chapter 12 section 1 (22 slides) 1. the sui dynasty 581 – 618 a.d. founded by general wendi...
TRANSCRIPT
The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty
581 – 618 A.D.581 – 618 A.D.
founded by General Wendi founded by General Wendi
POSITIVE:POSITIVE:
Wendi won many battles Wendi won many battles
Wendi reunited ChinaWendi reunited China2
The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty
Wendi DiedWendi Died
Wendi’s son took the throneWendi’s son took the throne
YangdiYangdiPOSITIVE:POSITIVE:
rebuilt the Great Wallrebuilt the Great Wall
built the Grand Canalbuilt the Grand Canal
united & strengthened China’s economyunited & strengthened China’s economy3
The Sui DynastyThe Sui Dynasty
YangdiYangdiNEGATIVE:NEGATIVE:
building projects forced farmers to work on building projects forced farmers to work on the Great Wall & Grand Canalthe Great Wall & Grand Canal
people had to pay high taxes for projectspeople had to pay high taxes for projects
farmers revoltedfarmers revolted
army takes control & kills Yangdiarmy takes control & kills Yangdi
Sui Dynasty ends in 618 A.D.Sui Dynasty ends in 618 A.D. 4
The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty
618 – 907 A.D.618 – 907 A.D.
one of Yangdi’s generals took controlone of Yangdi’s generals took control
Changan = Capital CityChangan = Capital City
rulers tried different reforms to improve rulers tried different reforms to improve China’s governmentChina’s government reformreform – change intended to bring – change intended to bring
improvementsimprovements
used Civil Service Examsused Civil Service Exams5
The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty
Emperor TaizongEmperor Taizong
Tang’s most powerful emperorTang’s most powerful emperor
restored Civil Service Examrestored Civil Service Exam
POSITIVE:POSITIVE:
gave land to farmersgave land to farmers
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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty
Empress WuEmpress Wu
only woman to lead China on her ownonly woman to lead China on her own
POSITIVE:POSITIVE:
added officials to China’s governmentadded officials to China’s government
strengthened China’s military forcesstrengthened China’s military forces
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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty
POSITIVEPOSITIVE::regained much power in Asiaregained much power in Asiaexpanded its territoryexpanded its territorycontrolled Tibetcontrolled Tibetcontrolled Silk Roadcontrolled Silk Roadcontrolled northern Vietnamcontrolled northern Vietnamreceived Tribute from Koreareceived Tribute from Koreapowerful Economypowerful Economyat first allowed Buddhismat first allowed Buddhism
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The Tang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty
NEGATIVENEGATIVE::
later destroyed many Buddhist monasteries & later destroyed many Buddhist monasteries & temples (change to mostly Confucianism)temples (change to mostly Confucianism)
nomadic Turks took over Silk Roadnomadic Turks took over Silk Road
greatly damaged China’s economygreatly damaged China’s economy
Tibet RevoltsTibet Revolts
farmers Revoltfarmers Revolt
disorder Ends the Tang in 907 A.D.disorder Ends the Tang in 907 A.D.
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The Song DynastyThe Song Dynasty
960 – 1279960 – 1279general declares himself emperor & sets up general declares himself emperor & sets up Song DynastySong Dynastyofficial Belief System = neo-Confucianismofficial Belief System = neo-Confucianismused Civil Service Examsused Civil Service Exams
POSITIVEPOSITIVE::economic Prosperityeconomic Prosperitycultural Achievementscultural Achievements
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The Song DynastyThe Song Dynasty
NEGATIVE:NEGATIVE:not enough soldiers to control vast empirenot enough soldiers to control vast empireTibet broke away from ChinaTibet broke away from Chinanomads took over much of northern Chinanomads took over much of northern Chinaforced to move capital to Hangzhouforced to move capital to Hangzhoucorruption in governmentcorruption in governmentwealthy merchants failed to pay taxeswealthy merchants failed to pay taxesMongols end the rule of SongMongols end the rule of Song
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CHINESE BUDDHISM
early Tang rulers – religious tolerance allowed Buddhism to be practiced supported building of temples
monks & nuns lived in monasteries ran schools provided rooms & food for travelers served as bankers provided medical care
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OPPOSITION TO BUDDHISM
wrong to accept donations
monks & nuns weakened respect for family life (not allowed to marry)
Tang officials feared growing power enemy of Chinese traditions destroyed temples & monasteries (A.D. 845) Buddhism never recovered
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KOREA
A.D. 200 Divided into three kingdoms lasted several hundred years
A.D. 300 Buddhism brought to Korea
A.D. 660 united into one country
government supported Buddhism grew stronger
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JAPAN
legend a Korean king writes to Japan’s emperor
“…most excellent of all teachings” sent statue of Buddha
over time, won many followers
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CONFUCIANISM
system of beliefs introduced by Confucius“great thinker”taught people needed to have a sense of duty to family & community in order to bring peace to societygood government depended on wise leadersCivil service exams product of Confucian ideas
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CONFUCIANISM
fall of Han Dynasty
no national government
no civil service examinations
Confucianism lost support
Buddhism wins many followers spiritual message
Tang & Song rulers bring Confucianism back into favor
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NEO-CONFUCIANISM
new kind of Confucianismcreated to reduce Buddhism’s popularitytaught life in this world just as important as the afterlifefollowers expected to
take part in life help others
criticized Buddhist ideaspicked up some Buddhist & Daoist beliefsDaoist – people should turn to nature & give up worldly concerns
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NEO-CONFUCIANISM
To many Chinese, Confucianism… became a religion about spiritual world taught followers …
would find peace of mind
live in harmony with nature
Song Dynasty supported neo-Confucianism adopted as official philosophy, or belief
system19
SCHOLAR-OFFICIALSbureaucracy based on merit system
people accepted for what they can do not on their riches or personal contacts
civil service examinations used to hire government officials tested knowledge of Confucian writings only men allowed to take tests only rich could afford to have sons study for the tests passing tests difficult only one in five passed those who failed never given government job
found jobs helping officials or taught 20
SCHOLAR-OFFICIALS
examination system created a new wealthy class made up of scholar-officials
strict rules set them apart from society no physical work students taught to never use their hands
except for painting or writing
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