Chapter 20Chapter 20

Toward an Urban AmericaToward an Urban America

1. Immigrants came to the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s for jobs and to escape persecution (mistreatment).

2. Immigrants who came from Europe crossed the Atlantic Ocean and landed at Ellis Island.

Ellis Island- where immigrants had to stop before entering the U.S.

Registry room at Ellis Island

3. The immigrants who landed at Ellis Island saw the Statue of Liberty standing in New York Harbor. The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the United States from France.

Kids at Ellis Island

4. Immigrants who came from Asia crossed the Pacific Ocean in a few weeks and landed at Angel Island in San Fransisco Bay.

5. In the mid 1800s, many immigrants who came to the United States could not speak English.

6. Some people in the U.S. blamed immigrants for crime, unemployment, and other problems.

7. For an immigrant to become a citizen, they had to go through a process called naturalization. This process involved living in the U.S. for 5 years, take and pass a test in English, and say the pledge.

8. The first law passed to limit immigration was the Chinese Exclusion Act.

9. Jacob Riis was an author who wrote about gangs in New York. As cities grew, crime increased.

10. In cities, many people lived in crowded, poorly built apartment houses called tenements.

11. Tenements were located in slums, poor urban areas.

12.Many Public schools were built in the early 1900s. John Dewey, wanted schools to not just make kids memorize, but to relate learning to the students interests.

13.Booker T. Washington started Tuskegee Institute in Alabama to provide practical education for African Americans.

14.George Washington Carver worked at Tuskegee Institute. He developed hundreds of uses for the peanut: plastic, rubber, shaving cream, paper.

Booker T. Washington

George Washington Carver invented several uses for the peanut

15. The Brooklyn Bridge was opened in New York in 1883. It connected Manhattan with Brooklyn in New York.

16. Many people in the early 1900s began to attend spectator sports, like baseball, football, and basketball

High school football team

17. Different types of music became popular. Ragtime was a popular music.

18. Nickelodeons were short films that cost 5 cents. These were the beginning of the film industry.

The first theaters were called nickelodeons