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Page 1: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Chapter 12

Congress in Action

Page 2: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees

that evaluate bills. Select Com. - Temporary and created for

special purpose. Joint Com. - Has members from both House

and Senate. Conference Com. - Temporary joint com.

Created to find compromise on conflicting versions of a bill.

Page 3: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select
Page 4: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Senate Leadership President of the Senate (Vice President of

US) President Pro Tem - Leading member of

majority party. Runs day to day business if President is absent. Patrick Leahy

Majority/Minority Party Floor Leaders Majority/Minority Party Whips Committee Chairpersons

Page 5: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

House Leadership Speaker of the House - Elected by

majority party, party spokesperson, sets legislative agenda, chairs the House Rules Com, most powerful person in Congress. John Boehner

Maj/Min party floor leaders Party whips Committee chairpersons

Page 6: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Majority/Minority Floor Leader

Elected by party colleagues to carry out the decisions of the party caucus and steer floor action to their party’s benefit.

Page 7: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Party Whip

Assistant Floor Leader Serves as liaison between party

leadership and its rank-and-file members.

Page 8: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Committee Chairperson

Senior members of the majority who preside over committee business.

Page 9: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Seniority Rule

Congressional tradition that members with the longest continuous service are given the committee chairmanship.

Page 10: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Steps for a Bill to become Law

•Introduction•Committee Action•Floor Action•Conference committee•Final Floor Vote•Presidential Action

Page 11: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Introduction

A bill or resolution usually deals with a single matter, but sometimes a rider dealing with an unrelated matter is included.

The clerk of the House numbers each bill, gives it a short title, and enters it into the House Journal and the Congressional Record for the day. With these actions the bill has received its first reading.

Page 12: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Committee Actions

Discharge Petitions Most bills die in

committee, pigeonholed. If a committee

pigeonholes a bill that a majority of the House wishes to consider, it can be brought out of committee via a discharge petition.

Gathering Information Most committees do their

work through several subcommittees— divisions of existing committees formed to address specific issues.

Page 13: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Committee ActionsWhen a subcommittee has completed its work on a bill, it returns to the full committee. The full committee may do

one of several things:

1. Report the bill favorably, with a “do pass” recommendation.

2. Refuse to report the bill. 3. Report the bill in amendedform.

4. Report the bill withunfavorable recommendation.

5. Report a committee bill.

Page 14: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Floor Actions

Committee of the Whole The Committee of the Whole includes

all members of the House, however, they sit as one large committee and not as the House itself.

When the Committee of the Whole resolves itself, the Speaker steps down and another member presides. General debate follows.

Page 15: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Floor Actions - Debate Severe limits are placed on floor debate in

the House due to it’s large size. Not so in the Senate.

Majority and minority floor leaders generally decide in advance how they will split the time to be spent on a bill.

Page 16: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Floor Actions - Voting on a Bill

Once a bill has been approved at second reading, it is engrossed, or printed in its final form. It is then read for a third time and a final vote is taken.

Page 17: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Conference Committees Any measure enacted by Congress must have

been passed by both houses in identical form. If one of the houses will not accept the other’s

version of a bill, a conference committee is formed to iron out the differences.

Once a conference committee completes work on a bill, it is returned to both houses for final approval. It must be accepted or rejected without amendment.

Page 18: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Presidential Action Pass (sign) the bill Veto

Presidential vetoes can be overriden by 2/3 Congressional vote.

Pocket Veto If Congress adjourns within 10 days of submitting a

bill and Pres. doesn’t sign it, the measure dies. Take no action (Hold)

If President doesn’t sign within 10 days and Congress is still in session, bill becomes law.

Page 19: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Rider

An addition to the bill that has nothing to do with the bill, itself.

Page 20: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Patronage

The practice of rewarding political allies and supporters.

Page 21: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Parliamentary Procedure

Rules established in order to make meeting fair and equitable while controlling time and relevance.

Page 22: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Filibuster

An attempt to talk a bill to death in the Senate by not giving up the floor.

Page 23: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Cloture

Senate vote to end debate on a bill.

Page 24: Chapter 12 Congress in Action. Both Houses of Congress Organized Around Committees Standing Committees - permanent committees that evaluate bills. Select

Idaho Congressmen/Senators

Representatives District 1 – Raul Labrador

(R) District 2 – Mike Simpson

(R)

Senators Mike Crapo (R) Jim Risch (R)


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