Chapter 12, section Chapter 12, section 1 1

Electrons Electrons and and

Chemical BondingChemical Bonding

Bell Work 12-1-14Bell Work 12-1-14PlickersPlickers

1. When elements form mixtures, the elements

A. keep their original properties.B. react to form a new substance with

new properties.C. combine in a specific mass ratio.D. always change their physical state.

Write the question and answer!

Student Learning ObjectivesStudent Learning Objectives::

SPI 0807.9.1SPI 0807.9.1- Recognize that all matter consists - Recognize that all matter consists of atoms.of atoms.

SPI 0807.9.4SPI 0807.9.4 - Differentiate between a mixture - Differentiate between a mixture and a compound.and a compound.

SPI 0807.9.9SPI 0807.9.9 - Use the periodic table to - Use the periodic table to determine the properties of an element.determine the properties of an element. DescribeDescribe chemical bonding. chemical bonding. Identify the Identify the numbernumber of valence electrons in an of valence electrons in an

atom.atom.

TOC:TOC:#63. Ch 12, section 1 Notes#63. Ch 12, section 1 Notes#64. Valence Electrons#64. Valence Electrons

HW:HW: Thursday- Element #11-20 Quiz Thursday- Element #11-20 Quiz Friday- Word Wall Crossword Puzzle dueFriday- Word Wall Crossword Puzzle due

Element Quiz #2 on Thursday! Element Quiz #2 on Thursday!

You need to know the Element You need to know the Element Name, Symbol, and Atomic # for Name, Symbol, and Atomic # for

Elements 11-20.Elements 11-20.

Electrons and Chemical Electrons and Chemical BondingBonding

Cool Link!Cool Link!

Chemical bonding is the Chemical bonding is the joiningjoining of atoms to form new of atoms to form new substances.substances.

An interaction that holds two An interaction that holds two atoms together is called a atoms together is called a chemical chemical bondbond. When chemical . When chemical bonds form, electrons are bonds form, electrons are sharedshared or or transferredtransferred..

The number of electrons in an The number of electrons in an atom can be determined from atom can be determined from the the atomicatomic numbernumber of the of the element.element.

Electrons in an atom are Electrons in an atom are organized in energy organized in energy levelslevels: : 11stst – – 22; 2; 2ndnd – – 88; 3; 3rdrd – – 1818. .

ValenceValence electrons are the electrons are the number of electrons on the number of electrons on the outermostoutermost (last) energy level (last) energy level

You can use the You can use the periodic tableperiodic table to determine the number of to determine the number of valencevalence electrons for atoms of electrons for atoms of some elementssome elements

The number of electrons in the The number of electrons in the valence level of an atom valence level of an atom determine whether an atom will determine whether an atom will formform bonds. bonds.

Atoms that have Atoms that have 88 electrons in electrons in their valence level do not usually their valence level do not usually form bonds. The outermost form bonds. The outermost energy level is considered to be energy level is considered to be fullfull if it contains 8 electrons. if it contains 8 electrons.

An atom that has An atom that has fewerfewer than 8 than 8 valence electrons is more likely valence electrons is more likely to form bonds than an atom to form bonds than an atom that has 8 valence electrons. that has 8 valence electrons. Atoms bond by Atoms bond by gaininggaining & & losinglosing electrons or electrons or sharingsharing electrons to have a filled electrons to have a filled outermost energy level.outermost energy level.

Move around the room!Move around the room!

Show Time! Show Time! 1. Which of the following atoms do not usually 1. Which of the following atoms do not usually

form bonds? form bonds?

a.a. CalciumCalcium

b.b. NeonNeon

c.c. HydrogenHydrogen

d.d. OxygenOxygen

2. When bonding occurs, the joining of two 2. When bonding occurs, the joining of two atoms will form a _______ _____________.atoms will form a _______ _____________.

3. How can an atom that has 5 valence electrons 3. How can an atom that has 5 valence electrons achieve a full set of valence electrons? achieve a full set of valence electrons?

4. Identify the number of valence electrons in a 4. Identify the number of valence electrons in a barium atom. barium atom.

Justify!

Check!Check!1. Which of the following atoms do not usually 1. Which of the following atoms do not usually

form bonds? form bonds?

a.a. CalciumCalcium

b.b. NeonNeon

c.c. HydrogenHydrogen

d.d. OxygenOxygen

2. When bonding occurs, the joining of two atoms 2. When bonding occurs, the joining of two atoms will form a will form a new substancenew substance..

3. How can an atom that has 5 valence electrons 3. How can an atom that has 5 valence electrons achieve a full set of valence electrons? achieve a full set of valence electrons? They They will share or gain 3 electrons.will share or gain 3 electrons.

4. Identify the number of valence electrons in a 4. Identify the number of valence electrons in a barium atom.barium atom.

A barium atom has 2 valence electrons.A barium atom has 2 valence electrons.

It’s a noble gas!

Valence ElectronsValence ElectronsColor each Group:Color each Group:

1.1.Group 1 – redGroup 1 – red

2.2.Group 2 – blueGroup 2 – blue

3.3.Group 13 – yellowGroup 13 – yellow

4.4.Group 14 – brownGroup 14 – brown

5.5.Group 15 – orangeGroup 15 – orange

6.6.Group 16 – violetGroup 16 – violet

7.7.Group 17 – greenGroup 17 – green

8.8.Group 18 – light Group 18 – light blueblue

Label the following Label the following groupsgroups:: Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals Alkaline Earth Alkaline Earth

MetalMetal Transition MetalsTransition Metals Halogens Halogens Noble GasesNoble Gases

Exit TicketExit Ticket

Look at the model. How many Look at the model. How many valence electrons are in the valence electrons are in the Nitrogen atom? Will Nitrogen Nitrogen atom? Will Nitrogen atoms form bond? Explain. atoms form bond? Explain.