chapter extension 4 preparing a computer budget © 2008 pearson prentice hall,experiencing mis,...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter Extension 4
Preparing a Computer Budget
© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall,Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
CE 4-2 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Study Questions
Is $80,000 enough? What process should I use for establishing a
budget? What hardware do we need? What software do we need? How do I plan for change? What is the role of the IT department? Is $80,000 enough?
CE 4-3 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Is $80,000 Enough?
Managers need to carefully consider budgets– Do not want to go over budget– Must control costs– Need to justify expenditures
CE 4-4 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Processes for Establishing a Budget
Figure CE4-1
CE 4-5 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
What Hardware Do We Need?
Laptop or desktop? CPU Main memory Magnetic disks Video displays
CE 4-6 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Laptop Vs. Desktop
Laptops– Portable– Force many components into small shell– Heat dissipation problems
Desktops – Cheaper– More reliable
CE 4-7 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
CPU
Useful for processing data that already resides in main memory
Fast CPU needed for:– Complicated calculations and manipulations of
data– Processing large graphics files
CE 4-8 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Main Memory
More important than CPU Key performance factors are speed and size
– Cannot change speed– Can increase amount of memory
More memory beneficial if:– You run different applications at same time– Your computer is constantly swapping files
CE 4-9 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Magnetic Disks
Provide long-term, nonvolatile storage Type and size affect performance Magnetic disks
– Data recorded in concentric circles– Disks spin inside disk unit– Read or write by read/write head
Time required to read data depends on:– Rotational delay– Seek time
Data transfer depends on width and speed of channel
CE 4-10 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Optical Disks
Two types:– CDs– DVDs
Store data differently Different capacities and speed ROM = read-only memory R = record data once RW = rewritable
CE 4-11 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Video Displays
Two types:– CRTs
Cathode ray tubes Big and bulky Cost less
– LCDs Liquid crystal display Slimmer Last longer
CE 4-12 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Pixels
Small spots on screen displayed by monitors Represented in main memory Number depends on size of monitor and
mechanism that creates image Optimal resolution
– Size of pixel grid that gives best sharpness and clarity
CE 4-13 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Network Access
NIC device– Support wired or wireless connections– Many computers support both types of
connections– Can add device if needed– Easy upgrade
CE 4-14 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Printers
Can be attached to computer– Accessed via that computer
Can be equipped with NIC – Accessed directly– Frees up computer
CE 4-15 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
What Software Do We Need?
Figure CE4-4
CE 4-16 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Software
May be included in purchase of hardware Site license
– License to place software product on all equipment at site– Per unit price is less than unit retail price– Organization doesn’t have to track which computers have
software installed
Upgrade– Vendors allow users to purchase new version at reduced
cost or for free
CE 4-17 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Operating Systems
Usually determined by organizational policy Usually standardized to single system IT department installs software and upgrades
in most businesses
CE 4-18 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Horizontal Market Software
Microsoft Office– Licensed in different configurations– Access
OpenOffice– Open-source– License-free– Popular with cost-conscious– No personal DBMS
CE 4-19 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Vertical Market Software
Contact managers– Goldmine– Act!
Engineering software– AutoCad
Licenses can be expensive– User licenses– Seat licenses
CE 4-20 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
How Do I Plan for Change?
Will there be changes in the number of employees in each job category?
Will there be changes in your departmental responsibilities?
Will changes produce different hardware and software requirements?
Will there be a merger with or acquisition of another department?
Will the vendor stop supporting a particular product that you use?
CE 4-21 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
How Do I Plan for Change? (continued)
Do you need to upgrade software? Do you need to upgrade hardware to support
new software? Do you need to rotate computers?
CE 4-22 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
What Is the Role of the IT Department?
Help desk– Assists end users
Maintains networks and servers Administers databases Plans IT Develops and installs new systems Provides secure computing environment Sets standards
CE 4-23 © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke
Active Review
Is $80,000 enough? What process should I use for establishing a
budget? What hardware do we need? What software do we need? How do I plan for change? What is the role of the IT department? Is $80,000 enough?