chapter 6 section 1. republic patrician plebian tribune consul senate dictator legion ...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 6 Section 1
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Republic Patrician Plebian Tribune Consul
Senate Dictator legion Hannibal
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All roads lead to Rome
Rome was not built in a day
When in Rome do as the Romans do
How did a tiny city grow into a major power?
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Large boot shaped Sticks out into
Mediterranean Midway between
eastern and western Mediterranean
North protected by high mountains
Sea provides protection
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Ruled by Latin kings
Etruscans ruled northern Italy
Metalworkers and jewelers
Influenced by the Greeks
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Middle of peninsula Romulus and Remus Latins arrived
around 1000 BC Location of Tiber
River Easy access to
trade route Easy access to the
sea
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Built first walls and sewers
Arch, building techniques
Alphabet and number system
System of government
Gladiator games Sculpture and
painting
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Republic-elected officials governed ruled
Patricians –heads of aristocratic families
Controlled every aspect of society
Maintained power through a patronage system
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Plebeians- common people
Plebeians refuse to fight in 494 BC
Patricians gave them rights
Plebian Council Elect officials like
the Tribune
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Tribunes job to protect plebeians
Veto- to stop or ban Forum- where
Roman laws were displayed
12 Tables was a victory for plebeians
Judges were forced to obey
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Constitution- a political structure
Senate – a body of 300 members
Various assemblies- where all citizens could vote
Magistrates took care of laws
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Consuls-chief executive• Elected for 1 year• Head of army and
navy Censors next in line
of power• Recorded city’s
population• How much property
people had• Filled Senate
vacancies
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Praetors-or judges Act as Consuls
when they were away at war
Had system of checks and balances• Each part of
government could constrain the other
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Thriving and vibrant Forum- the public
square Rich lived at Palatine Popular place for
shopping and gossip Farming and land
ownership noblest way to make money
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Senators banned from any other career than with land
Dictator-office with unlimited power
Cincinnatus gave up power to return to farming
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Military might• All men 17 to 46
required to serve in time of war
• Organized into legions
• Centurions-commissioned officers
• Command 100 men Well trained highly
disciplined
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265 BC controlled all of Italy
Few conditions on subjected people
Had to provide troops to Rome
Next was Sicily Came into conflict
with Carthage
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264 BC war between Rome and Carthage• Hannibal led
elephants across alps to invade Italy
• Hannibal dominated the Italian countryside
• Single battle kills or injures 50,000 Romans
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Hannibal- ravaged Italy and defeated every army
Rome placed a siege on Carthage
Hannibal withdrew 3rd time Rome won Destroyed Carthage Enslaved population
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Greeks sought alliance with Rome
Macedonia, Persia, Egypt fought each other
Greeks and Romans defeated them
Romans later annexed Greece
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Romans adopted a lot of Greek culture
Roman art and architecture
Famous works of Romans are copies of Greek pieces
Borrowed religion Zeus became
Jupiter
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Romans thought Rome should be pure
Dislike Greek influence
Tried to keep Greek styles out of Roman buildings