chapter 4 pipes - emu academic staff directory
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 4
PIPES Prof. Dr. Uğur Atikol
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Materials:
• Lead used to be very popular material due to its
availability, durability and ease of working. It had
environmental problems
• Industrial developments have produced a range
of new materials.
• These materials, such as cast iron, copper,
wrought iron, steel, plastic and stainless steel,
have come into widespread use
History
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Copper as a Pipe Material
Copper:
• Uses: Cold-water service pipes below ground,
all cold- and hot-water supply pipework, heating
system pipework, particularly in small buildings,
and waste pipes.
• Merits: Extremely durable, strong, resistant to
mechanical damage, easily worked, good flow
characteristics.
• Jointing: Welding or by capillary or
compression joints.
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Parts Required for Assembling Copper
Pipes Copper pipe-fittings
Reducing Tee
Reducing Tee
Tee
Elbow
Brass female elbow
Copper male adapter
Brass female adapter
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Source: https://www.familyhandyman.com/plumbing/how-to-solder-
copper-pipe/view-all
Soldering a copper pipe
Joining Copper Pipes
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Installation of copper pipes
Bonding
By soldering
Capillary solder joints have a very neat appearence.
Solder is either applied or is contained in the fitting and
when heated by blowlamp spreads through the joint by
capillary attraction
Joining Copper Pipes
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Joining Copper Pipes
Installation of copper pipes
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• Compression fitting • Capillary fitting
Joining Copper Pipes
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Steel as a Pipe Material
Steel pipe:
• Uses: Hot water, heating and chilled water
installations are the principal uses, but steel
pipes are also used in cold-water distribution
and waste pipework.
• Merits: Steel is cheap, very strong, both for
water pressure and in resisting damage.
Corrosion may be a problem so it should always
be galvanized
• Jointing: Screwed, welding or flanged.
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Parts Required for Assembling
Galvanized Steel Pipes
• Galvanized steel fittings • Union
Nipple
45o Elbow
Cap
Tee Cross
Plug
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screwed joint for steel tubing
Galvanized steel pipes
For galvanized steel pipes jointing is by screwed joints.
Opening Threads on Galvanized Steel
Pipes
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Teflon thread
sealing tape
Union
Gate
valve
Assembled Fittings and Pipe
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No Part MATERIAL
1 Nut Mild steel / S. S.
2 Washer M. S. / S. S. /Almunium
3 Hand wheel Cast Iron / Aluminium
4 Stem Brass
5 Gland nut Brass
6 Gland Brass
7 Packing Asbestos rope
8 Bonnet Bronze
9 Check nut Brass
10 Wegde Bronze
11 Body Bronze
Gate Valve
Gate Valve Assembly
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No. PART MATERIAL
1 Nut Mild steel / S. S.
2 Washer M. S. / S. S. /Almunium
3 Hand wheel Cast Iron / Aluminium
4 Stem Brass
5 Gland nut Brass
6 Gland Brass
7 Packing Asbestos rope
8 Bonnet Bronze
9 Disc Bronze / Neoprene rubber
10 Body Bronze
Globe valve
Globe Valve Assembly
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Butt welding fittings
Steel Pipes
Large diameter pipes can also be obtained with flanges, which facilitate
bolting together, to valves and flanged fittings.
Larger Diameter Steel Pipes
Flanged fittings
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Plastic pipe:
• Uses: Hot water, heating and chilled water
installations are the principal uses, but steel
pipes are also used in cold-water distribution
and waste pipework.
• Merits: Generally light, easily worked, frost
resistant, economical. Some types degrade in
sunlight and several types elongate under
temperature differences
• Jointing: gluing, push-fit, solvent weld joint.
Pipes Made of Plastics
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Different Materials Plastic Pipes Made Of
PB-1 (Polybutylene) pipes PP (Polypropylene) pipes
PE (Polyethylene) pipes Chlorinted Poly Vinyl
Chloride (CPVC) pipes
Poly Vinyl Chloride
(PVC) pipes
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Jointing and
Installation of
CPVC pipes
Gluing together with adhesive in Chlorinted Poly Vinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipes
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• Push-fit connection
Push-Fit Connection Fittings in Plastic Pipes
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Fusion Welding in Plastic Pipes
polypropylene (PP-R) pipes
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PVC drainage
pipes
Access for cleaning
Main
Pipe
Drainage pipes
PVC Drainage Pipes
Cement
pipe
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Rainwater and sewage systems are not mixed.
Installation of Rainwater and Waste Water Pipes
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A Landscape Application