Chapter 5Histology

Anatomy & Physiology

Epithelial Tissue

Types FunctionsSimple cuboidal ProtectionSimple columnar Sensory FunctionsPseudostratified ciliated SecretionStratified squamos (keratinized) AbsorptionStratified squamos (nonkeratinized) ExcretionStratified columnarTransitional

GeneralAvascular

Simple squamous

Simple squamous lining of lung

Simple cuboidal

Simple columnar

Pseudostratified ciliated

Stratified squamous

Stratified squamous

Transitional

Exocrine glands in stomach

secrete thei

r produc

t from

intact

cells.

Ex: salivary glands

entire cells and

their secretio

ns accumulate as

the gland's secretor

y product;

cells rupture

Ex: sebaceous (oil) glands

accumulate their secretory product at the apical surface of each cell, then separates from the cell to form a secretion in the lumen of the gland. The cells then repair themselves.

Ex: Mammary glands

Connective Tissue

1.Areolar (loose, ordinary)2.Adipose3.Reticular4.Dense fibrous (regular)5.Dense fibrous (irregular)6.Bone7.Hyaline cartilage8.Fibrocartilage9.Elastic cartilage10.Blood

Fibrous connective

Bone

Cartilage

Blood

FunctionsStructural supportMetabolic componentsBlood componentsDefense

Connective Tissue ALL have matrix + ground substance

Areolar(Loose, ordinary)Ground substance

Matrix

Adipose

Fat Storage Areas

Reticular

Dense Fibrous(Regular)

Parallel fibers

Dense Fibrous(Irregular)

Bone Functions

a. Support for muscles, organs, and soft tissues.

b. Leverage and movement

c. Protection of vital organs

d. Calcium phosphate storage

e. Hematopoiesis - formation of blood cells

Hyaline

a. exists on the ventral ends of ribs; in the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; and on the articular surface of bones.b. slimy mass of a firm consistency, but of considerable elasticity c. contains no nerves or blood vessels

Trachea cross-section

Fibrocartilagea. found in the pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, meniscusb. looks like dense regular connective tissue, but may be distinguished from them

by being surrounded by a concentrically striated area of cartilage matrix, their lacunae, and by being less flattened.

Elastica. present in the outer ear, larynx, and epiglottisb. Elastic fibers stain darkc. Very flexible

Blood

Plasmaa. yellow liquid component of bloodb. 55% of the total blood volumec. mostly water (92% by volume), dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, hormones and carbon dioxide

Cellsa. erythrocytes (“red cell”)

1. most common type of blood cell2. principle means of distributing O2

b. leukocytes (“white cell”)1. defend the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials

c. thrombocytes1. main purpose for blood clotting

Erythrocytes (RBS)

Leukocytes (WBS)

Thrombocytes (platelets)

Muscle Tissue

1.Skeletal2.Smooth3.Cardiac

Skeletal

Smooth

Cardiac

Nervous Tissue

Tissue Repair

Keloid