Chapter 8: The Mole – Part 1

What is Avogadro’s favorite saying from American History?

The Mole

• A mole is Avogadro’s number of particles, that is 6.02 × 1023 particles.

• 1 mol = Avogadro’s Number

= 6.02 × 1023 particles

How Big is a Mole?

• Where would you need to go to see 1 mole of rice grains?

How Big is a Mole?

• 1 mole of rice grains is more than the number of rice grown since the beginning of time?

How Big is a Mole?• The worlds fastest supercomputer can count the

world’s population in ¼ second. How long would it take this computer to count to 1 mole?

How Big is a Mole?• The worlds fastest supercomputer can count the

world’s population in ¼ second. It would take this computer 1.9 million years to count to 1 mole?

How Big is a Mole?

One mole of marbles would cover the entire Earth (oceans included) for a depth of three miles.

One mole of $100 bills stacked one on top of another would reach from the Sun to Pluto and back 7.5 milliontimes.

It would take light 9500 years to travel from the bottom to the top of a stack of 1 mole of $100 bills.

How Big is a Mole?• Where would you

need to go to see 1 mole of water.

World’s Fastest Super Computervs.

Super Teacher

The Marble Contest

What is the mass in grams exactly 1 mole of water?

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu

1 mol H2O

What is the mass in grams exactly 1 mole of water?

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu

1 mol H2O

mol H2O

6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

What is the mass in grams exactly 1 mole of water?

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu

1 mol H2O

mol H2O

6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

molecule H2O

18.0 amu

What is the mass in grams exactly 1 mole of water?

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu

1 mol H2O

mol H2O

6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

molecule H2O

18.0 amu

amu

1.66 x 10-24 g

What is the mass in grams exactly 1 mole of water?

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu

1 mol H2O

mol H2O

6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

molecule H2O

18.0 amu

amu

1.66 x 10-24 g

= 18.0 g

1 mol H2O = 18.0g

• This is the gram formula mass of water.

• This is the molar mass of water.

• The gram formula mass (molar mass) is the molecular mass of the substance in grams.

What is the mass of 1 mol sucrose (C12H22O11)

1 mol sucrose (C12H22O11) = 342.0g

• 12 x 12.0 = 144.0

• 22 x 1.0 = 22.0

• 11 x 16.0 = 176.0

gfm = 342.0 g

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How did scientists come up with such a random number for the mole?

• It’s really not random at all. It is really just based on a ratio that you already know.

• 1.66 x 10-24 g/amu.

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C 12.0 g C

mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C 12.0 g C 1 amu

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C 12.0 g C 1 amu C atom

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 12.0 amu

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C 12.0 g C 1 amu C atom

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 12.0 amu

= 6.02 x 1023 C atoms/mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1 mol C 12.0 g C 1 amu C atom

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 12.0 amu

= 6.02 x 1023 C atoms/mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many atoms are in exactly one mole of carbon?

1

1.66 x 10-24= 6.02 x 1023

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O 18.0 g H2O

mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O 18.0 g H2O 1 amu

mol H2O 1.66 x 10-24 g

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O 18.0 g H2O 1 amu H2O molecule

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 18.0 amu

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O 18.0 g H2O 1 amu H2O molecule

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 18.0 amu

= 6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules/mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1 mol H2O 18.0 g H2O 1 amu H2O molecule

mol 1.66 x 10-24 g 18.0 amu

= 6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules/mol

Why 6.02 x 1023

• How many molecules are in exactly one mole of water?

1

1.66 x 10-24= 6.02 x 1023