chapter 2 - pfd

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74 CHAPTER 2 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM 2.1 MASS BALANCE  A balance on a c onserved qu antity in a system may b e written in the foll owing general way: (4.1) The material balance general equation can be simplified by using following rules: If the balance quantity is total mass, set g eneration = 0 and consumption = 0. Except in nuclear reaction, mass can either be created nor destroyed. If the balance substance is a nonreactive species (neither a reactant nor a product), set generation = 0 and consumption = 0. If a system is a steady state, set accumulation = 0, regardless of what is being balance. By definition, in a steady-state system nothing can change with time, including the amount of the balance quantity. From the calculations, it is assumed that: The fresh butanol and acetic acid feed flow rate is 10000 kg/h.

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