chapter 44 fabric care
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 44: Fabrics and
Their CareObjectives: Compare different
types of fibers, fabric construction,methods, and finishes.
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Define the following key terms.
Fibersvery fine, hairlike strands of
various lengths.
Yarnsfibers that have been twisted or
grouped together.
Natural fibersfibers that come from
plants or animals.
Manufactured fibersfibers that are
formed completely or in part by chemicals.
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Blenda yarn made from two or more
different fibers to take advantage of the
best features of each.
Fabric finishesspecial treatments that
improve the appearance, feel, or
performance of the fabric.
Colorfastthe color remains the same
over time.
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Mildewa fungus that shows up as black
dots on clothes.
Woven fabrics: Weaving involves
interlacing two sets of yarns together at
right angles.
Plain weave is the most common weave.
You often see it in shirts and sheets.
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Twill weave produces fabrics, such asdenim, that are stronger than those ofplain weave.
Satin weave produces smooth fabrics witha sheen but they are less durable. Someblouses and evening apparel are madefrom this weave.
Plainover and under 1; twillover andunder two; satinover and under 3.
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Knits are constructed by pulling the loops
of yarn through other loops of yarn,
creating interlocking rows. Knit clothes
are comfortable and dont wrinkle easily.
Other fabric construction methods:
nonwovenfelt; made by matting or
bonding fibers with heat, moisture, oradhesives.
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Other Construction Methods
Bondingfusing one fabric to another;
quiltingputting a fluffy layer between two
layers.
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Answer the following questions:
1. How are fibers related to yarns?
Fibers are twisted or grouped together to
form yarns.
2. What is the key difference between
natural fibers and manufactured fibers?
Natural fibers come from plants oranimals. Manufactured fibers are made
completely or in part from chemicals.
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4. Name three natural and threemanufactured fibers. List twocharacteristics of each.
NaturalCotton: Comfortable in warm weather;
strong; absorbent; shrinks; wrinkles.
Linen: (flax) Stronger than cotton;absorbent; comfortable; wrinkles easily.
,
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Wool: (fleece of sheep) warm; resistswrinkles; repels water; shrinks easily; drycleaned.
Silk(cocoon of silk worm) lightweight;resists wrinkling; damaged by perspiration,deodorant, and high ironing temperatures.
Ramie(stems of China grass) strong withnatural luster; absorbent; washable, stifftexture = usually blended with other fibers.
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Manufactured Fibers
Rayon: Absorbent; soft; comfortable;
drapes; shrinks; dry cleaning
recommended.
Polyester: Resists wrinkling and shrinking;
not absorbent; washable; dries fast;
attracts oily stains; tends to pill (form balls
on surface of fabric).
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Nylon: Strong; lightweight; holds shape; Notabsorbent; static electricity; washable;dries quickly; sensitive to heat; white
nylon-yellow.Acrylic: Soft; warm; resists wrinkling; not
dried at high temperatures; some pillingand static electricity; resists fading.
Spandex: Often combined with other fibers;no bleach or high drying temperatures.
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4. What is a blend? Give an example.
A yarn that is made from two or moredifferent fibers. Ex: polyester and cotton
5. Compare the construction andcharacteristics of woven and knit fabrics.
Woven fabrics: Are made with two sets of
yarns interlacing at right angles. Arestronger than knit and hold their shapebetter.
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Knit fabrics: Are constructed by pulling
loops of yarn through other loops of yarn.
Stretch with movement and return to
original shape.
They do not wrinkle easily.
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6. Give four examples of different purposesfor fabric finishes.
To improve appearance.
Improve feel.
Improve performance of fabric.
To add color or design.
To make water repellant.
To make softer, shinier, or crisper.
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To make wrinkle-resistant.
Add soil-release finish.
7. What are two advantages of colorfastfabrics?
The color will remain the same over time.
Dye will not leach into other laundry.
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8. Why is it important to take proper care ofclothes?
They will look good and last longer.
9. Describe three ways to treat a stain.
Rinse with cold water.
Use stain-removal towelette.
Soak with detergent o plain water.
Pretreat before washing.
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10. Explain how to hand wash a garment.
Soak in sudsy water.
Gently squeeze suds through garment.Replace soapy water with fresh to rinse
garment.
Repeat rinse until no suds remain.
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12. Why should some garments be pressedrather than ironed?
Garments such as knits should be pressed
rather than ironed to avoid stretching.13. How is dry cleaning different from regular
laundering?
Dry cleaning uses special chemicals, ratherthan water and detergent, to cleanclothes.
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17.What is the advantage of a fiber blend?
It combines the best feature of each fiber.
18. What qualifies as a fabric finish?Special treatments that improve the
appearance, feel, or performance of a
fabric.
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19. Why would you wash a garment
with like colors?
To prevent its dye from running intoother items.
20. When is the best time to treat stains?
As soon as possible.
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21. List three factors to consider when
sorting laundry.
Care instructions.
Color.
Weight of items.
Linting.Amount of soil.
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22. Identify three actions you can take to
deal with clothing stains.