chapter 28 lesson 4 treatment for poisonings. you’ll learn to… analyze strategies for responding...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 28 Lesson 4
Treatment for Poisonings
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You’ll learn to…
• Analyze strategies for responding to poisonings.
• Analyze strategies for responding to bites and stings.
• Analyze strategies for preventing and responding to skin irritation caused by contact with poisonous plants.
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Treatment for Poisonings• Knowing how to respond to poisoning
emergencies is an important part of first aid.• A poison is any substance—solid, liquid, or gas
that causes injury, illness, or death when introduced into the body.
• Approximately 90% of poisonings occur in the room, and more than half of these poisonings involve children under the age of six.
• Time is critical when a poisoning has occurred, first call 911 for help.
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Types of Poisoning• The substance could be a chemical that is
swallowed, a pesticide that is absorbed through the skin, or …
• Venom a poisonous substances secreted by a snake, spider, or other creature, that is injected into the body through a sting or a bite.
• Certain foods and plants can be poisonous• Gases and vapors may also be poisonous
(carbon monoxide, exhaust fumes, and other fumes from stoves)
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Types of Poisoning continued…• Your poison control center can tell you the
correct procedure to follow in the event of a poisoning.
• A poison control center is a 24-hour hot line that provides emergency medical advice on treating poisoning victims.
• Poison can enter the body in four ways:– Ingestion– Inhalation– Absorption– Injection
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First Aid for Poisoning follow these first-aid tips.• Swallowed poisons vary in their first-aid
treatment because the substances that can be swallowed affect the body differently.
• Quickly try to determine what was swallowed and call your poison control center.
• You may be instructed to give the victim something to dilute the poison or induce vomiting.
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First Aid for Inhaled poisons
• Inhalation is serious because of the damage that can be done to the lungs and other organs.
• Quickly get the person to fresh air.
• Do not breathe the fumes.
• If victim is not breathing, begin rescue breathing
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First Aid for poison on the skin• It must be removed quickly to limit
exposure to the body.
• Remove contaminated clothing
• Rinse the skin continuously with water for 15 minutes
• Then rinse the skin with mild soap and water and rinse again.
• If possible, have someone call 911 while you are rinsing the skin.
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First Aid for poison in the eye
• Immediately start flushing with water for 15 minutes.
• Have the victim blink the eye as much as possible while flooding the eye.
• Have someone call 911 while you are rinsing the eye.
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When you call the poison control center
• Be prepared to give your name, location, & phone number
• Provide name of substance, when and how much was ingested.
• Describe the state of the victim, as well as age and weight.
• Be prepared to follow instructions and answer any questions.
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First Aid for Poisonous Bites & Stings
• Insect and animal stings and bites are among the most common sources of injected poisonings.– Insects --Spiders– Ticks --Scorpions– Snakes --marine life– And other animals
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Snake Bite
• Usually the bite of a venomous snake is not fatal
• A bite can cause severe pain, loss of function and in rare situations, loss of a limb.
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Snake Bite continued…
• Get the victim to the hospital. Keep the victim calm and in the reclining position.
• Keep bitten area at/below the heart. Immobilize the area.
• Call 911 and follow instructions given.• Do not apply ice or heat. Also do not give
aspirin or other drugs.• Maintain breathing and prevent
aggravation of the wound.
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Insect Bites & Stings• Some insects, such as
bee, hornet, yellow jacket, wasp and fire ants, cause painful stings that can produce a strong allergic reaction.
• Those highly allergic can cause a life-threatening condition.
• These people need immediate medical attention
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First Aid for Insect Bites & Stings
• Move to a safe area to avoid further harm.
• Try to remove the stinger by scraping it off.
• Wash the area with mild soap and water to help prevent infection.
• To reduce pain & swelling, apply a cold compress.
• Apply hydrocortisone cream, calamine lotion, or a baking soda paste to the area.
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First Aid for Insect Bites & Stings continued…• If the victim was bitten
by a venomous spider or scorpion and begins to have trouble breathing or shows signs of a sever reaction, call 911 immediately.
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First Aid for Poisonous Plants
• Allergic skin reaction from poison ivy, poison oak or poison sumac.
• Symptoms include blistering, swelling, burning and itching and the person may develop fever.
• The first defense is to recognize and avoid these plants.
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First Aid for Poisonous Plants continued…• If you come in contact, remove
contaminated clothing.
• Flush affected areas with water then wash with soap and water. If a rash develops, use calamine lotion to relieve itching.
• For severe discomfort or pain, seek medical attention.
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Chapter 28 Lesson 4 Review Questions
1. Define the terms poison and venom.2. Poisons can enter the body 4 ways.
Name them and give examples for each one.
3. What information should you have ready when you call a poison control center?
4. Analyze and describe a strategy for preventing an accidental poisoning in your kitchen.