chapter 15-18: classification of organisms. taxonomy classification & naming of life carolus...
Post on 20-Dec-2015
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The Kingdoms of Life
Archaea EukaryaBacteria
Archaea ProtistaBacteria Animalia PlantaeFungi
• Before the creation of “domains”
- 5 Kingdoms
• Now:
- 3 Domains 6 Kingdoms
ProtistaMonera Animalia PlantaeFungi
Review of Prokaryotes
• Includes Archaea and Bacteria
• Lack nucleus
• Majority of DNA = single large ring
• Reproduce via binary fission
• Posses cell wall different from plants
- Extreme environment (i.e., salt lakes, acidic hot springs, deep-sea hydrothermal vents)
- More closely related to eukaryotes
Domain Archaea
Prokaryotes help recycle chemicals and clean up the environment– Bioremediation
• Is the use of organisms to clean up pollution
– Prokaryotes are decomposers in• Sewage treatment and can clean up oil spills and toxic
mine wastes
Liquid wastes Outflow
Rotatingspray arm
Rock bed coated withaerobicbacteriaand fungi
Protista (Protists)
• First eukaryotes
• Most diverse kingdom
• Mostly unicellular
• Often grouped as:– Plant-like (algae)– Animal-like (protozoans)– Fungi-like (slime molds)
Fungi
• Heterotrophic– Decomposers
• Chitin Cell Walls
• Multicellular
• Practical Uses– Penicillium– Yeast
Plantae (Plants)
= multicellular, autotrophic eukaryotes that contain cell walls made of cellulose– Usually Terrestrial– Sedentary– Indeterminate growth
Bryophytes (nonvascular plants)
• Mosses, hornworts, and liverworts
• No vascular tissue– Small bodied
• Obtain water and nutrients through osmosis and diffusion
• H2O required for fertilization
Seedless Vascular Plants
• Ferns and club mosses
• Vascular tissue present– Larger size
• H2O required for
fertilization
Seed Plants (Vascular)
• Dependent upon pollination • Seed = embryo + food + protective coat
– Dispersal– Dormancy– Germination– Nourishment
• Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Animalia (animals)
• Multicellular heterotrophs with no cell wall
• Active Movement
• Diverse in form and habitat
• Reproduce sexually
• Unique embryonic development and tissues
Kingdom Animalia
• Phlya:– Porifera– Cnidaria– Platyhelmenthes– Nematoda– Molluska– Annelida– Arthropoda– Echinodermata– Chordata