chapter 13 section 2. johann gutenberg 1455, in mainz, germany, printed the first complete edition...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 13 Section 2
Johann Gutenberg
1455, in Mainz, Germany, printed the first complete edition of the Bible using a printing press with movable type
Transformed Europe
A Revolution in Printing
Before the printing press:
1. A few thousand books throughout Europe
2. All books were hand written
3. Books were expensive
After the printing press:
1. By 1500, 20 million books had been printed
2. Books were cheaper
3. Books were readily available
4. More people learned to read
5. New Knowledge
The Renaissance moves North
Began in the region of Flanders(France, Belgium, Netherlands)
Flanders was a thriving center of trade for Northern Europe
From Flanders, the Renaissance spread to Spain, France, Germany, and England
Jan van Eyck One of the most important Flemish painters Used rich, realistic detail in his works
Portrait of GiovanniArnolfini and His Wife
Flemish PaintersPieter Bruegel- used vibrant colors to portray peasant
scenes “Peasant Bruegel”
Addressed religious and classical themes
Peter Paul Rubens- blended Flemish painting and Italian
painting techniques
Scholar and humanist; wide knowledge base
“Leonardo of the North”
Albrecht Dürer- traveled to Italy to study Italian masters Took these ideas and spread Renaissance techniques to
Northern Europe He applied his new knowledge of painting techniques to
engraving Engraving- etching a design on to a metal plate with acid
Dürer’s nature paintings
What other artist was interested in nature?
Dürer self-portrait
Vernacular
Renaissance writers still wrote in Latin, however, many writers began writing in the vernacular
Vernacular- everyday language of the people
How does the vernacular revolutionize reading and writing?
Desiderius Erasmus Important scholar of his time Used his knowledge of classical language to produce a
Greek edition of the Bible Helped spread Renaissance humanism Wanted the Bible translated into the vernacular so it
was available to everyone, he wanted to be able to read the bible
Believed that people should show good will to one another.
Called for reforms of the church
Sir Thomas More Pressed for social reform Wrote Utopia His book described an ideal society where men
and women lived in peace and harmony Utopian- any ideal society ( with the
implication that such a society is ultimately impractical)
François Rabelais
Monk, physician, Greek scholar, author, French Humanist
Wrote Garantua and Pantagruel
About the adventures of 2 gentle giants
On the surface was a funny tale, but it also tackled serious subjects such as religion and education
Rabelais was deeply religious, but had doubts about the organized church
William Shakespeare
English poet and playwright His genius was in expressing universal themes
in everyday, realistic settings He is responsible for the creation of over 1700
new words Wrote 37 plays that are still performed today
Shakespeare continued…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geev441vbMI
academe accused addiction advertising amazement
arouse assassination backing bandit bedroom
beached besmirch birthplace blanket bloodstained
barefaced blushing bet bump buzzer
caked cater champion circumstantialcold-blooded
compromise courtship countless critic dauntless
dawn deafening discontent dishearten drugged
dwindle epileptic equivocal elbow excitement
exposure eyeball fashionable fixture flawed
frugal generous gloomy gossip green-eyed worthless zany gnarled grovel
gust hint hobnob hurried impede
impartial invulnerable jaded label lackluster
laughable lonely lower luggage lustrous
madcap majestic marketable metamorphize mimic
monumental moonbeam mountaineer negotiate noiseless
obscene obsequiously ode olympian outbreak
panders pedantpremeditated puking radiance
rant remorseless savagery scuffle secure
skim milk submerge summit swagger torture
tranquil undress unreal varied vaulting