chapter 22 section 2 china & japan p. 647-648. by the 1890’s, japan & the leading european...
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Chapter 22Section 2
China & Japan
p. 647-648
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By the 1890’s, Japan & the leading European powers had carved out Spheres of Influence in China – sections of the country where each of the foreign nations enjoyed special rights & powers.
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What other countries had claims to China? Japan, Germany, Great Britain, France & Russia.
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What was America afraid would happen if we did not do something about the growing power of foreigners? We would be squeezed out of the trade.
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Open Door Policy• What is an Open Door Policy
(O.D.P)? A policy that allowed each foreign nation in China to trade freely in the other nation’s spheres of influence.
• The Boxers were a secret martial arts society that led a violent uprising against the “foreign devils.” (this was called the Boxer Rebellion.)
• The Boxers wanted to stop the Open Door Policy.
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Foreign troops defeated the Boxers.Because of the Boxer Rebellion, all countries agreed to accept a 2nd Open Door Policy which stressed:
1. China should maintain it’s independence.2. All should respect China’s borders.
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Japan In the Treaty of Kanagawa, the Japanese
agreed to open up ports to U.S. ships.
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Later, Japan wanted to extend power in Asia (they wanted the resources), & began to ignore the Open Door Policy. This led to fighting between Japan & Russia, called the Russo-Japanese War. (After a year of fighting, both groups wanted peace.)
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Both groups signed the Treaty of Portsmouth.(in 1905 – Theodore Roosevelt assisted. Treaty gave Japan control of Korea, but Japan had to agree to halt expansion.
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Why did the US start to dislike Japan after the Treaty of Portsmouth? Japan developed strongest navy in Pacific & it challenged the U.S.
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Roosevelt sent 16 White Warships (known as the Great White Fleet on a cruise around the world to “show off” our navy.
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This did impress the Japanese because they saw the power of the U.S.
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U.S. & Japanese resolved many of their differences.