chapter 2 - instruments
DESCRIPTION
music appreciation - instrumentsTRANSCRIPT
Woodwind Family
FLUTE
Reedless
Produces sound from the flow of air across mouthpiece
Aside from voice, earliest known instrument
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=How+It%27s+Made+Flute&Form=VQFRVP#view=detail&mid=E182041B9314B7D4D248E182041B9314B7D4D248
Piccolo
Italian for ‘small’
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=piccolo+demonstration&FORM=VIRE9#view=detail&mid=601925F8136BF279816F601925F8136BF279816F
Woodwind Family
Clarinet
Single-Reed Mouthpiece
Like the flute, uses a system of keys and holes to produce
various pitches
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=How+It%27s+Made+Saxophone&Form=VQFRVP#view=detail&mid=050E55AF5210E31354AA050E55AF5210E31354AA
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=bass%20clarinet%20demonstration&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=bass%20clarinet%20demonstration&sc=0-21&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&mid=AF2E65218FCE903C9AF4AF2E65218FCE903C9AF4
Woodwind Family
Oboe Double-Reed Instrument
Similar to Clarinet, uses key and has a flared bell
Sound made from blowing into the reed and vibrating
a column of air
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=oboe+demonstration&FORM=VIRE1#view=detail&mid=DB5CAD84D06D6C32937DDB5CAD84D06D6C32937D
English Horn (Cor Anglais – French)
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=english+horn+solo&FORM=VIRE5#view=detail&mid=2897576BB53B651BEB6C2897576BB53B651BEB6C
Woodwind Family
Saxophone
Usually made of brass
Single-reed mouthpiece, similar to clarinet
Invented by Adolphe Sax, in 1840
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=saxophone+solo&qs=VI&form=QBVR&pq=saxophone&sc=8-9&sp=3&sk=VI2#view=detail&mid=DFD562F126FAF354DE5ADFD562F126FAF354DE5A
Woodwind Family
Bassoon
Translates to ‘bundle of sticks’
Double-Reed Instrument, like the oboe
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=bassoon+demonstration&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=bassoon+demonstration&sc=0-0&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&mid=BB27F4265FD59509913ABB27F4265FD59509913A
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=contrabassoon+solo&FORM=VIRE1#view=detail&mid=BD91F769C355B178F234BD91F769C355B178F234
Brass Family
Trumpet
Highest member of brass family
Played by blowing air through almost-closed lips, producing a buzzing sound
Valves
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=How+It%27s+Made+Trumpets&Form=VQFRVP#view=detail&mid=1811C948E9A695B66EB91811C948E9A695B66EB9
Brass Family
French Horn
Unlike other brass instruments, the bore gradually increases in width through most of its length
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=french+horn&FORM=VIRE7#view=detail&mid=352E17DD2976E8FC4CE8352E17DD2976E8FC4CE8
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=french+horn+how+it's+made&qs=OS&sk=&FORM=QBVR&pq=french%20horn%20how%20its&sc=1-19&sp=1&qs=OS&sk=#view=detail&mid=2C631C4C775C7A8B53AF2C631C4C775C7A8B53AF
Brass Family
Trombone
Most have slide mechanism that varies the length of the instrument to change the pitch
Italian for ‘large trumpet’
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=How+It%27s+Made+Trombone&Form=VQFRVP#view=detail&mid=1B00DA9CA81F74718F491B00DA9CA81F74718F49
Brass Family
Tuba
Lowest-pitched member of brass family
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=How+It%27s+Made+Tuba&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq=how+it%27s+made+tub&sc=6-17&sp=-1&sk=#view=detail&mid=26889B393249227BD1B526889B393249227BD1B5
String Family
Violin
Highest member of the string family
Smallest member of the string family
4 strings (Highest – Lowest E, A, D, G)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_BzcAyBbi8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LFj1ZkuuFKo
String Family
Viola
2nd highest member of string family
Held same way as violin (on shoulder)
Four strings (highest to lowest A, D, G, C)
String Family
Cello
2nd lowest member of the string family
Four strings (Highest to Lowest A, D, G, C)
Strings 1 octave lower than viola
Held between legs
Has endpin to support and balance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-B8k0n_3cs
String Family
Double Bass
Also called the contrabass or just bass
Lowest member of the string family
Four Strings (highest to lowest G, D, A, E)
Usually played standing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyUZh_Cbw6Q
String Family
Harp
Date back to 3500BC
Most modern harps made of wood with nylon strings
Pedals operated by the player’s feet control
different pitches (making the note flat, sharp or natural)
Percussion Family
Timpani
Also known as the kettle drums
Made of copper (kettle)
Heads (or skins)
Played by striking the head with a mallet (or stick)
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=timpani+demonstration&FORM=VIRE1#view=detail&mid=F479E120E0F761746B12F479E120E0F761746B12
Percussion Family
Xylophone
Vibraphone
Glockenspiel
Marimba
https://www.bing.com/search?q=xylophone&filters=ufn%3a%22xylophone%22+sid%3a%2205b5e161-33e8-6434-3e6e-be797c35af92%22&FORM=SNAPST
Percussion Family
Snare Drum
Also known as side drum
Known for it’s ‘staccato’ sound
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPD4Ae-Zv_Y
Keyboard Family
Harpsichord
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=harpsichord&FORM=VIRE3#view=detail&mid=93BF82D02E487CA843EC93BF82D02E487CA843EC
Pianoforte
Organ
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=toccata+and+fugue+in+d+minor&FORM=VIRE1#view=detail&mid=BF95C7043E19CEFA309ABF95C7043E19CEFA309A