chapter 29 central nervous system stimulants used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 29Central Nervous System Stimulants Used to Treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Agents Used to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Analeptics and Anorexiants
Analeptics Common central nervous system stimulant
Caffeine
Anorexiants Contain amphetamines
Depress the appetite
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Anorectic Agents
Some used to treat: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) Narcolepsy
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Central Nervous System Stimulants
Cause CNS and cardiovascular stimulation Restlessness Sleeplessness Anxiety Palpitations Tachycardia Arrhythmias Hypertension
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Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Central Nervous System Stimulants
Prolonged use produces psychological dependence and tolerance
(continued)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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ADHD Treatments
Methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) Pemoline (Cylert)
Both amphetamine derivatives Produce a paradoxical effect
Calming effect Improved attention span
Adverse effects GI distress, insomnia, headache, and
depression Growth suppression
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Atomoxetine HCl (Strattera)
Not a CNS stimulant Increases availability of norepinephrine
Improves the thought process Increases the attention span
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease seriously affects memory
Acetylcholine is notably absent Examples of drug agents
Stops the action of cholinesterase inhibitor
Donepezil HCl (Aricept) Rivastigmine tartrate (Exelon)
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Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease
Improves the availability of acetylcholine
Improves memory Adverse/side effects
Mild GI symptoms Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Agitation during initial few weeks
(continued)
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Nursing Implications
Monitor for therapeutic effects. Evaluate for effectiveness.