chapter 6 internet

Chapter 6Chapter 6

INTERNETINTERNET

INTERNETINTERNET IS A COLLECTION OF IS A COLLECTION OF

COMPUTERS THROUGHOUT COMPUTERS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD WHICH ARE THE WORLD WHICH ARE CONNECTED MOSTLY USING CONNECTED MOSTLY USING TELEPHONE LINES FOR THE TELEPHONE LINES FOR THE PURPOSE OF SHARING PURPOSE OF SHARING INFORMATION.INFORMATION.

WHO OWNS THE INTERNET?WHO OWNS THE INTERNET?

NO ORGANIZATION, CORPORATION NO ORGANIZATION, CORPORATION OR GOVERNMENT OWNS OR RUNS OR GOVERNMENT OWNS OR RUNS THE INTERNET.THE INTERNET.

NO ONE IS IN-CHARGE, BUT THERE NO ONE IS IN-CHARGE, BUT THERE ARE ORGANIZATIONS WHICH ARE ORGANIZATIONS WHICH DEVELOP THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS DEVELOP THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THIS NETWORK AND SET OF THIS NETWORK AND SET STANDARDS FOR CREATING STANDARDS FOR CREATING APPLICATIONS ON IT.APPLICATIONS ON IT.

HOW INTERNET COMMUNICATE HOW INTERNET COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER?WITH ONE ANOTHER?

THEY USE THE TRANSMISSION THEY USE THE TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP).PROTOCOL (TCP/IP).

THEY USE A CLIENT/SERVER THEY USE A CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE.ARCHITECTURE.

THEY USE SOFTWARE/EQUIPMENTS THEY USE SOFTWARE/EQUIPMENTS TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE LATEST ACCESS TECHNOLOGY.LATEST ACCESS TECHNOLOGY.

AT THE BEGGINNING IT WAS AT THE BEGGINNING IT WAS RESTRICTED TO UNIVERSITY RESTRICTED TO UNIVERSITY SCIENTIFIC RESEACHERS, WHO WERE SCIENTIFIC RESEACHERS, WHO WERE MOSTLY MEN.MOSTLY MEN.

BUT NOW, INTERNET GREW, SO BUT NOW, INTERNET GREW, SO PEOPLE OUTSIDE UNIVERSITIES USES PEOPLE OUTSIDE UNIVERSITIES USES INTERNET, THAT RESULTS TO A INTERNET, THAT RESULTS TO A WORLD WIDE WEB. W.W.W.WORLD WIDE WEB. W.W.W.

WHO USES THE INTERNET?WHO USES THE INTERNET?

COMPONENTS OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNETINTERNET

1.1. WORLD WIDE WEBWORLD WIDE WEB…is one of …is one of the protocols that lets you link to many the protocols that lets you link to many sites on the Internet. The basic unit is the sites on the Internet. The basic unit is the WEB PAGEWEB PAGE….a page can be one or ….a page can be one or many screens as it displays on the your many screens as it displays on the your monitor.monitor.

LINKSLINKS…those are underlined words that …those are underlined words that you can click on to get other related web you can click on to get other related web pages.pages.


2. 2. E-MAILE-MAIL…Electronic mail, or e-…Electronic mail, or e-mail, allows computers users mail, allows computers users locally and world to exchange locally and world to exchange messages.messages.

MIME (Multimedia Internet Mail MIME (Multimedia Internet Mail Extension)Extension) is a software that is a software that handle a variety of file types that handle a variety of file types that can attach to an e-mail messages.can attach to an e-mail messages.


3. 3. TELNETTELNET…is a program …is a program that allows you to log into that allows you to log into computers on the Internet computers on the Internet and use online databases, and use online databases, library catalogs, chat library catalogs, chat services.services.

4. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)..this is 4. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)..this is both program and the method use to both program and the method use to transfer files between computers. It transfer files between computers. It is an option that allows users to is an option that allows users to transfer files from thousands of host transfer files from thousands of host computers on the Internet to their computers on the Internet to their personal computer account.personal computer account.


5. E-MAIL DISCUSSION GROUPS… 5. E-MAIL DISCUSSION GROUPS… offers people world wide to offers people world wide to communicate via e-mail, because communicate via e-mail, because INTERNET is home to a large INTERNET is home to a large community of individuals who carry community of individuals who carry out active discussions organized out active discussions organized around topic oriented forums around topic oriented forums distributed by e-mail.distributed by e-mail.


6. USENET NEWS….is a 6. USENET NEWS….is a global electronic board global electronic board system in which millions of system in which millions of computer users exchange computer users exchange information on a vast range of information on a vast range of topics.topics.


7.FAQ, RFC, FYI7.FAQ, RFC, FYIFAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) periodic FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) periodic

posting of USENET news groups that contains posting of USENET news groups that contains wealth of information related to a topic.wealth of information related to a topic.

RFC (Request for Comments) documents RFC (Request for Comments) documents created & distributed to the Internet created & distributed to the Internet community to help define the nuts and bolts of community to help define the nuts and bolts of the Internet.the Internet.

FYI (For your Information) contains information FYI (For your Information) contains information of interest to new internet users.of interest to new internet users.


CHAT & INSTANT CHAT & INSTANT MESSENGINGMESSENGING

ChatChat programs allows users on the internet programs allows users on the internet to communicate with each other by typing to communicate with each other by typing in real time.in real time.

Internet Relay Chat (IRC)Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a service is a service through which participants can through which participants can communicate to each other on hundreds communicate to each other on hundreds of channels.of channels.

Instant messengingInstant messenging, a user on the web can , a user on the web can contact another user currently logged in contact another user currently logged in and type a conversation. and type a conversation.

MAJOR PROTOCOLS MAJOR PROTOCOLS ACCESIBLE ON THE WEBACCESIBLE ON THE WEB

E-MAIL (Simple Mail Transport E-MAIL (Simple Mail Transport Protocol or SMTP)- distributes Protocol or SMTP)- distributes electronic messages and files to one electronic messages and files to one or more electronic mailboxes.or more electronic mailboxes.

TELNET (Telnet Protocol) –TELNET (Telnet Protocol) –facilitates login to a computer host to facilitates login to a computer host to execute commands.execute commands.


FTP (File Transfer Protocol)- FTP (File Transfer Protocol)- transfer text or binary files between transfer text or binary files between an FTP server and client.an FTP server and client.

USENET (Network News Transfer USENET (Network News Transfer Protocol or NNTP) –distributes Protocol or NNTP) –distributes Usenet news articles derived from Usenet news articles derived from topical discussions on newsgroups.topical discussions on newsgroups.

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)-transmits hypertext over Protocol)-transmits hypertext over networks. This is the protocol of the networks. This is the protocol of the w.w.w.w.w.w.

VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)- VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)- allows user to place a telephone call allows user to place a telephone call over the web.over the web.


WHAT CAN WE GET IN WHAT CAN WE GET IN THE INTERNETTHE INTERNET

E-mail (Electronic Mail)E-mail (Electronic Mail) InformationInformation Group DiscussionGroup Discussion EntertainmentEntertainment On Line ShoppingOn Line Shopping Free SoftwaresFree Softwares

RETRIEVING DOCUMENTS RETRIEVING DOCUMENTS ON THE WEB: THE URLON THE WEB: THE URL URL (Uniform Resource Locator- URL (Uniform Resource Locator-

specifies the Internet address of a specifies the Internet address of a file stored on a host computer file stored on a host computer connected to the Internet. URL are connected to the Internet. URL are translated into numeric addresses translated into numeric addresses using the DNS (Internet Domain using the DNS (Internet Domain Name System)Name System)

ANATOMY OF A URLANATOMY OF A URL

http//www.congress.gov.ph/http//www.congress.gov.ph/leadership/index.htmleadership/index.htm

protocol host 2nd Level Domain name

Top Level Domain name

Directory name

File name

Top Level Domain NamesTop Level Domain Names

com - commercial enterprisecom - commercial enterprise edu - educational institutionedu - educational institution gov - government entitygov - government entity mil - military entitymil - military entity net - network access providernet - network access provider org – usually nonprofit organizationsorg – usually nonprofit organizations

TWO LETTER INTERNET TWO LETTER INTERNET COUNTRY CODESCOUNTRY CODES

chch SwitzerlandSwitzerland ukuk United KingdomUnited Kingdom

dede GermanyGermany phph PhilippinesPhilippines

jpjp JapanJapan

chapter 6 internet

Documents

major protocols

file transfer

world wide

transfer files

instant messenging

world

users

mail