chapter 4 introduction to reactor design
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 4
Introduction to Reactor Design
![Page 2: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The rate equation for a reacting component i is an intensive measure
Rate=f (conditions within the region of volume V)
Equipment in which homogeneous reactions are effected can be one of three general types
The batch
The steady-state flow
The semibatch reactor
![Page 3: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The batch reactor The steady-state flow reactor
Various forms of the semibatch reactor
![Page 4: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
All design is the material balance expressed for any
reactant (or product)
![Page 5: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Batch reactors
Flow reactors
![Page 7: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Constant Density Batch and Flow Systems
For the reaction aA + bB -> rR
Changing Density but with T and Pressure Constant
fluid element changes linearly with conversion
![Page 8: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Between reactant Products and inerts
![Page 9: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Equation of state
PV=ZNRT
At time t=0
PoVo=ZoNoRTo
At time t=t
PV=ZoNRT
𝑃𝑂𝑉𝑂𝑃𝑉
=𝑍𝑂𝑁𝑂𝑇𝑂𝑍𝑁𝑇
𝑉 = 𝑉𝑂(𝑃𝑂𝑃)(𝑍
𝑍𝑂)(𝑇
𝑇𝑂)(𝑁
𝑁𝑂)
![Page 10: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Batch Systems
At time t = 0 , moles of species A, B, C, D, and I
NAO , NBO , NCO , NDO and NIO respectively
Number of moles remaining in the reactor after conversion X
![Page 11: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Increase in the total number of moles per mole of A
reacted
compressibility factor will not change
![Page 12: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A mixture of 28% S02 and 72% air is charged to a flow reactor in which S02 is oxidized.
![Page 13: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• For high-pressure non-ideal gas behaviour replace
• To change to another key reactant, say B
;
• For liquids or isothermal gases with no change pressure and density
![Page 16: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Feed to a steady-flow reactor. The isothermal gas-phase
reaction is
If CA = 40 at the reactor exit, what is CA, XA, and XB
there?
Solution:
![Page 17: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Inert A B R
x=0 100 100 200 0
= (6-3-1) = 2* 1/4 = 0.5
![Page 18: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Chapter 4 Introduction to Reactor Design](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022050512/6271f3d7a2005f21ec34adb5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)