chapter 20, section 3 “the atlantic slave trade”
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 20, Section 3 “The Atlantic Slave Trade”
The Causes of African Slavery
Slavery in Africa Oincreased with spread of Islam during 7th century Ohad some legal rights Oleave bondage, like marrying into family they served
Slavery in AfricaO Not a new conceptO 7th century spread of
Islam increases slave tradeO Across the Sahara, the
Red Sea and the Indian Ocean
O JustificationO Muslim belief non-Muslim
prisoners can be bought and sold
O b/t 650 -1600 17 million Africans transported throughout Muslim land in North Africa
The Demand for Africans OEuropeans saw advantages in using Africans
O immunity to diseases O experience in farming O less likely to escape, didn’t know their way O skin color made them easier to catch
OAtlantic slave trade – buying, transporting, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas
Spain and Portugal Lead the Way OSpanish first to import African slaves
O PlantationsO Gold and silver mines
OPortuguese surpassed Spanish O Brazil – more than 40% of all slaves
sent to work on plantations
Slavery Spreads Throughout the Americas
England Dominates the Slave Trade Oleading carrier of enslaved Africans from 1690-1807Otransported nearly 1.7 million to the West Indies O400,000 to North American colonies
African Cooperation and Resistance
OAfrican merchants and some rulers participated
O traded slaves for gold, guns, and other goods
Osome rulers voiced opposition
A Forced Journey
The Triangular Trade – O transatlantic trading network
along which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in the Americas
The Middle Passage O middle leg of transatlantic
trade triangle O slaves packed into ships O whippings and disease O many committed suicide
O Most ships provided slaves with enough room to sit upright, but not enough to stand
O Others forced slaves to lie in chains with barely 20 inches space between them
Slavery in the Americas
A Harsh Life Oauctioned off to highest bidder Oworked in mines, fields, or as domestic servants Omany lived on little food in small huts Oworked long days and suffered beatings Omostly a lifelong condition and hereditary
Resistance and Rebellion O developed a way of life based on
cultural heritage O musical traditions O stories of their ancestors
O made themselves less productive O broke tools, uprooted plants, worked slowly O thousands ran away
O uprising in Hispaniola, Brazil, W. Indies, N. America
Consequences of the Slave Trade
Africa Olost fittest members – the young and able Ofamilies were torn apart Ointroduced guns into the continent
The Americas Owithout labor, some colonies wouldn’t have survived Oexpertise in agriculture Oculture – art, music, religion, and food Osubstantial African-American population
Daily Essential Questions
1.What factors led European colonists to use Africans to resupply their labor force?
2.How did African slaves contribute to the development of the Americas?