chapter 8 -- organizing the body of the speech

5/21/2018 Chapter 8 -- Organizing the Body of the Speech

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Stephen E. Lucas

C H A P T E R

McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.

8

Organizing the Body

of the Speech


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Slide 2


Strategic Organization

Putting a speech together in aparticular way to achieve a

particular result with a particular

audience.


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Slide 3


Main Points

The major points developed in thebody of a speech.


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Slide 4


Tips for Preparing

Main Points

Keep main points separate

Try to use the same patternof wording for main points

Balance the amount of time

devoted to main points


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Slide 5


Chronological Order

A method of speech organization inwhich the main points follow a time

pattern.


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Slide 6


Chronological Order

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience how theGreat Wall of China was built.

Main Points: I. Building of the Great Wall beganduring the Qin dynasty of

221-206 B.C.

II. New sections of the Great Wallwere added during the Handynasty of 206 B.C.-220 A.D.

III. The Great Wall was completedduring the Ming Dynasty of1368-1644.


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Slide 7


Spatial Order

A method of speech organization inwhich the main points follow a

directional pattern.


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Slide 8


Spatial Order

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about thestructure of a hurricane.

Main Points: I. At the center of a hurricane is thecalm, cloud-free eye.

II. Surrounding the eye is theeyewall, a dense ring of cloudsthat produces the most intensewind and rainfall.

III. Rotating around the eyewall arelarge bands of clouds andprecipitation called spiral rainbands.


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Slide 9


Causal Order

A method of speech organization inwhich the main points show a cause-

effect relationship.


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Slide 10


Causal Order

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the

possible causes for the collapse

of Mayan civilization.

Main Points: I. Mayan civilization flourished forover a thousand years until 900

A.D., when it mysteriously began

to disintegrate. (EFFECT)

II. Scholars have advanced threemajor explanations for the causes

of this disintegration. (CAUSE)


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Slide 11


Problem-Solution Order

A method of speech organization in

which the first main point deals withthe existence and seriousness of a

problem and the second main point

presents a solution to the problem.


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Slide 12


Problem-Solution Order

Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience thatlegislation is needed to controlthe abuses of fraudulent charityfund-raisers.

Main Points: I. Fraudulent charity fund-raisinghas become a widespreadnational problem.

II. The problem can be solved by acombination of governmentinitiative and individualawareness.

Slid 13


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Slide 13


Topical Order

A method of speech organization inwhich the main points divide the topicinto logical and consistent subtopics.

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Slide 14


Topical Order

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience aboutthe achievements of IdaWells-Barnett.

Main Points: I. As a teacher, Wells-Barnett spokeout against inferior schoolfacilities for African-Americanchildren.

II. As a journalist, Wells-Barnettcampaigned against lynching.

III. As a civic organizer, Wells-Barnett helped found the NAACP.

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Slide 15


Tips for Preparing

Main Points

Keep main points separate

Use the same pattern of wording formain points

Balance the time devoted to main

points

Slide 16


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Slide 16


Supporting Materials

The materials used to support aspeakers ideas.

Slide 17


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Slide 17


Connective

A word or phrase that connects theideas of a speech and indicates the

relationship between them.

Slide 18


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Slide 18


Types of Connectives

Transition

Internal preview

Internal summary

Signpost

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Slide 19


Transition

A word or phrase that indicates whena speaker has finished one thought

and is moving on to another.

Slide 20


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Slide 20


Transitions

Now that we have seenhow drinkingtoo much is a serious problem for

students and their communities,let us look atsome causes.

So much forthe present; what aboutthe future?

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Slide 21


Internal Preview

A statement in the body of the speechthat lets the audience know what the

speaker is going to discuss next.

Slide 22


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Slide 22


Internal Preview

In discussing how Asian Americans

have been stereotyped in the massmedia, well look first at the origins of

the problem and second at its

continuing impact today.

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Slide 23


Transition Combined with anInternal Preview

(Transition):Now that we have seen howserious the problem of faulty credit reportsis, lets look at some solutions.

(Internal Preview): I will focus on threesolutionsinstituting tighter governmentregulation of credit bureaus, holding creditbureaus financially responsible for theirerrors, and giving individuals easieraccess to their credit reports.

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Slide 24


Internal Summary

A statement in the body of the speechthat summarizes the speakers

preceding point or points.

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25/28McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.

Internal SummaryIn short, palm reading is an ancient

art. Developed in China more than

5,000 years ago, it was practiced in

classical Greece and Rome, flourished

during the Middle Ages, survived the

Industrial Revolution, and remainspopular today.

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26/28McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.

Signpost

A very brief statement that indicateswhere a speaker is in the speech or

that focuses attention on key ideas.

Slide 27


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Signposts

The first causeof this problem is inefficient

agricultural production.

The second causeis recurrent drought in the

affected countries.

The final causeis mismanagement of

available food resources by local leaders.

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chapter 8 -- organizing the body of the speech

Documents

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main points5212018 chapter

speech5212018 chapter

cause5212018 chapter

main pointsthe major

preparingmain points

p t e rmcgrawhil

spatial orderspecific