chapter 6 & 7 2.docx

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A STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION AND COST OF SENAI-DESARU EXPRESSWAY

6.2 PRE CONSTRUCTION COST OF SENAI – DESARU EXPRESSWAY

Table 6.1: Cost brea!o"# o$ %re & 'o#str('t)o#

DESCRIPTION O*ERA++ COST

,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

Traffic Study 2,539,200.00 610,677.00 480,924.00 376,817.00 1,070,782.00

Topographical and

Dtail Sur!y11,109,000.00 2,671,714.00 2,104,044.00 1,648,577.00 4,684,665.00

Soil "n!#tigation 7,935,000.00 1,908,368.00 1,502,889.00 1,177,554.00 3,346,189.00

$"% &port 5,078,400.00 1,221,355.00 961,848.00 753,636.00 2,141,561.00

Safty %udit 2,856,600.00 687,012.00 541,040.00 423,920.00 1,204,628.00

'a(orator y 2,221,800.00 534,342.00 420,808.00 329,717.00 936,933.00

TOTA+ 13453. 4363567. 6311388. 53413221. 13753487.

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8

30

25

16

9

7

PRE - CONSTRUCTION COST (RM )

Trafc Study Topograpical and Detail Survey Soil Investigation I! "eport Sa#ety !udit $a%oratory

C9art 6.1

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)a#d on th chart 6.1, * can # th highr di!i#ion of o!rall chart for pr+

con#truction co#t i# th Topographical and Dtail Sur!y that 30 fro- o!rall pr

con#truction co#t or & 11,109,000.00. "t# -ain i-portant l-nt in pr+con#truction

co#t (cau# it/# to dtr-in an accurat -apping of any trrain, in any n!iron-nt.

urthr-or, it i# u#d in th planning and d#ign #tag of th #tructur th high*ay.

)#id# that, it i# u#d in -any *or# on pr+con#truction li to dtr-in th

contour# of th land, th trrain d#ign a# *ll a# th high and lo*r *atr #tag. "n

#u--ary, th tnt to *hich data i# alrady a!aila(l i# an i-portant factor in

dtr-ining *hat fild opration# ha! to ( prfor-d

al#o can # th #cond i-portant rol in th pr+ con#truction #tag on

thi# proct i# #oil in!#tigation. )a#d on th chart, #oil in!#tigation co#t #ho* &

7,935,000.00 or 25 o!rall pr con#truction co#t. Soil in!#tigation al#o i-portant

u#d for dtctd and idntify (aring capacity of th #oil and naturd of th #oil for

con#tructd th high*ay can ( o(taind. Soil "n!#tigation co#t -or pn#i! in

)ridg con#truction (cau# to dtr-in chang# in condition of th #it #uch a# th

piling *or#.

thr Than that, * al#o can # th co#t for th l-nt in th pr+

con#truction co#t li traffic #tudy #afty audit and la(oratory ar around & 2.2 illion

to & 2.8 illion or 7 to 8 of th o!rall pr con#truction co#t. Tho# l-nt# ar

not -any contri(ut in pr+con#truction co#t for th all pacag con#truction includ#

th (ridg con#truction.

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6. PROECT -ANA0E-ENT COST


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

D#ign on#ultancy

16,769,300.00 4,033,016.00 3,176,105.00 2,488,564.00 7,071,615.00

roct

anag-nt

on#ultant 26,830,880.00 6,452,826.00 5,081,768.00 3,981,702.00 11,314,584.00

on#truction

Supr!i#ion 13,415,440.00 3,226,413.00 2,540,885.00 1,990,852.00 5,657,290.00

rfor-anc )ond 6,707,720.00 1,613,206.00 1,270,442.00 995,427.00 2,828,645.00

'!y To "D)3,353,860.00 806,603.00 635,223.00 497,712.00 1,414,322.00

TOTA+ 6434432. 16312365. 12345352. ;3;853284. 2732763586.

Table 6.2: Cost rea!o"# o$ %ro<e't =a#a>e=e#t 'ost )# Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@

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25'

20'

5'

&0'

10'

Project Management Cost ( RM )

Design (onsultancy (onstruction Supervision $evy to (ID)

*ro+ect ,ange-ent (onsultant *er#or-ance )ond and Insurance

C9art 6.2

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)a#d on th chart 6.23 a# * can # th highr co#t u#d in proct

-anag-nt co#t for thi# proct i# (y th l-nt proct -anag-nt con#ultant#

*hich i# & 26,830,880.00 or 40 fro- all proct -anag-nt co#t. roct

-anag-nt con#ultancy i-portant to ad!i# training and proct -anag-nt

#r!ic# for th proct ladr and ta- --(r#. "t i# al#o i-portant to n#ur th

proct run #-oothly and ffcti!ly. or thi# proct, th highr co#t for proct

-anag-nt con#ultancy i# & 11,314,584.00 for (ridg con#truction.

t, th #cond i-portant in proct -anag-nt i# d#ign con#ultancy,

*hich i# *a# contri(ut & 16,769,300.00 or 25 fro- o!rall co#t in proct

-anag-nt for thi# proct. D#ign con#ultancy al#o i-portant rol for proct

-anag-nt *or# includ con#truction #upr!i#ion *hich i# & 13,415,440.00, *hich

play an i-portant rol in con#truction -anag-nt to -onitor and dtr-in th (udgt

ti- #chdul and th :uality of th con#truction proct.

'a#tly, rfor-anc (ond and in#uranc *a# contri(ut 10 and co#t of l!y

to "D) *a# contri(ut 3 *hich i# & 6,707,720.00 and & 3,353,860.00 for all

pacag and (ridg con#truction.

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6.5 -AIN CI*I+ WOR/

Table 6.: Cost rea!o"# o$ -a)# C))l Wor 'ost )# Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

;nral and

rli-inari# 68,558,400.00 16,488,295.00 12,984,960.00 10,174,066.00 28,911,079.00

Sit laranc21,424,500.00 5,152,592.00 4,057,800.00 3,179,397.00 9,034,711.00

$arth*or# and Soil

Sta(ili<ation or# 205,675,200.00 49,464,885.00 38,954,882.00 30,522,202.00 86,733,231.00

&oc $ca!ation 25,709,400.00 9,274,666.00 7,304,041.00 9,130,693.00 &

Drainag or# 42,849,000.00 10,305,184.00 8,115,600.00 6,358,793.00 18,069,423.00

a!-nt or# 137,116,800.00 32,976,590.00 25,969,921.00 20,348,135.00 57,822,154.00


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

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&oad urnitur29,994,300.00 7,213,629.00 5,680,920.00 4,451,155.00 12,648,596.00

&location of u(lic

=tiliti# 34,279,200.00 8,244,147.00 6,492,480.00 5,087,035.00 14,455,538.00

& )ridg 94,267,800.00 + + + 94,267,800.00

Strt 'ighting and

a(ling or# 51,418,800.00 12,366,221.00 9,738,720.00 7,630,552.00 21,683,307.00

'and#caping or# 42,849,000.00 14,427,258.00 16,231,201.00 12,190,541.00 +

"ntrchang# 102,837,600.00 41,220,738.00 32,462,402.00 29,154,460.00 +

TOTA+

7863;73. 24315328. 1643;;23;24. 17322432;. 5362837;.

ar C9art 6.

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Percentage From Total Cost Main Civil Wo

Total ,ain (ivil (ost ", 856.980.00

Th )ar hart# #ho* th prcntag fro- th total co#t# of -ain ci!il *or# for Snai

D#aru $pr##*ay, *hich i# th total & 856,980,000.00. Th (ar chart# clarly #ho*

th high#t rating i# in it- arth*or and #oil #ta(ili<ation *hich i# 24 for &

205,675,200.00 fro- th total -ain ci!il co#t. Th co#t of arth*or and #oil

#ta(ili<ation *a# pn#i! (cau# it i# u# for r-o! larg !olu-# of

un#ati#factory #oil# and rplac# th- *ith #uita(l -atrial, particularly if it i# to (

i-portd. urthr-or, it i# -or pn#i! *hn -uch -pha#i# ha# (n placd

upon finding -thod# of -odifying th proprti# of #oil# a!aila(l at th #it. )#id#

1&0

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that, th pn#i! co#t# includd th *or# li #it claranc, ca!ation *or# a#

-(an-nt#.

Th co#t of pa!-nt *or# al#o pn#i!, *hich i# & 137,116,800.00 or

16 of th total co#t of -ain ci!il *or#. Th total lngth of thi# high*ay i# 77 - and

th -atrial u#d for pa!-nt con#truction *ill affct th pn#i! co#t#. )#id#

that, co#t of intrchang con#truction al#o gi!# ffct th -ain ci!il *or#. Th

intrchang co#t i# third high#t in -ain ci!il co#t# *hich i# & 102,837,600.00

(cau# thi# proct in!ol!# 6 intrchang#.

or th co#t of -ain ci!il *or#, th lo*#t pric of l-nt# in -ain ci!il *or#

i# #it claranc and roc ca!ation. ro- th (ar chart #ho* that l-nt# *r

2.5 and 3 of th total -ain ci!il *or# *hich i# th co#t# ar & 21,424,500.00 and

& 25,709,400.00. al#o can # th co#t of & (ridg# al#o high#t in -ain ci!il

*or# *hich i# & 94,267,800.00 or 11 of total -ain ci!il co#t. That co#t# *a# ffct

(y th *or# li piling *or#, con#truction of pil cap, cro##had, (a- launching and

othr#.

1&1

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6.8 TO++ P+ABA AND OPERATION OFFICES

Table

6.5: Cost

rea!o"# o$ Toll Plaa a#! O%erat)o# O$$)'es 'ost )# Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@

1&2


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

Toll la<a anopy

"ncluding oncrt

a!-nt 21,614,940.00 9,455,346.00 7,213,867.00 4,945,727.00

Toll la<a

Supr!i#ion

)uilding# 16,811,620.00 7,354,158.00 5,610,785.00 3,846,677.00

%d-ini#tration

fficr# 9,606,640.00 + 9,606,640.00 +

TOTA+ 57332. 1637;385. 2235132;2. 734;2355.

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1&3

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&5'

35'

20'

Costs Toll Pla'a an Oeration O*ces (RM )

Toll *la/a (anopy Including (oncrete *ave-ent Toll *la/a Supervsion %uilding !d-instartion )uilding fces

Do(>9#(t C9art 6.5

1&&

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)a#d on th doughnut char 6.4, it i# #ho* th high#t proportion i# th toll

pla<a canopy con#truction including pa!-nt# *or# *hich i# contri(ut# 45 or &

21,614,940.00. Thi# proct ha! 4 toll pla<a canopy *hich i# 2 toll pla<a in pacag 2

> =lu Tira- to a#ir ;udang?, and 1 Toll la<a or pacag 1 > Snai =lu Tira-? and

pacag 3 > ahaya )aru+ D#aru ?.Thi# proct ha! on ad-ini#tration offic# in

pacag 3 *hich i# th co#t i# & 9,606,640.00

or th #cond high#t co#t for contri(ution th toll pla<a i# #upr!i#ion

(uilding *hich i# contri(ut 35 or & 16,811,620.00 fro- th total con#truction on thi#

l-nt.

1&5

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6.6 TO++ EUIP-ENT3 TRAFFIC SUR*EI++ANCE AND CONTRO+ SYSTE-

Table 6.8: Cost rea!o"# o$ Toll E()%=e#t3 Tra$$)' S(re)lla#'e a#! Co#trol S@ste= 'ost )# Se#a) – Desar(

E?%ress"a@

1&6


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

Toll $:uip-nt

5,281,536.00 1,872,964.00 1,728,118.00 1,680,454.00 +

Traffic Sur!illanc25,747,488.00 6,192,270.00 4,876,574.00 3,820,929.00 10,857,715.00

$-rgncy hon

Sy#t- 1,980,576.00 476,328.00 375,121.00 293,919.00 835,208.00

TOTA+ 3;36. 738513862. 63;4;371. 834;832. 1136;23;2.

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16'

78'

6'

Toll E+,iment$ Tra*c S,rvelliance n Control S.stem

Toll E+,iment

Tra*c S,rveilliance

Emergenc. P/one S.stem

1&7

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P)e C9art 6.8

1&8

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ro- th pi chart #ho*# th r#ult fro- th co#t# of toll :uip-nt, traffic

#ur!illanc and control #y#t-. Th high#t cot# fro- that i# 78 or &

25,747,488.00 *hich i# for th traffic #ur!illanc. Th high#t co#t ffct (y th *or#

li in#tallation of traffic #ur!illanc ca-ra# and th loop dtctor# to control incidnt

dtction, traffic -anag-nt and tra!l ti- collction. That l-nt co#t# al#o

includd in all pacag con#truction and (ridg con#truction

Th #cond high#t #ho* in Toll :uip-nt *hich i# 6 or & 5,281,536.00 for co!r

th *or in thi# l-nt li co#t of d#ign and #r!ic# of th toll :uip-nt. 'a#tly for

-rgncy phon #y#t- only in!ol! 6 of th o!rall total of thi# l-nt co#t *hich

i# & 1,980,576.00

1&9

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DESCRIPTION O*ERA++

COST ,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

#t 10.580.0000

0

$a#t

10.580.0000

0 +

TOTA+ 213163.

6.4 REST AND SER*ICES AREA ,RR

Table 6.6: Cost rea!o"# o$ Rest a#! Ser)'es area 'ost )# Se#a) –

Desar( E?%ress"a@

ro- th a(o! ta(l, * can # th total for th of th r#t and #r!ic#

ara i# & 21,160,000.00. or thi# Snai @ D#aru $pr##*ay *a# pro!id 2 &A& to

th con#u-r# at th *#t and a#t on pacag 2 > =lu Tira- to a#ir ;udang?. Th

co#t of con#truction for ach &A& i# & 10,580,000. Th total co#t of con#truction

&A& *hich i# 2 fro- th total of th d!lop-nt co#t.

Th co#ting *a# a(out th co#t for th con#truction and al#o a(out th co#t for

th #r!ic# al#o th faciliti# *a# pro!idd on th &A&. Thi# &A& *a# n* d#ign

and ha! -any diffrnt al#o -or -odrn of &A& fro- othr# &A& *a# pro!idd in

othr# high*ay.

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Th #r!ic# and faciliti# *r pro!iding in thi# &A& a#B

• % food court *ithin a ra#ona(l *aling di#tanc fro- th car par

•

lar uno(#tructd acc## fro- th food court to th toilt# and #urau

• Surau #tratgically #itd at a :uit nd in a par+li land#capd #tting

• % #i-pl t*o+*ay car paring #y#t- for #-ooth traffic flo* and dri!r#/

con!ninc

• olic Station i# locatd at th cntr of a group of thr (uilding# for (ttr

#upr!i#ion and !i#i(ility

• %T# ar placd i--diatly out#id th polic (at for #i-ilar #afty ra#on#

• aaf#, playground and fruit #tall# ar pro!idd at #tratgic location# to furthr

nhanc tra!llr#C con!ninc

• $tn#i! co!rd *al*ay #y#t- to a##i#t !i#itor# gtting to th pu(lic

con!ninc *ith -ini-al po#ur to th *athr

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6.7 TOTA+ DE*E+OP-ENT COST


,R-

PAC/A0E 1

,R-

PAC/A0E 2

,R-

PAC/A0E

,R-

RID0E

,R-

r + on#truction

o#t 31,740,000.00 7,633,468.00 6,011,553.00 4,710,221.00 13,384,758.00

roct

anag-nt o#t 67,077,200.00 16,132,064.00 12,704,423.00 9,954,257.00 28,286,456.00

ain i!il or# 856,980,000.00 207,134,205.00 167,992,927.00 138,227,029.00 343,625,839.00

Toll la<a and

opration ffic# 48,033,200.00 16,809,504.00 22,431,292.00 8,792,404.00 +

Toll $:uip-nt,

Traffic Sur!illanc

and ontrol Sy#t- 33,009,600.00 8,541,562.00 6,979,813.00 5,795,302.00 11,692,923.00

&#t and Sr!ic# 21,160,000.00 21,160,000.00 +

TOTA+ 138733. 28632837. 2432737. 164354;321. ;63;7;3;46.

Table 6.4: Cost rea!o"# o$ total !eelo%=e#t 'ost )# Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@

152

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ar C9at 6.6: Deelo%=e#t 'ost o$ Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@

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100.000.00000

200.000.00000

300.000.00000

&00.000.00000

500.000.00000600.000.00000

700.000.00000

800.000.00000

900.000.00000

0eveloment Cost ( RM

Series 1

)a#d on that )ar hart 6.6, it i# can ( con conclud th high#t proportion #ho* of

th Snai + D#aru $pr##*ay for d!lop-nt co#t i# clarly co#t of -ain ci!il *or#.

hich i# th co#t of -ain ci!il *or# i# & 856,980,000.00 or 81 fro- th total

d!lop-nt co#t. Th -ain ci!il *or# con#i#t# pa!-nt *or#, #it claranc

drainag *or#, intrchang, (ridg and othr#. %# * can #, (rid con#truction

dfinitly #ho* th high#t co#t of d!lop-nt co#t othr than that all pacag in thi#

high*ay con#truction *hich i# & 396,989,976.00. Th (ridg con#truction *ill ( on

of th long#t #ingl plan ca(l @#tayd (ridg# in th *orld. urthr-or (ridg

con#truction u#d 740- long #pan co-po#it #tl and concrt (o girdr i# u#d for

th -ain #pan and #id #pan# of th ca(l+#tayd portion of th #tructur. Th

15&

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r-aining 968- of approach dc >484 - on ach #id? ar #tructurd u#ing an all

concrt -ulti+cll (o girdr #ction. Th high#t of (ridg con#truction al#o ffct (y

th foundation for th t*o -ain pylon# utili< 2,000 -- dia-tr (ord pil# nca#d

in 19-- thic #tl ca#ing *ith 5.5 - thic ca#t in+#itu rinforcd concrt pil cap#.

Th a(ut-nt# and th 10 pir# on ithr #id of th ri!r for th approach #pan# ar

foundd on 600 -- and 1000-- dia-tr #pun pil# *ith 2.5 - thic ca#t in+#itu

rinforcd concrt pil#. Th hight of th ca#t+in #itu rinforcd concrt pir#

rang# fro- 3 - to 17 -. Th pir# ar #pacd at 48 - cntr#.

or th othr# *or# in d!lop-nt co#t, o!rall othr# co#t *a# not -or

than & 100,000,000.00 for d!lop-nt co#t#.

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6.; ANA+YSIS COST ON SENAI DESARU EXPRESSWAY

Th Snai @ D#aru $pr##*ay *a# totally fini#hd on 31th Dic-(r 2009

Th total lngth of th high*ay i# 77- *hich i# thi# con#truction ha! 3

pacag and 1 (ridg #tay (ridg con#truction. acag 1 >Snai to =lu Tiira- ? and

acag 2 > =lu Tira- to ahaya )aru ? ar four lan dual carriag*ay *ith lan *idth

of 3.65- and pa!d #houldr *itdh of 3.0-. )ut pacag 3 > ahaya )aru @ D#aru ?

including ca(l #tay (ridg *a# con#tructd *ith a t*o lan #ingl carriag*ay. n

acag 3 i# th only on in alay#ia/# high*ay ha! t*o lan #ingl carriag*ay on

ca(l #tay (ridg.

PAC/A0E WGO+E

+EN0TG

,/-

WIDTG ,- TOTA+ AREA

acag 1 22 20 440

acag 2 27 20 540

acag 3 26 10.5 27.3

)ridg 1.7 22 37.4

TOTA+ 44 57 1358

Table 6.7 Cost brea!o"# $or 'ostH= o$ Se#a) – Desar( E?%ress"a@

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6.1 ANA+YSIS ON COST OF SENAI – DESARU EXPRESSWAY A0AINST +E/AS GI0GWAY AND

+EUGRAYA PANTAI TI-UR PGASE 2 PAC/A0E 12

or -or finding a(out th co#t of high*ay con#truction, thi# chaptr al#o carri# out th co-pari#on# of co#t *ith '$E%S Figh*ay

and '(uhraya anatai Ti-ur ha# 2 acag 12.

Ta(l 6.9 #ho*# th co-pari#on# of co#t- *ith '$E%S Figh*ay and '(uhraya antai Ti-ur ha# 2 acag 12.

+E/AS GI0GWAY +EURGRAYA

PANTAI

TI-UR PGASE

12

SENAI – DESARU EXPRESSWAY

Pa'a>e

1 2 3 12 1 2 3

Total

Co#str('t)o# Cost,R-

165.25&.

789

17&.106.17

2

169.656.52

5

97.780.000256.250.80

3

237.280.00

8

167.&79.21

3

Total +e#>t9 O$

G)>9"a@ )# /- 182 1&5 11575 8 22 27 26

Cost %er = o$

t9e 9)>9"a@ ,R- %$2&%$%

34

15$&&2$35

5

14$#"2$1"

115$555$"&&

11$#42$2#

3!$2!!$14! #$441$"&!

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Pacage 1 ( 6E7S )

Pacage 5 ( 6E7S )

Pacage 3( 6E7S )

Pacage 15 (6PT P/ase 5)

Pacage 1 (S0E )

Pacage 5 (S0E )

Pacage 3(S0E )

165.25&.789

17&.106.172

169.656.525

97.780.000

256.250.803

237.280.008

167.&79.213

Constr,ction Cost ( RM )

Series 1

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C9art 6.4 T9e 'o=%ar)so#s o$ 'o#str('t)o# 'ost bet"ee# +eas G)>9"a@ a#! +eb(9ra@a Pa#ta) T)=(r P9ase 2 ")t9 Se#a) –

Desar( E?%ress"a@.

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)a#d on )ar hart 6.7., it i# rally pro!d and plaind that th con#truction

co#t of Snai + D#aru $pr##*ay i# -or pn#i! othr than typ# of high*ay

con#truction.

)ut, for th co-pari#on# dpnding on co#t pr - of th high*ay cannot can a##u-d

a# a factor gi! ffct to pn#i! for th con#truction co#t (cau# th con#truction

co#t al#o dpnding of th #it proct# and th location of th proct it#lf.

6.12 CONC+USION

ro- th di#cu##d and analy<d a(out th all l-nt# in!ol!d for thi#

con#truction and a(out th lngth of - Snai + D#aru $pr##*ay al#o th

co-parati! #tudy a(out th co-pari#on# *ith othr typ of high*ay con#truction, a#

th conclu#ion Snai @ D#aru $pr##*ay -or pn#i! and r:uird th rally (ig

(udgt fro- go!rn-nt

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CGAPTER 4

CONC+USION AND RECO--ENDATION

4.1 CONC+USION

Figh*ay con#truction play# a !ital rol in th d!lop-nt of a country. Th

cono-ic #ucc## of country dpnd# not only on th a!aila(ility and propr utili<ation

of it# natural r#ourc# (ut al#o rly ha!ily on it# fficint for- of tran#portation

#y#t-, of *hich #y#t-atic, *ll+plannd and good road nt*or# pro!id th principal

!nu for th rapid con!yanc of th co--oditi# producd. Th gro*th in road

tran#port in rcnt yar# ha# focu#d attntion on th i-portanc of *ll+plannd

high*ay #y#t- to th cono-y of any nation.

or thi# #tudy o!rall finding a(out th infor-ation pr##*ay #y#t- in

includd con#tructa(ility concpt of pr##*ay alay#ia #pcially Snai @ D#aru

$pr##*ay >SD$?.ro- th #tudy of Snai @ D#aru pr##*ay, * can no* and

larnd a(out *hy th ndd of thi# con#truction, ho* it i# con#truct, o!rall co#t

in!ol!d in thi# proct and othr#.

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4.2 ANA+YSIS ON CONSTRUCTION OF SENAI – DESARU

EXPRESSWAY ,SDE

!rall th analy#i# th con#truction of Snai @ D#aru $pr##*ay *a# (

d#cri(d on th chaptr 4. or th #u--ary of th con#truction of th Snai @D#aru

pr##*ay, gnrally th -thod of con#truction of high*ay i# co--only (a#d on

principl and th #tandard #pcification of high*ay con#truction i##ud (y th Ga(atan

ra &aya >GE&? and '-(aga '(uhraya alay#ia >''? To a!oid *a#t and to

n#ur th proct co-plt *ithin th con#truction priod, all th con#truction -thod

-u#t ( dtr-ind and prpard arly (y th contractor. or th con#truction fli(l

pa!-nt #pcially on th layr -u#t ( #-ooth and follo*d th Spcification and

follo*d Spcification. thr than that, th (ridg con#truction al#o i-portant and th

con#truction con#i#t of foundation of -ain pylon#, pil cap or a(ut-nt, colu-n or pir#,

cro##had, (a- launching, diaphrag- and dc, parapt and railing a# *ll a# th

-i#cllanou#.

4.2.1 Proble=s E#'o(#tere! D(r)#> Co#str('t)o# G)>9"a@

ro- th #tudy thr ar #!ral of pro(l-# that nd to ( (ar (y

th contractor and th clint in con#truction of thi# high*ay.

ro- th intr!i* *ith "r ohd ":(al, $cuti! f $nginr# Dpart-nt

fro- &anhill $nginr# and on#truction Sdn )hd th pro(l-# for thi#

con#truction #pcially on th (ridg con#truction liB

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• oundation and #u(#tructur rlatd pro(l-# li *an## #ignal of

;S, -achinri# (ra do*n, -i##+in#tallation of pil# # >igur

7.1? and ha--r drilling cracd pil#.

• Supr#tructur rlatd pro(l-# #uch a# i-propr #la( fa(rication,

Th pro(l- u#d to rinforc th *a pir colu-n# # >igur

7.2?, incr-ntal launching cau#d th colu-n tnd# to cracing and

#palling, li-itd #pac of #torag of prca#t #g-nt# and concrt

:uality pro(l-#.

• ylon rlatd pro(l-#. or a-pl, th incon!ninc of

ha--rhad cran during pylon con#truction # >igur 7.3? if

co-par to luffing cran, co#tly pro(# u#d to pr!nt collap# of th

pylon #tructur, lifting pro(l-# of th #tl anchorag# (o,

in#tallation of hydraulic cylindr to a!oid #liding or o!rturning #

>igur 7.4?.

• thr acti!iti# rlatd pro(l-# li difficulti# of tran#portation of

-atrial#, corro#ion of -atrial#, poor cli-at and incon!ninc# of

acc##i(ility

16&

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F)>(re 4.1 F)>(re 4.2

F)>(re 4. F)>(re 4.5

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4. ANA+YSIS ON TGE COST CONSTRUCTION OF SENAI –

DESARU EXPRESSWAY ,SDE

%# for th co#t and analy#i# in chaptr 5, th l-nt# *a# in!ol!d in thi#

con#truction co#t of thi# high*ay *hich i# li# pr+con#truction co#t, d!lop-nt

co#t, co#t of -ain ci!il *or#, toll pla<a and opration ffic#, toll :uip-nt, Traffic

#ur!illanc and control #y#t- and r#t and #r!ic#. Th high#t of prcntag of

(rado*n co#t in ci!il -ain *or#. "t i# (co- i-portant l-nt to dtr-in of th

#ucc##ful for thi# proct. Th total of thi# con#truction i# & 1,058,000,000.00 *hich

i# highr than othr# high*ay li '$E%S Figh*ay and '(uhraya antai Ti-ur ha#

2.

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4.5 RECO--ENDATION

)a#d fro- th ca# #tudy and o!rall th topic includ in thi# ca# #tudy, #o-

rco--ndation a(out thi# proct i# -ad a# (lo*B

• During con#truction all participant# -u#t in!ol! -u#t ta a r#pon#i(l to do

r#arch and al#o find th -o#t ffcti!n## and cono-ical *ay# to con#truct a

high*ay. )y th *ay, a d!lopr -u#t ha! a hug #u- of -ony for th (ar of

th all co#t and #tand(y for th contingnci# *or#.

• urthr-or, a# a :uantity #ur!ying, * -u#t no* th proc## of high*ay fro-

th planning #tag until th fini#h# of th con#truction includ -aintnanc of

high*ay. "t i# i-portant to -a th #ti-at and gi! ad!ic to clint a(out th

co#t of high*ay.

• al#o -u#t ta not and -a i-portant to th dcra# of th failur in

high*ay con#truction. )cau# of that, th nginr #hould #till undrgo #o-

i-pro!-nt li u#ing high :uality of th -atrial# and al#o choo# th right

-atrial *ith appro!d (y GE& and ''.

• "f any pro(l-# occur during th con#truction priod, all th participant #it togthr

to find out th #olution. "t i# i-portant to -a #ur that progr## of proct not

dlay.

• &co--ndation for thi# high*ay i# furthr #tudy #hould -ad to find th -o#t

ffcti! and cono-ical *ay# to con#truct thi# high*ay and al#o #tudy th dtail

a(out th #tratgic location of th proct. )#id# that, -or r#arch #hould (

carrid out for all high*ay# proct to gathr -or and -or co#t yard #tic #o that

co#t yard#tic *ill ( -or rlia(l.

chapter 6 & 7 2.docx

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