chapter 42 building codes and commercial design. introduction commercial drafting depends more on...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 42
Building Codes and Commercial Design
Introduction• Commercial drafting depends more on
building codes– This means working with the International
Building Code or a local code based on IBC• You must be able to properly use the code
governing your area
Exploring Building Codes• International Building Code (IBC)
– Published by the International Code Council (ICC)
– Merger between:• Uniform Building Code (UBC)• National Building Code (NBC)• Building Officials and Code Administrators
International (BOCA)• Standard Building Code (SBC)
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• International Building Code (cont’d)
– Part of a family of codes • Structural• Plumbing• Mechanical• Fire• Residential
– Several other International Codes published by the ICC (e.g., fuel gas, sewage disposal, etc.)
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Building codes influence every aspect of a
construction project– Code book should be available and referred to
frequently• Check with building department to determine the
code for drafting project
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Exploring the IBC
– Each code consists of related books to regulate: • Design and structural• Electrical and energy• Fire• Mechanical• Plumbing• Zoning
– Construction types are numbered from I to V
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Exploring the IBC (cont’d.)
– Additional considerations• Safety requirements• Building systems• Building materials
Determining Design Categories• Occupancy groups
– Specifies by whom or how the structure will be used
• Ten classifications, broken into sub classifications• Group R occupancy categories considerations
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Type of construction
– Five general types of construction• Represented by the Roman numerals I through V
• Building area– Basic square-foot sizes
• May be altered depending on construction techniques
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Determining height
– Occupancy and type of construction will determine maximum height
• Building location and size– Impacted by zoning and the structures use
• Increasing space between buildings lessens chance of additional fire damage and provides greater firefighting equipment access
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Increasing the allowable floor area
– Wood frames cannot be as large or tall as those built of noncombustible materials
• Fire protected structural members may be larger and taller
• Occupancy load– Determined by a ratio of room area to code
specified area per person
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Exits
– Exit paths• Mostly determined by number of occupants
– Determining exits• Refer to text for calculations
– Exit locations• If more than one exit is required, IBC requires at
least two exits be separated by one-half of the diagonal of the area served
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Accessibility requirements for type R
occupancies– Type of living units based on level of
accessibility provided• Type A or B
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Accessibility requirements for type R
occupancies– Additional considerations:
• Accessible routes• Operating controls• Doorways• Kitchens• Toilet and bathing facilities
Using the Codes• Drafter must be aware of classifications
– Many problems will need the code to solve• Requires knowledge of basic code limitations
– Practice using tables in the text and similar tables of the code that govern your area