chapter 12

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Chapter 12

Technology






Example T.1: Using a TI-83/84 Plus Calculator to Create a Scatter Plot

Use a TI-83/84 Plus calculator to create a scatter plot for the following data relating children’s ages and mean numbers of diaper changes per child per day.

Age Groups and Diaper ChangesAge (in Years), x 1 2 3 4 5

Diaper Changes, y 3.5 2.3 1.8 0.65 0






Example T.1: Using a TI-83/84 Plus Calculator to Create a Scatter Plot (cont.)

Solution We need to begin by entering the data into L1 and L2 as shown in the screenshot.







Once the data are entered, we can set up the STAT PLOTS menu as described previously. Next, press . The screenshot shows what might appear on the screen, if anything.







In order to adjust the screen to better view the scatter plot, we can press and then choose option 9:ZoomStat. This will create the scatter plot shown in the following screenshot.






Example T.2: Using Microsoft Excel to Create a Scatter Plot

Use Microsoft Excel to create a scatter plot of the data given in Example T.1 relating children’s ages and mean numbers of diaper changes per child per day. The data are reproduced in the following table.

Age Groups and Diaper ChangesAge (in Years), x 1 2 3 4 5

Diaper Changes, y 3.5 2.3 1.8 0.65 0






Example T.2: Using Microsoft Excel to Create a Scatter Plot (cont.)

Solution Enter the age data in column A and the data for the number of diaper changes in column B as shown in the following screenshot.







Highlight cells A1 through B6 and choose Scatter, and the first option, Scatter with only Markers, from the Charts section under the Insert tab. A scatter plot of the data is created. We will now use the chart tools to add a title, add axis labels, and remove the legend from the plot. Note that there are numerous ways to customize the scatter plot using the chart tools. When the chart is created, Microsoft Excel titles it “Diaper Changes” because this is the title of column B.







Change this to read “Age vs. Diaper Changes” by clicking directly on the title in the chart area. Under the Layout tab, choose Axis Titles, Primary Horizontal Axis Title, and Title Below Axis. Enter Age (in Years) as the title for the x-axis. Again, choose Axis Titles, then Primary Vertical Axis Title, and Rotated Title. Enter Number of Diaper Changes as the title for the y-axis. Finally, under the Layout tab, choose Legend, and None. You should then have a scatter plot that looks similar to the one in the following screenshot.






Example T.3: Using MINITAB to Create a Scatter Plot and Analyze a Linear Regression Model

The following data describe the population of a hypothetical small city. Create a scatter plot and linear regression model for the given data.

Population of a Small CityYear, x 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Population, y 52,324 54,350 55,990 57,123 60,005 62,357






Example T.3: Using Minitab to Create a Scatter Plot and Analyze a Linear Regression Model (cont.)

Solution First, enter the years in column C1 and the corresponding population values in column C2. The title for column C1 should be Year and the title for column C2 should be Population.







Go to Stat Regression Fitted Line Plot► ► . In the dialog box that appears, enter C2 for Response (Y) and C1 for Predictor (X). Make sure Linear is selected as the type of regression model and click OK.







A fitted line plot is created, which includes a scatter plot of the data along with the least squares regression line. ‑The regression equation is displayed directly below the plot title. To the right of the plot, the R2 and adjusted R2 values are given along with the standard error of estimate. In the Session window, this information is also given, along with the ANOVA table. Notice that the p-value is also produced, which describes how well the model fits the data.

chapter 12

Documents

success counts

following data

age data

number of diaper changes

x12345diaper changes

mean numbers of diaper

diaper changesage

following screenshot