CHAPTER 2.3New Centers of Civilization

What was the most significant cultural invention

of the Phoenicians?

simplified their language by using 22 different signs to represent the sounds of their speech.

letters could be combined to spell all the words in the Phoenician language.

This alphabet was adopted by the Greeks

The Phoenician Alphabet

The Phoenician Alphabet

Why were some of the Phoenicians economic

accomplishments? built ships and became great

international sea traders created a commercial empire that spread

to the Atlantic Produced and traded: glass, lumber, tin,

ivory, metalworks, purple dye

the Phoenician commercial empire

major events in the history of the Israelites

event significancereign of Salomon (970-931 B.C.)

Israel at height of power

Israel overrun by Assyrians (722 B.C.)

Scattered the Israelites throughout the empire

Judah Conquered Destruction of Jerusalem and the first Temple (587 B.C.)Many people sent as captives to Babylonia.

Return to Jerusalem (538-333 B.C.)

Return of the exiled Jews and construction of the second Temple

The Israelites

King Salomon

The First Temple

The Second Temple

How did the Jews’ religion make them different from other people of their time and place? believed in one god (monotheistic) did not worship forces of nature would not take on beliefs of other people would not obey rulers who threatened

their beliefs

Explain the importance of Moses to Hebrew history and religion. under his leadership … descendents of Abraham became a

Nation, left Egypt (the Exodus – 1300 B.C.) transmitted a set of laws from God (the

Ten Commandments) after 40 years in the Sinai Desert … led his people to the land of Israel (a land

promised by God to the descendents of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

Moses

Moses

The Ten Commandments