chapter 12-services key issue 1-where did services originate
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 12-Services
Key Issue 1-Where Did Services Originate
Key Issue 1
• Occurs in all societies, but more prevalent in MDCs
• Types of Services
• Consumer Services-provides services to customers
• Retail and Wholesale Services
• Education Services
• Health Services
Services (continued)
• Leisure and Hospitality Services
• Business Services
• Financial Services-”FIRE”-financial, insurance, real estate
• Professional Services
• Transportation and Similar Services
• Public Services
Contemporary Rural Settlements
• Clustered rural settlements-# of families live in close proximity to each other
• Dispersed rural settlements-farmers living on individual farms isolated from their neighbors
• Circular or linear settlements
• Colonial American Clustered Settlements
Enclosure Movement
• British government changed rural landscape from clustered to dispersed settlements
Key Issue 2
• Central place theory-market center for the exchange of goods
• Hinterland-area surrounding service from which customers are attracted is known as this
• Range of service-maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service, for example grocery store, video rentals, but they may be willing to go farther to go to a little league baseball game or concert
• Does this make sense to you?
Threshold of a service
• Threshold-what is the minimum number of people needed to support the service
• Market Area Analysis-what is the profitability of a location, optimal location within a market
• Gravity model-predicts optimal location of a service that is directly related to # of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it
• See page 409-best location in a nonlinear settlement
Nesting of services and settlements
• Diagram page 410• Rank-size rule-largest settlement in largest
area (city), 2nd largest city is ½ the size of the largest, 4th largest is ¼ size of the largest and so on
• Primate city-country’s largest city• Primate city rule-largest settlement has
more than twice as many people as the 2nd ranking settlement (figure 12-9)
Key Issue 3
• Ancient world cities
• Earliest urban settlements-Ur in Mesopotamia
• Ancient Athens-2500 B.C.-oldest Knossos on island of Crete
• Ancient Rome
• Medieval World Cities-figure 12-11
Modern World Cities
• London, NYC, Tokyo
Key Issue 4
• CBD-central business district-downtown areas typically
• High land cost in CBD
• Skyscrapers-think about Tokyo-can’t build out, must build up
• Figure 12-19, page 426