7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

1/21

. - 2012

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS AND ELECTRONICS

9:

1

999.1

. ... (I )

. ... (I )

2

, . . . . , , . ,

, . ... (IV )

, . . . . , , . ,

, . ... (IV )

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

2/21

999.1

,

. , .

,

. , .

3

, . (AC)

.

, . (AC)

.

999.1

4

Nikola Tesla (18561943) George Westinghouse (18461914)

, , . , , .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

3/21

999.2

Alternating Current . Alternating Current .

5

[rad/s]

[rad/s]

.

.

999.2

6

1888 Heinrich Rudolf Hertz:

, .

, ,,

Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (18571894)

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

4/21

999.2

: :

7

999.2

: :

8

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

5/21

999.2

: :

9

.

999.2

: , , , . : , , , .

10

/

.

::::

: :

::

::

.

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

6/21

999.2

: . : .

11

999.3

. .

12

1893 (- , ) . 1893 (- , ) .

Charles Proteus Steinmetz (18651923)

Steinmetz was born in Breslau, Germany, and he was forced

to leave Germany because of his political activities just as he

was about to complete his doctoral dissertation in

mathematics at the University of Breslau. He migrated to

Switzerland and later to the United States, where he was

employed by General Electric in 1893. That same year, he

published a paper in which complex numbers were used to

analyze ac circuits for the first time. This led to one of his

many textbooks, Theory and Calculation of ac Phenomena,

published by McGraw-Hill in 1897. In 1901, he became the

president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers,which later became the IEEE.

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

7/21

999.3

13

? ?

999.3

14

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

8/21

999.3

()- : ()- :

15

: :

: :

v(t) . v(t) .

v(t) . v(t) .

t=0 .t=0 .

999.3

(Real) (Real)

16

. . . .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

9/21

999.3

17

. .

- -

- -

- -

- -

999.3

18

/

/

:

1. v(t) .

2. v(t) .3. v(t) .

:

1. v(t) .

2. v(t) .3. v(t) .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

10/21

999.3

: . : .

19

/

. . .

. .

. . .

. .

.. .

/ . . / . . , . , .

999.3

: . : .

20

.

. .

.

.

.

.

......

. . . .

...... ..

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

11/21

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

12/21

999.3

: .

) )

: .

) )

23

. .

..

..

. . . . .

. .

.

999.4

24

: :

. .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

13/21

999.4

25

: . : .

90 . 90 .

999.4

26

: . : .

90 . 90 .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

14/21

999.4

27

: 0.1 . : 0.1 .

.

90 . 90

.

999.5

28

. .

, . , .

. .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

15/21

999.5

29

(reactance) .

(reactance) .

: :

RL, RC R :RL, RC R :

999.5

30

. .

. . . .

:Conductance:Conductance

:Susceptance:Susceptance

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

16/21

999.5

31

: v(t) i(t) . : v(t) i(t) .

: :

: : /

: : : :

. . .

. . . .

. . . . . .

. .

. .

999.5

32

: v(t) i(t) . : v(t) i(t) .

: :

: : /

. . : : : :

..

. . .

.

. .

. .

. .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

17/21

999.6

33

. .

: :

. .

999.7 ,

34

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

18/21

999.7 ,

35

.

.

999.7 ,

36

: . : .

/

.

. .

. .

. .

. .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

19/21

999.7 ,

37

: vo(t) . : vo(t) .

.

.

.. ..

..

. .

999.7 ,

38

: Zeq

. : Zeq

.

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

20/21

999.7 ,

39

: Zeq

. : Zeq

.

. .

. .

.

999.7 ,

40

: Zeq

. : Zeq

.

. . . . . . . . .

.

. . .

. . . . .

. ..

.. . .

7/24/2019 Chapter #9 (2013.02)

21/21

999.8

41

(a) , (b) (a) , (b)

999.8