chapter 9, 10, 11
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Chapter 9, 10, 11. Product Architecture, Industrial Design, Design for Manufacturing. Chapter 9: Product Architecture. Product Architecture has 2 elements: Functional – individual operations and transformations that contribute to the overall performance of the product - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Product Architecture, Industrial Design, Design for Manufacturing
Chapter 9: Product ArchitectureProduct Architecture has 2 elements:
Functional – individual operations and transformations that contribute to the overall performance of the product
Physical – parts, components, and subassemblies that implement the product function
Creating modules or building blocks can help in organization and manufacturing
Implications of the ArchitectureDecisions of architecture can affect many
issues:Product change
Upgrades, Add-ons, Adaptation, Wear, Consumption, Flexibility in use, Reuse
Product varietyComponent standardizationProduct performanceManufacturabilityProduct development management
ExamplesExhibit 9-4 pg 169 – Swatch watch
Example – F-150
Example – Sport Trac
Establishing Architecture Steps1. Create a schematic of the product
Layout of the components, their hierarchy and interactions
2. Cluster the elements of the schematicGroup the components into clusters based on: Geometric integration and precision Function sharing Capabilities of vendors Similarity of design or production technology Localization of change Accommodating variety Enabling standardization Portability of the interfaces
Establishing Architecture Steps3. Create the rough geometry
Create a rough, basic 3-D and 2-D sketches4. Identify the fundamental and incidental
interactions Likely the functional groups or clusters will be
assigned to the respective areas of expertise for further design. As a cross functional team the interaction between groups should be know
Fundamental interactions – interactions of components based on function of the product
Incidental interactions – interactions that arise from physical arangement
Delayed DifferentiationOn occasion variations in architecture will be
delayed until further in the Supply Chain.Examples – voltage components, product
variation or customer orderingDesign evolves around the customized group
to allow for the options
Chapter 11: Design for ManufacturingDetail design decisions have a substantial
impact on final product quality and costDevelopment teams face multiple and often
conflicting goalsImportant to have metrics to compare
alternative designsDramatic improvements often require
substantial creative efforts early in the processWell-defined method makes the decision-
making process much easier
DFMRequires a cross-functional team, internal to the
organization and external experts, as well as vendors
Performed throughout the processOverview:
1. Estimate the manufacturing costs2. Reduce the costs of components3. Reduce the costs of assembly4. Reduce the cost of supporting production5. Consider the impact of DFM decision on other
facors
Estimate the Manufacturing $Manufacturing $ = ∑Input costs
Raw material Purchased components Employees effort Energy Equipment
Component $Assembly $Overhead $
Estimating the Manufacturing $Fixed $ vs. Variable $
Fixed - $ spent regardless of the quantity of products sold
Variable - $ spent that changes based on the quantity of products sold
Estimate the $ of standard componentsEstimate the $ of custom componentsEstimate the $ of assemblyEstimate the $ of overhead cost
Reduce the $ of ComponentsUnderstand the process constraints and cost
driversRedesign components to eliminate processing
stepsChoose an appropriate Economic scaleStandardize components and processes
Reduce the $ of Assembly - DFAIntegrate partsMaximize ease of assembly
Parts inserted from the top of the assyPart is self-aligningPart does not need to be orientedPart requires only one hand for assyPart requires no toolsPart is assembled in a single, linear motionPart is secured imediately upon insertion
Reduce the $ of Supporting ProductionMinimize systemic complexityError proofing
Consider the impact of DFMThe impact of DFM on development timeThe impact of DFM on development costThe impact of DFM on product qualityThe impact of DFM on external factors
Component reuseLife cycle cost