chapter 5: telecommunications, wireless technologies, and computer networks succeeding with...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 5: Telecommunications, Wireless Technologies, and Computer Networks
Succeeding with Technology: Second Edition
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Objectives
Understand the fundamentals of data communications and the criteria for choosing a communications medium
Explain how networking media, devices, and software work together to provide data networking services, and describe the benefits of various types of media
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Objectives (continued)
List and describe the most popular forms of wireless telecommunications technologies
List the different classifications of computer networks and their defining characteristics, and understand the basics of wireless home networking
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Fundamentals of Telecommunications Communications
Transmission of a signal by way of a medium
Signal
Contains message comprised of data and information
Communication medium
Anything that carries a signal between a sender and a receiver
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Telecommunications and Data Communications Telecommunications
Electronic transmission of signals for communications
Data communications Electronic transmission and reception of digital data
Telecommunications network Connects communications and computing devices
Networking media Anything that carries an electronic signal
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Characteristics of Telecommunications Analog signal
Fluctuates continuously Digital signal
Discrete voltage State is either high or low
Bandwidth Data transmission rate Measured in bits per second (bps)
Broadband Connection that is always on or active
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Networking Media, Devices, and Software – Networking Media Twisted pair cable
Consists of pairs of twisted wires covered with an insulating layer
Coaxial cable Consists of an inner conductor wire surrounded by
insulation, a conductive shield, and a cover Fiber-optic cable
Consists of thousands of extremely thin strands of glass or plastic bound together in a sheathing
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Networking Devices
Modems Modulates and demodulates signals Cable modem
Provides Internet access over a cable television network
DSL modem Provides high-speed Internet service over
telephone lines Network adapter
Computer circuit board, PC Card, or USB device
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Network Control Devices
Hubs Used as a central point for connecting a series of
computers Switches
Fundamental part of most networks Repeaters
Connect multiple network segments Bridges
Connect two or more network segments
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Network Control Devices (continued) Gateways
Network points that act as an entrance to another network
Routers Can divide a single network into two logically
separate networks Wireless access point
Receives and transmits data to wireless adapters Firewall
Device or software that filters the information coming onto a network
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Industrial Telecommunications Media and Devices Microwave transmission
Also called terrestrial microwave Line-of-sight medium
Communications satellite Basically a microwave station placed in outer space
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Industrial Hardware
T1 line Carries twenty-four 64-Kbps signals on one line
T3 line Carries 672 signals on one line
Devices commonly used to control and protect industrial-level telecommunications: Multiplexer Communications processor Encryption devices
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Networking Software
Monitors the load, or amount of traffic, on the network
Can provide data security and privacy Network administrator
Person responsible for setting up and maintaining the network
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Networking Software (continued) Network Operating Systems
Perform same functions for network as operating system software performs for a computer
Network Management Software Facilitates monitoring of individual computers and
shared hardware
Communications Protocols and Standards Ethernet: most widely used network standard for
private networks
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Wireless Telecommunications Technology - Cell Phone Technologies Cellular network
A radio network Geographic area is divided into cells with a
transceiver antenna and station at the center of each cell
Cellular carrier Company that builds and maintains cellular network Provides cell phone service to the public
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Cellular Service Plans
Calling plans are defined by usage in three time frames: Whenever, or anytime, minutes with no time
restrictions Weeknight minutes
Monday through Friday, 9:00 p.m. to 5:59 a.m. or 6:59 a.m.
Weekend minutes Saturday 12:00 a.m. to Sunday 11:59 p.m.
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Pagers
Small, lightweight devices that receive signals from transmitters
Types of paging systems National and regional systems
Set up transmission towers to cover large geographic areas
On-site paging systems Use small desktop transmitters to send pages over
a small wireless network
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Global Positioning Systems
Uses satellites to pinpoint the location of objects on earth
Using a GPS receiver and a network of 24 satellites GPS can tell exact location of receiver on the earth’s
surface GPS
Originally developed for national security and later extended for public use
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Wireless Fidelity and WiMAX Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)
Makes use of access points to wirelessly connect users to networks within a range of 250–1000
Standards Known as the 802.11 family of standards Developed by the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Developed to support wireless computer networking
within a limited range at broadband speeds
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Wireless Fidelity and WiMAX (continued) WiMAX
Known as IEEE 802.16 Faster and longer range than Wi-Fi WiMAX antenna has 31-mile range
Perfect for city-wide Internet access Seattle’s Space Needle has a WiMAX antenna Intel and Nokia are strongly supporting WiMAX
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Bluetooth
Enables digital devices to communicate directly with each other wirelessly over short distances
Communicates at speeds of up to 1 Mbps within a range of up to 33 feet (10 meters)
Can connect devices to a computer network using access points like Wi-Fi
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Compete in some areas, but have unique qualities
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Infrared Transmission
Involves sending signals through the air via light waves
Slower than both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Uses light rather than broadcast technology Ideal for secure data transmissions
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Uses tiny transponders in tags that can be
Attached to merchandise or other objects Read using an RFID transceiver or reader for the
purpose of identification Primarily used to track merchandise from supplier to
retailer to customer
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Networks and Distributed Computing Within a private network
Computing resources are shared in order to maximize computing power
Computer Includes devices for input, processing, storage, and
output Components can be distributed throughout a
computer network
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Computer Networking Concepts Nodes
Devices attached to a network Workstations
Computers attached to a network Local resources
Files, drives, or other peripheral devices connected to the workstation and accessible via the network
Network resources Workstation accesses over the network
Distributed Computing Multiple remote computers working together
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Network Types
Personal area network (PAN) Interconnecting personal information technology
devices Local Area Network (LAN)
Connects computer systems within same building Intranet
Uses protocols of the Internet and the Web within the confines of a private network
Virtual Private Network (VPN) Enables private Internet communications
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Network Types (continued)
Metropolitan area network (MAN) Connects networks within a city or metropolitan-size
area into a larger high-speed network Wide area network (WAN)
Connects LANs and MANs between cities, across country, and around the world
Global Networks A WAN that crosses an international border
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Connects corporate computer systems
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Home Networks
Allow residents to Share a single Internet connection Share a single printer between computers Share files such as images, music, and programs Back up copies of important files to another PC for
safekeeping Participate in multiplayer games. Share output from devices such as a DVD player or
Webcam
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Summary
Telecommunications Refers to the electronic transmission of signals for
communication Types of cables used in telecommunications
Twisted pair cables, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable
Networking devices include Modems, network adapters, network control
devices, RFID devices, and pagers
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Summary (continued) Cellular network
Radio network Geographic area is divided into cells with a
transceiver antenna (tower) and station at the center of each cell
Server computers Used to distribute data, files, and programs to users,
or clients, on the network Home networks
Used to share hardware, files, and a common Internet connection