Chapter 22 Warm UpChapter 22 Warm UpWhy do you think so many Why do you think so many teenagers choose to drink teenagers choose to drink

alcohol before they are legally alcohol before they are legally able to? What are the risks of able to? What are the risks of

doing this?doing this?

Facts about AlcoholFacts about Alcohol

Ethanol is another name for alcohol.Ethanol is another name for alcohol.– It is a powerful and addictive drug.It is a powerful and addictive drug.– It is produced by fermenting fruits, It is produced by fermenting fruits,

vegetables, and grains.vegetables, and grains.– It can be processed to produce different It can be processed to produce different

liquors.liquors.

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There are immediate effects when There are immediate effects when people consume alcohol.people consume alcohol.– A first reaction is an energy rush.A first reaction is an energy rush.– The nervous system slows down.The nervous system slows down.– Clear thinking and good judgment are Clear thinking and good judgment are

diminished.diminished.– A user can become intoxicated, where A user can become intoxicated, where

the body is poisoned and out of control.the body is poisoned and out of control.

Facts That Influence Alcohol Facts That Influence Alcohol UseUse Peer pressure is strong for teens who don’t Peer pressure is strong for teens who don’t

drink, yet want to feel accepted within a drink, yet want to feel accepted within a group who does drink alcohol.group who does drink alcohol.

If family members discourage teens from If family members discourage teens from drinking alcohol, teens will more likely drinking alcohol, teens will more likely avoid drinking because they don’t want avoid drinking because they don’t want parental disapproval.parental disapproval.

If teens recognize what’s behind the media If teens recognize what’s behind the media messages that promote drinking, they can messages that promote drinking, they can better resist these influences.better resist these influences.

Companies that produce alcoholic Companies that produce alcoholic beverages spend billions of dollars to beverages spend billions of dollars to make drinking their products seem make drinking their products seem attractive. Teens need to analyze these attractive. Teens need to analyze these ads.ads.

Alcohol’s Role in Unsafe Alcohol’s Role in Unsafe SituationsSituations

There are laws about using alcohol.There are laws about using alcohol.– It is illegal for ANYONE under 21 to buy, It is illegal for ANYONE under 21 to buy,

possess, or consume alcohol.possess, or consume alcohol.– Teens can be arrested, fined, and Teens can be arrested, fined, and

sentenced to a detention center.sentenced to a detention center. Alcohol is linked to violence and sexual Alcohol is linked to violence and sexual

activity.activity.– Teens who drink are more likely to become Teens who drink are more likely to become

victims of rape or other violent crimes.victims of rape or other violent crimes.

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– Teens who drink become more involved Teens who drink become more involved in fights.in fights.

– Teenage drinkers are more likely to Teenage drinkers are more likely to become sexually active at an earlier age become sexually active at an earlier age and engage in unprotected sex, resulting and engage in unprotected sex, resulting in unwanted pregnancies, HIV and STDs.in unwanted pregnancies, HIV and STDs.

Alcohol abuse is the excessive use of Alcohol abuse is the excessive use of alcohol.alcohol.– About 25 percent of all youth are About 25 percent of all youth are

exposed to family alcohol abuse.exposed to family alcohol abuse.

continuedcontinued– Youth who live with a family member who Youth who live with a family member who

abuses alcohol are at high risk for neglect, abuses alcohol are at high risk for neglect, abuse, and other hardships.abuse, and other hardships.

– A person who begins drinking as a teen is four A person who begins drinking as a teen is four times more likely to develop alcohol times more likely to develop alcohol dependence than an adult is.dependence than an adult is.

Combining alcohol and extracurricular Combining alcohol and extracurricular activities is harmful.activities is harmful.– Students who drink may be ineligible to Students who drink may be ineligible to

participate in extracurricular activities and participate in extracurricular activities and sports or may even be suspended from school.sports or may even be suspended from school.

– A student’s future social, college, and job A student’s future social, college, and job prospects may be harmed.prospects may be harmed.

Being Alcohol FreeBeing Alcohol Free

Maintain a Healthy BodyMaintain a Healthy Body Make Responsible DecisionsMake Responsible Decisions Avoid Risky BehaviorsAvoid Risky Behaviors Avoid Illegal ActivitiesAvoid Illegal Activities

Strategies for Preventing Use Strategies for Preventing Use of Alcoholof Alcohol

Be Prepared to say “No”.Be Prepared to say “No”. Be Assertive.Be Assertive. Refuse to Drink.Refuse to Drink. Leave the Situation Quickly.Leave the Situation Quickly. Call for a Ride Home.Call for a Ride Home. Avoid Parties where Alcohol is Avoid Parties where Alcohol is

Served.Served.

Chapter 22 Lesson 2Chapter 22 Lesson 2

Short-Term Effects of DrinkingShort-Term Effects of Drinking– Small bodies are affected faster than larger Small bodies are affected faster than larger

bodies with the same amount of alcohol.bodies with the same amount of alcohol.– Alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster Alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster

in females.in females.– Food in the stomach slows down the Food in the stomach slows down the

passage of alcohol into the bloodstream.passage of alcohol into the bloodstream.– As the amount of alcohol intake increases, As the amount of alcohol intake increases,

the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also rises.rises.

Alcohol and Drug Alcohol and Drug InteractionsInteractions Alcohol doesn’t mix with medications Alcohol doesn’t mix with medications

or any other drugs.or any other drugs. Alcohol-drug interactions can lead to Alcohol-drug interactions can lead to

illness, injury, or death.illness, injury, or death.– Alcohol may slow down the drug’s Alcohol may slow down the drug’s

absorption.absorption.– Medications can be broken down too Medications can be broken down too

fast to be effective.fast to be effective.– Medications can change into chemicals Medications can change into chemicals

that are damaging.that are damaging.– Alcohol can increase the effects of some Alcohol can increase the effects of some

drugs.drugs.

Alcohol and Drug Alcohol and Drug InteractionsInteractions

The liver metabolizes the alcohol.The liver metabolizes the alcohol. Alcohol-drug interactions can have Alcohol-drug interactions can have

the multiplier effect – the medication the multiplier effect – the medication has a greater or different effect than has a greater or different effect than if taken alone.if taken alone.

Driving Under the InfluenceDriving Under the Influence

Driving while intoxicated (DWI) from Driving while intoxicated (DWI) from alcohol can be dangerous, even deadly.alcohol can be dangerous, even deadly.– Alcohol impairs vision.Alcohol impairs vision.– It slows down reaction time and coordination.It slows down reaction time and coordination.– It increases risk-taking behaviors.It increases risk-taking behaviors.– It reduces a person’s concentration.It reduces a person’s concentration.

A person is intoxicated when his or her A person is intoxicated when his or her blood level exceeds the state’s legal limit.blood level exceeds the state’s legal limit.– Texas limit is .08 BACTexas limit is .08 BAC

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Teens face consequences when they are Teens face consequences when they are caught drinking and driving.caught drinking and driving.– Driving privileges are severely restricted, if not Driving privileges are severely restricted, if not

taken away.taken away.– Parental respect and trust is lost.Parental respect and trust is lost.– Offenders receive a possible police record and Offenders receive a possible police record and

lawsuit.lawsuit.– Insurance rates can go higher.Insurance rates can go higher.– Personal damages and property damage can occur.Personal damages and property damage can occur.– Offenders might be arrested and given heavy fines.Offenders might be arrested and given heavy fines.

Binge DrinkingBinge Drinking

Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting is dangerous.in one sitting is dangerous.

It’s possible to consume a fatal It’s possible to consume a fatal amount of alcohol this way.amount of alcohol this way.

It can cause alcohol poisoning.It can cause alcohol poisoning.

Alcohol PoisoningAlcohol Poisoning

An overdose of alcohol that can cause An overdose of alcohol that can cause a potentially fatal reaction.a potentially fatal reaction.

Alcohol acts as a depressant.Alcohol acts as a depressant. An overdose of alcohol can shut down An overdose of alcohol can shut down

breathing and other involuntary breathing and other involuntary functions.functions.

An intoxicated person can choke and An intoxicated person can choke and be asphyxiated by their own vomit be asphyxiated by their own vomit after consuming too much alcohol.after consuming too much alcohol.

Look for symptoms of alcohol Look for symptoms of alcohol poisoning in someone poisoning in someone

intoxicatedintoxicated There could be mental confusion, There could be mental confusion,

stupor, coma, vomiting, and seizures.stupor, coma, vomiting, and seizures. The respiration slows down greatly.The respiration slows down greatly. There’s an irregular heartbeat.There’s an irregular heartbeat. Hypothermia causes skin to turn Hypothermia causes skin to turn

pale.pale. Vomiting causes severe dehydration.Vomiting causes severe dehydration.

Chapter 22 Lesson 3Chapter 22 Lesson 3

Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the BodyLong-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body– Alcohol consumption leads to addiction, loss Alcohol consumption leads to addiction, loss

of brain function, and brain damage.of brain function, and brain damage.– The heart is damaged or enlarged, and blood The heart is damaged or enlarged, and blood

pressure levels are raised.pressure levels are raised.– The liver builds up excess fat, becomes The liver builds up excess fat, becomes

infected, and develops cirrhosis.infected, and develops cirrhosis.– Alcohol can cause stomach ulcers and Alcohol can cause stomach ulcers and

cancer.cancer.– Alcohol begins to destroy the pancreas and Alcohol begins to destroy the pancreas and

its lining.its lining.

Alcohol During PregnancyAlcohol During Pregnancy

Alcohol passes from the mother’s Alcohol passes from the mother’s body into the bloodstream of the body into the bloodstream of the fetus.fetus.

Alcohol can cause permanent Alcohol can cause permanent damage to the fetus.damage to the fetus.

The central nervous system of the The central nervous system of the fetus is affected by alcohol.fetus is affected by alcohol.

Effects of Fetal Alcohol Effects of Fetal Alcohol SyndromeSyndrome

A baby can be born with a small (er than A baby can be born with a small (er than normal) head.normal) head.

The body can become deformed.The body can become deformed. There can be vision and hearing There can be vision and hearing

problems.problems. A baby can grow abnormally slowly and A baby can grow abnormally slowly and

suffer from coordination problems.suffer from coordination problems. FAS is the leading cause of mental FAS is the leading cause of mental

retardation.retardation.

AlcoholicsAlcoholics

They are dependent on alcohol.They are dependent on alcohol. They cannot limit their intake.They cannot limit their intake. They may experience nausea, shakiness, They may experience nausea, shakiness,

and other physical withdrawal symptoms.and other physical withdrawal symptoms. Their bodies need increasingly more Their bodies need increasingly more

alcohol to feel its effects.alcohol to feel its effects. They often suffer repeated injuries and They often suffer repeated injuries and

accidents.accidents. They usually have poor relationships with They usually have poor relationships with

family members.family members.

Stages of AlcoholismStages of Alcoholism

Stage 1 – The abuse of alcohol.Stage 1 – The abuse of alcohol. Stage 2 – The dependence of alcohol.Stage 2 – The dependence of alcohol. Stage 3 – The addiction of alcohol.Stage 3 – The addiction of alcohol.

Effects on family and Effects on family and SocietySociety

Alcohol is a major factor in four Alcohol is a major factor in four leading causes of death: car leading causes of death: car accidents, falls, drowning, and house accidents, falls, drowning, and house fires.fires.

Alcohol can cause violent crimes, Alcohol can cause violent crimes, such as homicide and rape.such as homicide and rape.

Alcohol is a major factor in domestic Alcohol is a major factor in domestic violence.violence.

Alcohol harms the emotional and Alcohol harms the emotional and social health of people associated social health of people associated with alcoholics.with alcoholics.

Treatment for Alcohol AbuseTreatment for Alcohol Abuse

Alcoholism cannot be cured.Alcoholism cannot be cured. It can be treated through counseling It can be treated through counseling

and medication.and medication.