in industry structure
toward integrated ownership and coordination of the input, production and marketing operations
involved in poultry production. This project with all these components of vertical integration
would help substantially to the poultry farming of the region.
6.3 Present Status: Poultry Population Dynamics and Productivity
The Poultry population of Kamataka is 420.67 lakh as per 2007 Livestock Census and
has made a record growth of 73.56% over the previous Census. The total layer population
estimated during 2010-11 was 155.59 lakh out of which 101.08 lakh were improved layers and
54.51 lakh were desi birds. There was 4.07% increase in total layer population in 2010-11 over
that in 2009-10. There are more than 40 hatcheries in Kamataka producing about 374 lakh
broiler chicks and 96 lakh layer chicks. Egg production in the state is estimated to be 30674 lakh
comprising of 5505 lakh from desi layers and 25169 lakh eggs from improved layers. The per-
capita availability of eggs is around 50 eggs during 2010-11 as against 47 eggs in the previous
year.
During 2011-12 health services for livestock and poultry were rendered through a
network of 4110 veterinary institutions comprising 371 veterinary hospitals.
The Government introduced the Poultry Feed Act to maintain the quality of Poultry feed.
There are 23 poultry farms in the state which fiinction under the technical guidance of the
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services. The major developmental activities
223
are breeding and rearing of Giriraja Parent Stock and supplying chicks to the farmer4s and
rearing centers of the Department. In 2009-10 and 2010-11 2384 and 1739 persons respectively
were trained in poultry rearing. About 1.07 lakh and 85310 Giriraja chicks were produced
respectively during these two years. In 2011-12 upto December 2011, 30782 chicks were reared
and 1493 persons were trained. The progress has marginally declined due to incidence of
Salmonella diseases.
6.3.1 Developmeiital Departments and their role in Poultry Development
> The Government agencies involved in poultry development in the state are Department of
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services and Kamataka Co-operative Poultry
Federation. Poultry development in the state is being done by the Kamataka Government
through 12 Poultry Farms, 13 Extension Centres and 5 Intensive Poultry Development
Projects. Among these, the major farm is located at Hessaraghatta, Bangalore which is
engaged in scientific poultry breeding operations. The eleven Regional Poultry Farms are
engaged in production of day old commercial Giriraja chicks. Poultry health coverage
including vaccinations of Ranikhet Disease is provided at all the Veterinary dispensaries
and Polyclinics of the DAH & VS.
> DAH also provides training to the farmers and the service personnel on improved
practices and supply of Giriraja birds. Under Mahila Abhivruidhi Yojana units of Giriraja
birds are distributed to women at nominal rates.
> The Kamataka Cooperative Poultry Federation is also implementing Poultry Component
ofRKVY.
> The sub centers of federation will be strengthened, Layer and Broiler poultry units will be
established and Giriraja bird rearing will be promoted.
> Retail chicken dressing outlets will be established in 178 taluks.
> Poultry products will be transported through cold chain transport vehicles.
> Feed Mixing plants, hatchery units, disease diagnostic labs, cold storages and godowns
will be established.
> An amount of 2795.93 lakh has been sanctioned under this scheme.
224
> The scheme is being implemented in a phased manner over a period of 4 years. During
2008-09 this was implanted in Dharwar sub center of federation with an amount of ? 715
lakh.
6.3.2 Role of Karnataka Poultry Farmers and Breeders Association (KPFBA):
The Karnataka Poultry farmers & Breeders Association was established in the year 1991.
Objectives of KPFBA:
1) To promote organized development of poultry farming in the State of Karnataka.
2) To represent poultry farming needs to the union government, state governments & all
bodies that impact the poultry farming activity in Karnataka.
3) To collect & maintain information of poultry farming activity in the state. Sharing the
same with its members, Government bodies & policy makers of the State.
4) To liaise between poultry farming community, educational institutions & research
institutions.
5) To represent Karnataka Poultry farming activity to other associations, nationally &
internationally.
Few decades ago, poultry farming was a primitive, backyard village activity. Today this
agricultural activity has moved a long way coming to a position of creating employment
opportunity close to 5 Lakh families in the state of Karnataka.
With these statistics, members of KPFBA are contributing to
job creation & improving socio-economic status in rural India. Financially impacting the
agricultural sector of the state. KPFBA would be a one point of contact for information on
poultry activity in the state for its citizens, consumers, its members, state government «fe central
government.
6.3.3 Assistance to develop broiler poultry farm (500 capacity) for unemployed youth
This is a state Government scheme in which the beneficiary will be given subsidy at 25%
of unit cost for general promoters and 33% for SC/ST to establish a broiler farm of 500 capacity.
The scheme was implemented in 16 districts viz. Bagalkot, Koppal, Gadag, Dharwad, Haveri,
Bellary, Davangere, Udupi, Kolar, Bangalore (U), Mandya, Hassan, Mysore & Ramnagara in the
225
year 2009-10 and in 7 districts viz. Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Bijapur, Belgaum.and U. Kannada
in the year 2010-11.
6.3.4 Karnataka Cooperative Poultty Federation Ltd. (KCPF)
The KCPF started functioning since 1995 and the main objectives of federation is to
establish Poultry farmers cooperative societies, providing health coverage and disease
surveillance, loan assistance through financial institutions and impart modernised training to the
poultry farmers. There are 5 Regional Centres of the federation to fulfill the above objectives. In
all 83 Primary poultry co-operative societies are affiliated to the federation. In addition to the
above mentioned activities for poultry development, the Federation is undertaking awareness
creation amongst public regarding Avian Influenza and other emerging diseases through
meeting, seminars, workshops etc., by the State Level Animal Disease Emergency Committee.
6.3.5 Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy)
The erstwhile Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (IFL and Interest subsidy) has been
converted into Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy) scheme. This is the first year of
operation of the scheme.
The Objective of the scheme is to encourage poultry farming, improve production and
productivity, provide quality meat in hygienic conditions, facilitate rearing of other poultry
species like quails, ducks, turkeys, etc.
6.3.6 Margin/Subsidy
At 25 % (33.33% for SC/ST) will be given as capital subsidy on the maximum project
cost. Eligible Components are - Breeding farms for low input technology birds, central grower
units, hybrid layers, hybrid broilers, rearing other species of poultry, feed mixing unit, disease
investigation laboratory, transport vehicles - open cage and refrigerated, retail dressing outlets,
retail marketing outlets, mobile marketing units, cold storage for poultry products, egg/broiler
carts, large processing units, emu processing units, feather processing units, technology
upgradation.
226
6.3.7 Ground Level Credit (GLC) Flow
The district-wise DCP targets and achievements for the period from 2008-09 to 2010-11
are given in the following. The ground level credit flow for poultry sector, registered an
impressive growth of 264% during 2010-11 over the previous year.
Table 6.3
Ground Level Credit Flow in the District during 2008-09 to 2010-11 (in lakh)
Target
Achievement
2008-09
15255.00
5730.00
2009-10
17297.00
7316.14
2010-11
22729.55
26686.00
Source: Annual Report of Dept of A.H
6.4 Refinance Disbursements
Out of total refinance disbursement of Rs 980.13 crore in 2010-11, the share of Poultry
sector is Rs 12.88 crore. The refinance disbursements have registered a growth of 31.71% during
2010-11 over 2009-10 (Rs 9.78 crore in 2009-10). Among the various agencies, KSCARDB
absorbed 47.43% of refinance of the total disbursements under poultry sector followed by CBs
(46.31%), RRBs (5.89%) and SCB (0.35%). Under Poultry sector Bangalore (U) availed
maximum refinance (Rs. 716.70 lakh) followed by Bangalore (R) (Rs. 295.12 lakh) and
Kolar(Rs 162.36 lakh).
6.5 Potential linked credit plans (PLPs) projections - 2012-13
The PLP projections for the state have been estimated at Rs 33766.85 lakh.
6.6 Infrastructural Gaps and Action Points Suggested
• Regional disparity in development: Kamataka is one of the leading poultry states,
however, regional disparity in the development of this sector across the districts needs to
be addressed. (Action : Poultry Industry, DAH&VS)
227
Status of Poultry as Industry or Agriculture : There is considerable ambiguity regarding
the status of poultry as to whether it is 'agriculture' or 'industry'. In the process, the sector
is not enjoying the benefits of either industry or agriculture. (Action : DAH & VS)
Working Capital needs of poultry farmers : The working capital needs of the poultry
farmers may be take into account while fixing the limits for KCC.,( Banks)
Disease Monitoring System and Biosecurity measures in poultry : In order to save the
poultry farmers from the losses resuhing due to Avian Flu scare or outbreaks of other
contagious and infectious diseases in and out of the country, effective disease monitoring
system to be established. Also, while financing for poultry adherence to Biosecurity
norms may be strictly followed especially the guidelines on the distance between the
poultry farms need to be followed. (Action : Banks)
Establishing common incinerator facilities : To ensure effective biosecurity use of
incinerators may be encouraged and infrastructure for common incinerator facilities may
be established at major poultry producing blocks. (Action Poultry Industry, DAH&VS)
Contract Fanning for Maize and Soya : As maize and soya are the major ingredients of
poultry feed contract farming for maize and soya needs to be encouraged to enable the
supply of these feed ingredients at affordable price, private poultry feed manuufacturers
support for the same may be obtained from (Action : Integrators, Banks, DAH & VS,
GoK)
As the maize and soya are stored in silos and not in godowns silos for maize and soya
may be included under AMI scheme (Action : DMI, Gol)
Encouraging rearing of low input technology birds : SHGs may be encouraged to rear
brooding units of commercial Giriraja chicks. Such units may be credit linked. Assistance
from Backyard Poultry Scheme can be sought for. (Action : Banks, DAH & VS).
Encouraging poultry infrastructure and marketing support : The private entrepreneurs
should be encouraged to establish units for poultry processing and marketing. For this,
support from Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (Subsidy) may be obtained. The farmers /
entrepreneurs need to be given training in various aspects of Poultry farming (Action :
Banks, DAH & VS, KCPF)
Operational issues of Venture Capital Fund for Poultry (subsidy): Controlling offices of
banks and the DAHVS at District level may sensitize the bank manahers' and fanners
228
respectively about the operational aspects of the scheme. (Action : Banks, DAH & VS,
KCPF)
6.7 KARNATAKA - AT A GLANCE
Kamataka is the Sixth largest state in India with a human population of 528.50 lakhs and
a density of 275 persons per sq.km.(2001,Human census).According to the Livestock census in
the state.during the year 2003 (provisional),the population of poultry is 255.93 lakhs.
Animal Husbandry plays a vital role in determining the agricultural economy of the state.
The main occupation of more than 75% of the rural population is agriculture and allied activities,
production from the domesticated animals and poultry like, milk, meat, wool and eggs has
become subsidiary occupation of the farmers in the state. There is a total of 56 poultry farms in
the state, four of them under the AH. Dept and the remaining in the private sector. Similarly,
there is only one duck breeding farm in the state.
Poultry keeping is one of the best practice available for an integrated rural development
and to bring about socio-economic transformation of small entrepreneurs. Poultry assures greater
importance from subsidiary status to a main occupation. Majority of the farmers in Central Dry
Zone of Kamataka practice poultry farming as tertiary occupation for their livelihood. The
economic viability of the poultry unit mainly depends on the production and productivity of the
birds for which the farmers should adopt scientific technology. There exists a gap between adopt
scientific technology. There exists a gap between the available technology and its utilization by
the clientele. Hence, the trail aimed to find out the opinion of the poultry farmers on the one hand
and their knowledge and attitude towards the newly introduced Girirani chicks on the other.
Girirani a strain of poultry produced by the Dept. of Avian Production, UAS Bangalore
as a better substitute to the desi birds with respect to the egg production. Backyard poultry
rearing is a common subsidiary occupation in most of the villages in Kamataka. Farmers rear
poultry for the purpose of egg production and meat purpose and also as a source and means of
income.
229
Progress achieved during the year 2005-06:
Giriraja eggs produced 3,78,334
Giriraja chicks produced 1,39,466
111. Persons trained 2,723
During the year 2005-06 under Centrally Sponsored Scheme "Assistance to State Poultry
Farms"- the Regional Poultry and Training Centre, Malavalli has been provided with Rs.69,000
lakhs which includes a central share of 80% is Rs. 55.00 lakhs and state share of 20% which
constitutes s. 14.00 lakhs for strengthening of infrastructure, rearing of 4000 Giriraja parent stock
production of 2.2 lakhs Giriraja chicks and to provide training to poultry farmers etc.,.
In Kamataka recently. Layer poultry farms are increasing district like in - Hosapet,
Davanagere, Raichur and Challakere. Alternative atmosphere in these regions to Isreal birds of
poultry. And also in these regions Maize crop expanded caused increasing production of egg and
poultry farms.
Table 6.4
Quick Facts Figures for Poultry Production in Karnataka during 2011-12
Layer population (Lakhs) Av.egg per layer per year Total of egg production Price of egg (" per dozen) 2011-12 Per-capita availability of eggs
Desi 46.78 192
3713850 42 20
Improved 54.23 360
3011080 45 31
Total 101.01
-
7027700 --
Source: Field Survey
Table 6.5
Percentage of Households with Different Livestock in Karnataka during 2011-12
Bovines
Poultry
Sheep
Goats
Pigs
51.41
24.00
7.82
12.02
0.60
Source: Field Survey
It can be seen from the table that during the year under report, only 24% of the
households possessed poultry.
230
Table 6.6
Percentage Distribution of Poultry Units of Different Sizes in Karnataka during 2010-11
and 2011-12
Size of Poultry unit (No. of
birds)
1-5
6-10
11-15
16-20
21-25
26-30
31 & above
Total
Percentage Distribution of Poultry Farmers
2010-11
44.92
29.12
13.62
6.15
3.82
1.55
0.82
100
2011-12
35.28
28.20
15.33
10.46
7.02
2.17
1.54
100
Source: Field Survey
It can be observed from the table that majority of the poultry farmer's possessed small
number of poultry during 2011-12. More than 30 birds were possessed by only 1.54% of the
households. This pattern has continued in the current year also.
6.8 Poultry Population
Table 6.7
District wise Population of Poultry Birds in Karnataka
SI. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
District
Bangalore(U)
Bangalore(R)
Belgaum
Bellary
Bidar
Bijapur
Chickmangalur
Total Poultry
639838
3893772
847189
2077955
588688
368430
440469
231
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Chitradurga
D. Kannada
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
kodagu
Kolar
Mandya
Mysore
Raichur
Shimoga
Tumkur
Uttara Kannada
Bagalkote
Chamarajanagar
Davangere
Gadag
Haveri
Koppala
Udupi
Total
897337
868440
306939
733497
756602
268343
1904022
729011
1788000
534469
569479
639816
564887
837447
227753
1520386
139052
511390
2097692
841893
2,55,92,796
Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05
6.9 Layer and Egg Production
Table 6.8
Estimates of Layer Population and Production in India
Items
Desi
Unit
No
Estimates of Population
(layer)
2002-03
84420
2003-04
46776
%change in
2002-03 over
previous year
-44.59
Population as
per census
2003
46543
%
Change
in 2002
over 2003
0.50
232
Improved
Total
No
No
51154
135574
54233
101009
6.02
-25.49
53962
100505
0.50
0.50
Yield per layer per year
Desi
Improved
No
No
94
234
97
235
3.14
0.43
-
-
-
-
Egg Production
Desi
Improved
Total
Lakh No
Lakh No
Lakh No
7933
11994
19927
4529
12748
17277
-42.91
6.29
-13.30
-
-
-
-
-
-
Source: Kamataka at A Glance 2004-05
6.10 Estimation of Karnataka Poultry Production Trend:
6.10.1 EGGS:
> Kamataka is 7^ largest producer of eggs in India.
> Per-capita availability of eggs is 50 per year.
Figure 6.1 Egg Production (in millions )
• Egg Production
H 2005-06
H 2006-07
H 2007-08
U 2008-09
u 2009-10
Source: Economic Survey of India, Annual report of Department of Animal Husbandry
233
Table: 6.9
Karnataka Year wise Poultry Population:
Year
1951
1956
1961
1966
1972
1977
1983
1990
1997
2003
2007
Poultry
5705132
7667845
8840947
8276797
10163177
9696012
12096535
15693580
21398756
24450809
42433692
Source: Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services
Department, Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12. PP.A-63.
As shown in the above table during 1951-2007, the poultry population has been
increased.
Table.6.10
District wise population and production performance of layers in Karnataka for the year
2003-04
SI.
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
District
Bangalore(U)
Banga!ore(R)
Belgaum
Bellary
Bidar
Bijapur
Population ('000)
835
2097
3685
1385
752
1643
586
525
403
6458
260
195
Yield
per layer
(Nos)
84
88
91
102
103
100
Egg production (lakhs)
226
229
234
231
237
238
69
185
336
143
77
163
132
120
93
1495
63
47
201
305
429
1638
140
210
234
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Sou re
Chickmagalur
Chitradurga
D. Kannada
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kodagu
Kolar
Mandya
Mysore
Raichur
Shimoga
Tumkur
Uttara Kannada
Bagalkote
Chamarajanagar
Davengere
Gadag
Haveri
Koppala
Udupi
Total
e: Kamataka at a C
1550
892
2520
460
3539
2468
1159
3447
2501
1985
1365
2148
2719
1482
1558
784
1396
556
1032
922
1898
46776
ilance 2004-C
92
252
454
469
110
584
128
1211
354
4913
1477
654
303
961
3602
363
9635
289
1366
18390
200
54233
15
96
100
92
91
99
94
88
103
98
100
103
94
100
97
100
101
98
98
102
101
103
97
235
238
231
232
239
238
237
239
239
238
241
233
236
236
239
237
235
234
236
235
238
235
149
89
234
41
348
232
99
354
245
200
140
202
155
144
155
81
137
55
106
93
179
4529
22
61
107
108
27
141
30
294
86
1169
361
153
862
227
862
86
2237
67
322
4319
48
12748
171
150
341
149
375
373
129
648
331
1369
501
355
1017
371
1017
167
2374
122
428
4412
227
17277
Table.6.11
Trend of layer population in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004 (in Lakhs)
Year
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
Desi
39.53
41.81
45.72
Improved
-
-
-
Total
39.53
41.81
45.72
235
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-2000
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
Source: K
48.40
52.68
51.84
53.44
56.25
43.15
48.77
49.76
59.72
61.91
62.30
62.60
64.48
64.48
67.51
69.80
72.95
77.37
88.22
89.63
90.55
83.79
86.08
84.42
46.78
amataka a1
-
-
-
-
-
17.89
19.74
21.60
23.45
25.31
27.16
27.25
28.92
29.74
30.80
32.31
34.00
36.86
39.45
43.61
45.73
55.82
51.83
51.15
54.23
a Glance 2004-0
48.40
52.68
51.84
53.44
56.25
61.04
68.51
71.36
83.17
87.22
89.46
89.85
93.40
94.28
98.31
102.01
106.95
114.23
127.67
133.24
136.28
139.61
137.91
135.57
101.01
5
236
Table 6.12 A
Egg Production during 11*'' Five Year Plan in Karnataka (in Lakh)
Year
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Total
Target
18616
18925
19239
19558
19883
96.221
Production
20385
23745
29083
30674
26234
130121
Source: Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12, PP. A-37 (Appendix-4.]
% of Achievement
109.5
125.47
151.17
136.00
131.94
135.23
17)
As shown in the above table, during 11* Five Year Plan in Karnataka state Egg Production, target and percentage of achievement has been increased 2007-08 to 2010-11, but in 2011-12 egg production has been decreased.
Table.6. 12 B
Meat Production during 11*** Five Year Plan in Karnataka
Year
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Total
Target
107337
110458
113653
116949
120341
568738
Production
109953
114519
119247
123910
100061
567690
% of Achievement
102.44
103.68
104.92
100.56
83.15
99.82
Source: Economic Survey of Karnataka 2011-12, PP. A-37 (Appendix- 4.17)
As shown in the above table meat production in Karnataka state during 2007-08 to 2010-11 has been increased both Target and Production. But in 2011-12 decreased for meat production and percentage of achievement.
237
Table 6.13
Trend of av. egg yield per layer per year in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004 (in No's)
Year
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-2000
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
Source: Kamat
Desi
-
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
126 121 119 100 97 97 97 96 96 96 96 98 94 96 97 96 97 95 94 97 aka at a G
Improved
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
249 248 248 248 248 248 249 249 248 249 249 249 244 245 246 245 235 234 234 235 ance 2004-05
Total
-
142 145 151 146 160 163 165 162 157 158 143 142 143 143 143 144 144 144 146 143 142 144 146 143 147 147 171
238
6.11 Broiler and Chicken Meat Production
Total number of poultry slaughtered in the state during 2003-04 was 151.41 lakhs. The
average meat yield per bird was 1.173Kg. A total of 17767 tones of poultry meat was produced
which accounted for 18.28% of the estimated meat production in the state which was 97220.
Table 6.14 District wise Population of Poultry in Karnataka:
SI. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
District
Bangalore(U)
Bangalore(R)
Belgaum
Bellary
Bidar
Bijapur
Chickmagalur
Chitradurga
D. Kannada
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
kodagu
Kolar
Mandya
Mysore
Raichur
Shimoga
Tumkur
Uttara Kannada
Bagalkote
Chamarajanagar
Meat Produced
(tones)
2232
3394
442
1037
59
65
312
436
612
156
86
942
292
2216
1073
735
146
319
1103
178
213
208
Meat yield per
bird (kg)
1.230
1.120
0.980
1.320
1.000
1.124
1.125
1.000
1.200
1.000
1.000
1.320
1.000
1.320
1.230
1.230
1.230
1.250
1.000
1.220
1.000
1.000
239
23
24
25
26
27
Davengere
Gadag
Haveri
Koppala
Udupi
Total
658
38
177
223
415
17767
1.230
1.250
1.000
1.000
1.320
1.173
Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05
Table 6.15 Trend of Poultry Meat Production in Karnataka from 1976-77 to 2003-2004
Year
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-2000
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
No. of Poultry
slaughtered (in
lakhs)
110.56
123.57
128.96
131.92
134.56
137.90
135.57
151.41
Estimated
production (in
tones)
9928
11541
12806
13166
13771
13956
13896
17767
Av. meat
yield per
bird
0.898
0.934
0.993
0.998
1.023
1.012
1.225
1.173
Source: Kamataka at a Glance 2004-05
In Kamataka state alone, there are more than 22 lakh families falling below the poverty
line. In most such families, women are confined to the house, and even if she takes to work, the
meager earnings from the work will not be enough to provide two square meals to all the kids
and the family. The question of proper nourishment, health care and education many a times is
left not at all raised. To such families, an additional source of income can be a real boon to work
out the expenditure of priority areas of life village chicken rearing has a very high potential in
this regard due to low initial investment, lower maintenance, easier local marketing and faster
returns. It should be therefore proposed to take up a village poultry development programme
with Giriraja Chicken for the benefit of rural women, landless and economically weaker section
240
of Kamatako state. Each family when provided with 20 Giriraja birds can generate an additional
income of around Rs. 890/- month, in addition to the benefits in terms of improved health,
nutritional and social status (Devegowda, 2003)
6.12 Conclusion
We tried to obtain data from major hatcheries in Kamataka about broiler chicks supplied
to farms within the state. However, the hatcheries were not willing to divulge the information.
We had discussions with the Kamataka Federation of poultry farmers and here; too, we were not
able to figure out the total broiler production in Kamataka. State produced about 125 million
broiler birds. The average weight per live bird is assumed to range between 1.7 and 1.8 kg with
an average of 1.75 kg. A broiler with one kg of live weight yields 0.75 kg of meat when dressed
with skin and 0.70 kg if the skin is removed. Thus, the total broiler meat production in Kamataka
is estimated to be 1,64,062.5 tonnes (with skin) and 1,53,125 tonnes (skin-out). The estimated
broiler meat production during 2004 would be 1.94,062 tonnes (with skin) and 1,81,125 tonnes
(without skin), if we consider 2.07 kg as the average weight per live broiler as found in our
study.
The development of the Indian Poultry Industry has not just been in terms of size but also
in producivity, sophistication, image and versatility. The factors which have favored the
developm ni ofpoultry production during such a short span are: small initial investment, short
generation interval ofpoultry compared with other livestock species plentiful availability of
good quality chicks, quick and assured financial retums availability of trained manpower, better
understanc'ing and knowledge of improved and scientific methods of feeding, management and
health coi rol, planned R&D strategies governmental measures for easy availability of loans,
acceptance ofpoultry meat by all sections of society irrespective of caste, creed and religion and
the special role ofpoultry in alleviation poverty and malnutrition. With the industry attaining
self -sufficiency in almost all areas, including poultry breeding stock, feeds, health care and
equipments, the challenge ahead is three fold keeping down the feed prices at reasonable level
streamlining marketing of eggs and table poultry to ensure remunerative prices to the producers
and promoting backyard poultry farming under systematic training guidance.
241
We are a group of progressive and forward looking poultry farmers. Over the past few
years, our experience shows that although the poultry produces business worth around 60,000
crores annually in India, still the business is run in an unorganised manner where the actual
producer (Farmer) is not aware of the input cost and his sale price. While the input cost (Fixed
assets, feed , medicines and other consumables) is continuously increasing, that of the sale of
produce (Egg and Broilers) fluctuate very widely and more often than not the sale prices are
much lower than the production cost. This obviously results in avoidable heavy losses to the
producers and sometimes to the traders also. To run the business in more organised way it is very
essential for the producer and the trader to be continuously updated on the trends in cost
variation of inputs and sale rates, so that the overall business especially to the producer does not
run in darioiess and result in heavy losses to them.
Asa first step we have attempted to share the above information on daily/hourly basis to
the fellow farmers and traders to help bringing in transparency in poultry business.
242
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