Chapter 4Forearm and Elbow

Forearm

• Bones• _________• ________

• Joints• Wrist• Elbow• __________

• Distal• Proximal

Radius

• Distal Anatomy• _____________

• Ulnar Notch

• Body

Radius

• Proximal Anatomy• Head

• Neck

• _____________

Ulna

• Distal Anatomy• ____________

• Head

• Body

Ulna

• Proximal Anatomy• Radial Notch

• _____________

• Coronoid Tubercle

• Trochlear Notch

• _______________

Forearm Imaging

• AP

• Lateral

• 40” SID

• 60+ kV

AP Forearm

• Arm extended• Level with the table

• Hand supinated• Humeral ____________to IR

• CR to mid forearm• ____________• Include wrist and elbow

Lateral Forearm

• __________________• Level with the table

• Rotate wrist into lateral

• CR to mid forearm

• Collimate• Include ____________

Elbow

• Bones• Humerus

• Distal

• ________• Proximal

• __________• Proximal

Distal Humerus

• Trochlea• ______________• Medial

• _____________• Lateral

• Epicondyles• Medial• Lateral

Elbow Fossa

• Anterior• ____________• Coronoid Fossa

• Posterior• ____________

Fat Pads

• _______________pads of fat• Cushion between muscle and bone• Can indicate pathology

• Wrist and Elbow

Wrist Fat Pad

• _____________• PA and Oblique• Lateral to scaphoid and superior to radius

• __________• Lateral• Anterior to radius

Elbow Fat Pads

• Anterior• Lateral• Anterior to distal humerus

• ______________• Not seen on negative images. Seen on lateral on positive images• Within olecranon fossa

• ____________• Lateral• Anterior to radius

Elbow Imaging

• AP• Lateral• Internal Oblique• External Oblique• 40” SID• 65+ kV

AP Elbow

• Extend arm level with table

• _______________• Align epicondyles parallel with IR

• CR to mid elbow

• Collimate to skin

Lateral Elbow

• _______________• Arm level with table

• CR to mid elbow

• Collimate

• Epicondyles should be ____________

Internal Oblique

• Start in AP

• ______________• Epicondyles 45˚ to IR

• CR to mid elbow

• Collimate to skin

• _____________process seen in profile

External Oblique

• Start in AP

• Externally rotate• Epicondyles 45˚ to IR

• CR to mid elbow

• Collimate to skin

• _______________seen in profile