Mader's Concepts in Biology, First Edition

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Sylvia S. Mader

Chapter 16

Question 1

Which of the following is not true about viruses?

A. they are noncellular

B. they are prokaryotic

C. they can cause disease

D. they are parasitic

E. they can have RNA or DNA

Question 2

Which of the following groups of organisms would be used in gene therapy?

A. bacteria

B. archaea

C. viruses

D. protists

E. fungi

Question 3

If you were studying different diseases which are caused by viruses, which of the following would you not be interested in studying?

A. polioB. AIDSC. smallpoxD. cervical cancerE. Chlamydia

Question 4

Which of the following is not a beneficial role that bacteria play in the ecosystem?

A. they function as bioremediators

B. they are decomposers

C. they produce antibiotics

D. they can be used in gene therapy

E. they produce oxygen

Question 5

Which of these is the most accurate description of a virus?

A. a noncellular organismB. it is a type of bacteriaC. a member of the kingdom VirusaeD. they are a cell at the boundary between

living and nonliving thingsE. chemical complexes of RNA and DNA

protected by protein

Question 6

The innermost core of a virus's structure is made up of:

A. a membrane envelope

B. both DNA and RNA

C. either DNA or RNA

D. a protein capsid

E. a protein spore coat

Question 7

The capsid of a virus is composed of:

A. RNA

B. protein

C. DNA

D. cellulose

E. lipid

Question 8

If you were a biologist studying viruses which are considered to be "naked," which of the following structures would not be present?

A. an envelope

B. a capsid

C. DNA

D. RNA

E. protein in the inner core

Question 9

Viruses reproduce by:

A. conjugation

B. exchanging gametes

C. exchanging genes

D. using the metabolic machinery of the host cell

E. binary fission

Question 10

Which of the following is not true about the prebiotic soup hypothesis?

A. it hypothesizes that the Earth had a reducing atmosphere

B. it hypothesizes there was abundant energyC. iron sulfides are needed to facilitate this chemical

reactionD. it is supported by the works of Miller and UreyE. water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other

chemicals were needed to facilitate this chemical reaction

Question 11

If you were writing a paper on the works of Wachtershauser and Huber's hypothesis on how the first cells arose, your paper would highlight which of the following hypotheses?

A. the virus first hypothesisB. the iron-sulfur world hypothesisC. the facultative anaerobe hypothesisD. the prebiotic soup hypothesisE. the lysogenic hypothesis

Question 12

A biologist is studying the type of viral reproduction which does not immediately occur, but may take place sometime in the future. Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

A. the attachment cycle

B. the lytic cycle

C. the maturation cycle

D. the integration cycle

E. the lysogenic cycle

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of stages in the lytic cycle?

A. attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release

B. attachment, biosynthesis, penetration, maturation, release

C. attachment, maturation, biosynthesis, penetration, release

D. attachment, penetration, maturation, biosynthesis, release

E. attachment, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration, release

Question 14

If you were studying the lytic cycle of viral reproduction, which stage would not be included in your studies?

A. penetration

B. biosynthesis

C. integration

D. maturation

E. attachment

Question 15

Which stage of viral reproduction takes place when the DNA and capsids are assembled together?

A. the attachment stage

B. the penetration stage

C. the biosynthesis stage

D. the maturation stage

E. the release stage

Question 16

When a bacteriophage attaches to a bacteria cell:

A. the whole bacteriophage enters the cell

B. only the capsid coat enters the cell

C. only the DNA enters the cell

D. no parts of the bacteriophage enter the cell

E. only the envelope enters the cell

Question 17

Which of the following is false about viruses which infect plants?

A. there are approximately 2,000 plant diseases attributed to viruses

B. plant viruses often kill the host plantC. the symptoms of plants infected with a virus include

stunted growth and a discoloration of leavesD. plant viruses can be spread by contaminated soil or

pollenE. plant viruses can be spread via insects and

nematodes

Question 18

Which statement is not true about a retrovirus?

A. it contains a DNA genome

B. it contains the enzyme reverse transcriptase

C. it is able to carry out the transcription of RNA to DNA

D. it contains a genome of RNA

E. viral DNA remains in the host genome

Question 19

If you were a biologist studying how an RNA virus such as HIV can attack and infect a human cell which contains DNA, you would be studying which of the following enzymes?

A. RNA transcriptaseB. RNA polymeraseC. DNA transcriptaseD. DNA polymeraseE. reverse transcriptase

Question 20

Which of the following is not considered a relatively new and emergent virus?

A. SARS

B. Avian influenza

C. Ebola

D. HIV

E. West Nile encephalitis

Answer Key – Chapter 161. B2. C3. E4. D5. E6. C7. B8. A9. D10. C

11. B12. E13. A14. C15. C16. C17. B18. A19. E20. D