Chapter 8

Drug Abuse

Data on illicit drug use

Two developments important for explaining today’s drug use

Patterns of opioid drug use over a 20-year period in ten heroin addicts

Continuum of drug use

Models of Drug AbuseThe moral model of addiction

Models of Drug AbuseThe physical dependence model of addiction

Problems with model:

1.

2.

3.

Withdrawal and explaining continued drug use Negative reinforcement

Models of Drug Abuse The positive reinforcement model of addiction

Models of Drug AbuseThe original opponent–process model of motivation

Models of Drug AbuseThe original opponent–process model of motivationClassical conditioning of drug-related cues

Models of Drug AbuseDisease Model of Addiction

Models of Drug Abuse“Gateway” theory of drug use

Models of Drug AbuseBiopsychosocial model (still in development)Reasons for early experimental with drugs