Chapter 9 Packing

Contents

1. Revision 1. Revision

2. New Lecture 2. New Lecture

3. Useful Expressions 3. Useful Expressions

4. Exercises 4. Exercises

By learning this unit, you are supposed to be able to:

1. Understand the importance of packing goods.

2. Know the basic knowledge and methods of

packing goods.

3. Write letters to talk about packing of commodity.

Revision I. Translate the following phrases into

Chinese/English.• 1.under the circumstances

2. as stipulated• 3. sight bill • 4. payment against documents• 5. in agreement with…

6. on one’s own account • 7. meet sb’s accounts

8. tie-up of funds

• 9. 修改信用证 • 10. 用文字和数字• 11. 根据条款• 12. 准备待运• 13. 毫不耽搁 / 延误 • 14. 不可撤销即期信用证• 15. 允许转船• 16. 有大量需求• 17. 经济损失• 18. 主要 / 重要商品• 19. 诉诸于……• 20. 一份提单

II. Sentence Translation.

• Much to our regret, we find that there is no stipulation of transshipment being allowed in the relative L/C.

• Such being the case, we have to ask you to extend the shipment date and validity of your L/C to November 15 and November 30 respectively.

• All the documents required under L/C have been sent to the bank concerned in due time.

• An irrevocable L/C gives your exports the protection of a banker's guarantee.

New Lecture

Background Knowledge• What dose packing refer to?• 包装是指在流通过程中，为保护产品、方

便储运、促进销售，依据不同情况而采用的容器、材料、辅助物及所进行的操作的总称。

• 适合产品特点的运输包装可以减少产品在运输过程中可能出现的损坏，同时还可以方便运输、装载和储存；此外，良好的包装可以美化产品，提高竞争力，扩大销路。

Functions of PackingFunctions of Packing

• The ultimate purpose of packing is to keep the transported goods in perfect condition with nothing missing on arrival. Good packing must be able to stand the roughest transportation.

包装的自然功能——物质功能或实用功能 • A. 保护功能：即保护产品的内容、形态、质量、

性能、保护消费者安全使用产品 • B. 方便功能：方便开启使用，打开包装就能立

刻消费产品 • a. 便于搬运装卸 • b. 方便生产加工、周转、装入、封合、贴 标、

堆码等 • c. 方便仓储保管与货物、商品信息识别 • d. 方便商店货架陈列展示与销售 • e. 方便消费者携带、开启、方便消费应用 • f. 方便包装废弃物的分类回收处理

包装的社会功能——精神功能或审美功能 • A. 助销功能 • B. 通过包装的图文说明，引导消费者正

确地消费产品 • C. 通过包装体现特定商品的文化品位，

给人以愉悦的感受，创造附加值 • D. 通过包装体现企业的品牌信誉和一个

国家和地区的政治、经济、文化艺术面貌

• E. 包装设计与包装治理，关系到人们的生活方式的变化与生态环境的保护

Catagories of Packing

• 1. Transport packing (usually known as outer packing （外包装或大包装） )

• Transport packing is done mainly to keep the goods safe and sound during transportation. It must not only be solid enough to prevent the packed goods from any damage, but also pilferage-proof, easy to store, convenient to load and unload.

• 2.Sales packing (usually known as inner packing （内包装或小包装） )

• Sales packing is done mainly to push sales. It can be realized in various forms and with different materials as long as it is nice to look at, easy to handle and helpful to the sales.

The features of outer packing should be :

• beautiful and durable( 漂亮、耐用 )

• easy to load and unload （易于装运和卸载）

• suited for long distance transportation（适合长途运输）

• proof against damage （防止受损）• waterproof/ shakeproof （防水 / 防

震）• standardized （标准）

The features of inner packing should be:

• novel and pleasing （新颖、宜人）• small and exquisite （娇小而别致）• look appearing （诱人）• suitable for window display （适合

橱窗展览）• easy to publicize and sell goods

（易于推销给公众）

包装的具体分类• 1．按产品经营方式分：内销产品包装、

出口产品包装、特殊产品包装； • 2．按包装在流通过程中的作用分：有单件包装、中包装和外包装等；

• 3．按包装制品材料分：有纸制品包装、塑料制品包装、金属包装、竹木器包装、玻璃容器包装和复合材料包装等；

• 4．按包装使用次数分：有一次用包装、多次用包装和周转包装等；

• 5．按包装容器的软硬程度分：有硬包装、半硬包装和软包装等；

• 6．按产品种类分：有食品包装、药品包装、机电产品设器包装、危险品包装等；

• 7．按功能分：有运输包装、贮藏包装和销售包装等；

• 8．按包装技术方法分：有防震包装、防湿包装、防锈包装、防霉包装等 。

Packing Marks （包装唛头 ）• 外贸中的“唛头”是运输标志另一种称呼，是

为了便于识别货物，防止错发货，通常由型号，图形或收货单位简称，目的港，件数或批号等组成。通常是由一个简单的几何图形和一些字母、数字及简单的文字组成，其作用在于使货物在装卸、运输、保管过程中容易被有关人员识别，以防错发错运。其主要内容包括：（ 1 ）收货人代号；（ 2 ）发货人代号；（ 3 ）目的港（地）名称；（ 4 ）件数、批号。此外，有的运输标志还包括原产地、合同号、许可证号和体积与重量等内容。运输标志的内容繁简不一，由买卖双方根据商品特点和具体要求商定。

• Associated with packing is the marking of goods. Packing and marking are a part of the export business, for whatever mode of transport is adopted, the product will require proper packing and clear marking.

• Shipping marks

• Indicative marks

• Warning marks

Writing Strategy• Letters about packing issues should be

concise and clear. In such letters, the seller can describe in detail to the buyer his customary packing of the goods concerned and also indicate clearly that he may accept an required packing at the expense of the buyer. The buyer can inform the seller of any formerly unexpected requirements or fears about the packing. Any changes regarding packing stipulated in the contract should be mutually discussed before shipment.

Textbook

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Proposing

Packing

Requiremen

ts

Acceptance of

Packing Requirements

Disagreement to Packing Terms

Inability to Meet

the Packing

Requirements

Section1 Proposing Packing Requirements

Letter 1• Dear Sirs,• We thank you for your letter dated October 10, enclosing

the above sales contract in duplicate but we have to ① ②state that the packing clause in the contract is not clear enough. The relative clause should read:

• Packing: Seaworthy export packing, suitable for long distance ocean transportation.

• In order to avoid possible future trouble, we would like you to make clear before hand our packing requirement as follows:

• The tea under the captioned contract should be packed in international standard tea boxes, 24 boxes on a pallet, and 10 pallets in an FCL container. On the outer packing please mark our initial SCC in a diamond , under which the port of ③destination and our order number should be stenciled. In addition, warning marks like KEEP DRY, USE NO HOOK, ④etc. should also be indicated.

• We look forward to receiving your shipping advice and thank you in advance.

• Yours faithfully

Language Points1. enclosing the above sales contract 随信附上

销售合同enclose v. 随信附上，随信装入e.g. Please enclose a cheque with your order. 请您随订单附上支票。enclosure n. ( 信中的 ) 附件，装入物2. in duplicate 一式两份duplicate v./n. 复制，复写e.g. It can duplicate the movements of the

human hand. 它能模仿人手的活动。3. in a diamond 用菱形的图案4. warning marks 警告性 / 提示性唛头

Section1 Proposing Packing Requirements

Letter 2• Dear Sirs, • We enclose the countersigned copy of contract

No.280 of 3April, for 400 bales of printed cottons. The letter of credit is on its way to you.①

• Please mark the bales with our initials, with the destination and contract number as follows:

• KT• SHANGHAI• 280• This will apply to all shipments unless otherwise ②

instructed.• Please advise us by fax as soon as shipment is

effected.• Yours faithfully

Language Points

1. The letter of credit is on its way to you.

有关信用证也已寄出。2. apply to: 适用于e.g. New technology is being

applied to almost every industrial process.

新技术正被应用到几乎所有工业流程。

Section1 Proposing Packing Requirements

Letter 3• Dear Sirs, • Taking into account the specialty of this ①

article, we request you to pack this cargo with your best care .②

• Please note that each cargo is requested to be wrapped up in oil-paper and ③packed in a zinc-lined cases.

• All cargoes are required to be marked and numbered on the outside.

• Please minimize the packing expenses as we expect it to be heavy.

• Yours,

Language Points1. taking into account 考虑到e.g. Taking into account the possible future

problems, we strongly recommend you handle clear of it.

考虑到未来可能发生的问题，我们强烈建议你方仔细处理干净此事。

2. with your best care 格外小心e.g. Please check the cargo with your best

care. 请格外仔细地清点货物。3. be required to be 被要求，需要…e.g. The students are required to be polite

on campus. 学生在学校要有礼貌。

Section2 Acceptance of Packing Requirement Letter 1

• Dear Sirs,• Thank you for your letter of 23rd May. We now take the

pleasure in informing you that we accept your terms of packing.

• In the letter mentioned above, you said, “The Wool Sweaters must be packed each in a polythene bag with an inner lining of stout waterproof materials and then in a ①cardboard box, 10 dozen to a carton. Each carton is lined with a polythene sheet and secured by overall strapping”. ④Now we write to assure you that we will pack the Wool Sweater exactly according to your instructions and the ②goods will arrive at your port save and sound . But we are ③afraid that we shall to charge a little more for the designated packing , it would amount to about $ 90, as it ⑤ ⑥calls for extra labor and cost.

• Awaiting your reply.• Yours sincerely,

Language Points1. line n. 行， v. 加衬，衬里 Each carton is lined with a polythene sheet and secured by overall strapping. 纸板箱均内衬一层塑料布，并用带子全面捆扎加固。

lining n. 衬里，衬套，内层 The Wool Sweaters must be packed each in a

polythene bag with an inner lining of stout waterproof materials and then in cardboard box, 10 dozen to a carton.

羊毛衫必须一件装一个聚乙烯塑料袋，内衬坚固防水材料，然后装入硬纸盒， 10 打装一纸箱。

2. according to = in accordance with 按照，根据

Language Points3. save and sound 安全完好地 in sound/perfect/good condition 状况良好 The goods arrived in good condition. 货物安全到达。 in a damaged condition 损坏状态 in a moldy condition 受潮状态4. polythene / polyethylene bag 聚乙烯袋 5. designated packing 指定包装6. amount to… v. 合计为，等于 The weight amounts to 78,000lbs. 重量合计为

78000磅。 Your reply amounts to a refusal of our request. 你

的答复等于拒绝我们的请求。

Section2 Acceptance of Packing Requirement

Letter 2• Dear Sir, • In reply to your email of Oct. 20 inquiring about the packing

of our wind musical instruments, we wish to answer as follows:

• Our instruments are packed in strong polythene bags, one bag for trumpet, a dozen of trumpets to a carton, 200 cartons to a 20’ container. Mouth organs are packed in boxes, one box lined with stout, damp-resisting paper for one mouth organ, 80 boxes to a carton, 220 cartons to a 20’ container. Your required shipping mark is also stenciled on the package. If you have any good ideas in this respect, please let us know ASAP so as to improve our packing ①for the next shipment.

• The first two containers will be shipped out from Shanghai by the end of this month.

• Best wishes,• Yours sincerely,

Language Points

1. ASAP as soon as possible

越快越好，尽早

Section2 Acceptance of Packing Requirement

Letter 3• Dear Sirs,• We noted your letter of October 29 carefully and approached

our clients about the packing. After our repeated explanation , they say they will have no objection to your ① ②packing of the garments in cartons if you guarantee that you will pay compensation in all cases they cannot get indemnification from the insurance company for the reason that the carton used are not seaworthy.

• We deem it our duty to inform you of this and consider it a ③tacit understanding that should be the insurance company ④refuse compensation, you would hold yourselves responsible for the losses our clients might sustain on account of your ⑥using such cartons.

• We think you will understand that our candid statement is made for our mutual benefits as packing is a sensitive subject , which often leads to trade dispute.⑤

• We appreciate your cooperation.• Yours sincerely,

Language Points1. repeated explanation 反复解释2. have (an) objection to 反对 e.g. The teenagers always have

objection to their parents’ advices.

青少年总是反对他们父母的建议。3. deem it one’s duty to 认为是…的义务 e.g. As a teacher, he deems it his duty

to teach people and lecture knowledge.

作为老师，他认为教书育人是他的职责。

Language Points

4. tacit understanding 默契5. sensitive subject 敏感话题6. on account of 由于，因为 e.g. On account of lack of food,

a lot of people died in that attack.

由于缺乏食物，很多人在那场袭击中死了。

Section3 Disagreement to Packing TermsLetter 1

• Gentlemen,• We regret to inform you that of the 150 cartons of

machine parts delivered to us, 2 were found broken and some of the contents were badly damaged clearly through improper packing .①

• In view of our long-standing business relations , we ②would not lodge a claim against you for the loss this ③time. But we feel it necessary to stress the importance of trustworthy packing for our future dealings.

• Usually valves and all delicate machines parts should ④be wrapped in soft material packed in cardboard boxes . These in turn are to be packed in wooden cases ⑤in such a manner that movement inside the cases is impossible. Besides, rope or metal handle should be fixed to the cases to facilitate carrying .⑥

• We look forward to your comments on the above.• Yours truly,

Language Points1. through improper packing 由于包装不妥2. long-standing business relations

长期的业务关系3. lodge a claim against you 向你方提出索赔4.valves and all delicate machines parts

阀门及所有易损零件5.cardboard boxes 硬纸板6.rope or metal handle should be fixed to the

cases to facilitate carrying

把绳子或金属把手固定在箱子上以便于装运

Section3 Disagreement to Packing TermsLetter 2

• Dear Sirs, • On May 20th, we received your consignment of 40

cardboard cartons of steel screws .①• We regret to inform you that 10 cartons were

delivered damaged and the contents had spilled , ②leading to some losses.

• We accept that the damage was not your fault but feel that we must modify our packing requirements to ③avoid future losses.

• We require that future packing be in wooden cases of 20 kilos net, each wooden case containing 40 cardboard boxes of 500 grams net .④ ⑤

• Please let us know whether these specifications can be met by you and whether they will lead to an increase in your prices.

• We look forwards to your early information. • Yours faithfully,

Language Points

1. steel screw 钢螺钉2. spill v. 散落；洒散3. modify v. 修改，修饰；更改 e.g. How to modify my personal

information? 如何修改我的个人信息？4. gram n. 克（重量或质量单位） [尤英

国英语亦作 gramme]5. net n. 净重；净利

Section3 Inability to Meet Shipment Date Demand

Letter 3• Dear Sirs, • We thank you for your above order of October 15 and

have pleasure in informing you that we can accept all the terms but the packing.

• We would like to recommend you our latest package, which is economical and strong. The packing mentioned ①in your order was of the old method we adopted several ②years ago. From then on we have improved it with the result that our recent goods have all turned out to the ③complete satisfaction of our clients.

• Our Men’s Shirts are now packed in a polybag and then in a cardboard box, 5 dozen to a carton, with a gross weight about 25 kilograms. Each carton is lined with a polythene sheet , so that the content is protected from moisture.④

• We are awaiting your prompt reply and wondering if our proposal meets your requirement.

• Yours faithfully.

Language Points1. economical a. 经济的，节约的 e.g. When choosing a product, the majority of

customers prefer the economical ones. 在选择产品的时候，多数消费者偏向经济型产品。2. adopt v. 采用，采纳e.g. Since its adopting of the new policy, the sales of

the company are rising year by year. 采用新政策以来，公司的销售额一年比一年多。3. turn out 产生……的结果；结果成为 e.g. Everything turned out to be well. 结果一切都很好。 We hope everything will turn out satisfactory in

the end. 我们希望最终一切都令人满意。4. polythene sheet 塑料纸

Section 4 Inability to Meet the Packing Requirement Letter 1

• Dear Sirs, • Your fax of July 6 has just come to hand .①• We regret our inability to agree to your proposals to

pack the goods in cartons, because transshipment has to be made at Shanghai for the goods to be shipped to our port.

• We must insist on the packing as specified in our ②enquiry: the goods should be packed in strong and damp-proof wooden cases, capable of withstanding rough handling during ocean transportation. Please note that in the event of order, should there be any damage and/ or loss to the goods due to improper ③packing, we shall have to approach you for indemnification.

• Please fax us your comments as soon as possible.• Yours sincerely,

Language Points1.come to hand 接到e.g. The order has just come to hand. 刚接到订单。2. insist on 坚持 e.g. The old lady insisted on that it is the

supermarket’s responsibility for her illness. 老太坚持她生病的原因在那家超市。3. damage and/ or loss 损失 e.g. The losses includes damage caused by

heat, ship’s sweat and odor, hoop-rust, breakage of packing

损失包括受热 , 船舱发汗，串味，铁箍锈损，包装破裂所致的损失

Section 4 Inability to Meet the Packing Requirement

Letter 2• Dear Sirs,• We thank you for your Quotation No.153 on Round Steel Bars.①• We regret to inform you that among the eight lots of Round Steel

Bars that arrived here per M/V “Jing Hua” on June 7, 2009 were six bundles of different grades, which were in scattered and ②mixed condition because their packing was not sufficiently strong and their iron hoops were broken in transit . Since it was very ③difficult to assort them, inconvenience and losses that occurred. Although we had in time notified you of such unfortunate things that occurred before, the present case has showed that our comments were ignored, for no improvement in packing has been made.

• Therefore, we must have your promise to take effective measures to improve your packing before we could book this ④new order with you.

• We await your early reply.• Yours faithfully,

Language Points

1. quotation n. 报价单2. bundle n. 捆，束3.transit n. 运输4. take effective measures 采取有效措施

Section 4 Inability to Meet the Packing RequirementLetter 3

• Dear Sirs, • We thank you for your packing instruction , but ①

regret to inform you that we can not comply with ②your request for packing.

• In view of our long business relations and our ③amicable cooperation prospects, we suggest that you accept the following proposals:

• The bed sheet will be packed 10 dozen to a packet, 4 packets to a carton and 6 cartons to a crate.

• Your initials will be stenciled in a diamond instead of the full name.

• In addition to the gross and net weights, the shipping marks outside the crate should stencil the words “MADE IN CHINA”.

• Your early reply will be highly appreciated.• Yours faithfully,

Language Points1. packing instruction 包装要求，包装须知2. comply with 满足；依照 e.g. We hope you will be able to comply with our

request. 希望你方能按我方要求办理。 in comply with 依从，按照 e.g. Please make us a firm offer in compliance with

our requirement. 请按照我们的要求报实盘。3. in view of 鉴于，考虑到 e.g. In view of the fragile nature of the goods, you

need special packing precaution against breakage. 鉴于货物易碎的特点，你方需要采取特别的包装措施

以预防破碎。

Glossary 1• 1.seaworthy export packing 适合 海运的出口包装

• 2.initials 开头字母 • 3.stencile 刷上 • 4. stencil v. 用模板印刷 n. 模板 • 5. KEEP DRY, USE NO HOOK 保持干燥，切勿用钩

它们是刷在出口货物上的货物标记，称作“特别指示或警告”，通常需要大写。

Glossary 2• 1.packing charges 包装费用• 2.packing list 装箱单• 3.neutral packing 中性包装• 4. in defective condition 情况不很完整，有 瑕疵

• 5. breakage-proof 防破损• 6. shake-proof 防震• 7. water-proof 　防水• 8. leakage-proof 防漏• 9. seaworthy packing 适合海运包装• 10. bulk cargo 散装货物

Glossary 3• 1.inner packing 内包装• 2.outer packing 外包装• 3.in damaged condition 已有破损• 4. collective packing 组合包装• 5. indicative mark 指示性标志• 6. cargo mark 货运编号• 7.counter mark 副标记• 8.cargo vessel 货船• 9.guard against damp 防治潮湿• 10. FCL= Full Container Load 整箱装箱

Glossary 4• 1. transshipment 转运 • 2. enquiry 询问，询价单 • 3. damp-proof 防水的 • 4. withstand 承受，承担 • 5. indemnification 赔偿，赔偿金• 6. warning marks 警示性标志• 7. gross weight 毛重• 8. net weight 净重• 9. tare weight 皮重

Useful Expressions• We have no objection to the stipulations

about the packing and shipping mark.

• The machines must be well protected against dampness, moisture, rust and shock.

• Each carton is lined with a polythene sheet and secured by overall strapping, thus preventing the contents from dampness and possible damage through rough handling.

• We usually have our screws packed in double gunny bags of 60 kgs. each.

• We can meet your requirements to have the goods packed in wooden cases but you have to bear the extra packing charge.

• We give you on the attached sheet full details regarding packing and marking. These must be strictly observed.

• As it is necessary to make transshipment at Singapore for the goods to be shipped to our port, your packing must be seaworthy and strong enough to stand rough handling during transit.

• In fact, this packing is both shockproof and waterproof. Nevertheless we have still marked the cartons with warnings like “FRAGILE”, “USE NO HOOK” and “DO NOT DROP”.

• We want the sweaters to be packed each in a polybag, 10 dozen to a carton lined with waterproof paper.

• They are afraid of that if the good are damaged or robbed, the insurance company will not compensate due to its not sea-worthy packing.

• If you have no objection, we will pack the goods with our traditional method.

Exercises• Choose the best to complete each of

the following sentences.

1. Please see to it that the _____ is suitable for a long sea voyage.

A. pack B. package C. packing D. packed 2. We ______ our shirts in plastic-lined, waterproof

cartons, reinforced with metal straps. A. put B. place C. pack D. fix3. A through examination showed that the broken

kegs were due to importer _______ for which the suppliers should definitely be responsible.

A. pack B. packing C. package D. repack

4. The packing must be strong enough ______ rough handling.

A. withstand B. withstanding C. to withstand D. to be withstood

5. The repot of survey revealed that the damage is _____ improper packing.

A. contributed to B. because C. because of D. attributable to

6. Pens are packed 12 pieces _____ a box and 200 boxes ______ a wooden case.

A. to, in B. in, to C. to, to D. to, of 7. You know that the appearance of the ________

contributes greatly to the sales of the consumer goods.

A. packing B. package C. pack D. packed

8. The buyer suggested that the packing of this article _____ improved.

A. be B. was to be C. would be D. had to be

9. We are confident that our crate for the goods are not only _____ but also strong to protect the goods from any possible damage.

A. fit for sea B. seaworthy C. seaworth D. for sea

10. _______ that it is necessary to take precautions to protect the goods from moisture, you should insure them against Fresh and Rain Water Damage Risks.

A. Considering B. To consider C. Consider D. Considered

Translate the following letter into Chinese.

• Dear Sirs,• Please pack this machine in a strong wooden

case and wrap and pad generously all polished parts of the machine to avoid scratches and knocks against the container.

• Also please put the machine in a case of 10 cubic meters covered with waterproof cloth and strapped vertically and horizontally with metal bands and cut vent holes in the case to minimize condensation.

• Yours,