Chapter 11Chapter 11

The Triumphs and Travails of The Triumphs and Travails of Jeffersonian RepublicJeffersonian Republic

1800-18121800-1812

Federalists vs. RepublicansFederalists vs. Republicans

Federalists= Alien and Sedition ActsFederalists= Alien and Sedition Acts– Lack of war with FranceLack of war with France– Hamilton split with AdamsHamilton split with Adams

Jefferson’s characterJefferson’s character– Religious attacksReligious attacks

Revolution of 1800Revolution of 1800

Jefferson with Aaron BurrJefferson with Aaron Burr– South, West and NYSouth, West and NY– Tie between Burr and Jefferson!Tie between Burr and Jefferson! House House

of Representativesof Representatives– Lame DuckLame Duck

Revolution of 1800Revolution of 1800– Federalists betrayed idealsFederalists betrayed ideals– Peaceful transfer of powerPeaceful transfer of power

Mild ReformsMild Reforms

Pardons for Sedition ActPardons for Sedition Act

Return residency requirements to 5 Return residency requirements to 5 yearsyears

No more excise taxNo more excise tax

Albert Gallatin= reduce debt and Albert Gallatin= reduce debt and balance budgetbalance budget

Continued many Hamilton programsContinued many Hamilton programs

Marbury vs. MadisonMarbury vs. Madison

Judiciary Act 1801- midnight judgesJudiciary Act 1801- midnight judges– Life time appointments!Life time appointments!– Some not delivered/repealedSome not delivered/repealed

William Marbury= justice of the William Marbury= justice of the peace?peace?

Chief Justice John MarshallChief Justice John Marshall

Created power of judicial reviewCreated power of judicial review

ImpeachmentImpeachment

Attempted impeachment of associate Attempted impeachment of associate justice Samuel Chasejustice Samuel Chase– Open opposition to JeffersoniansOpen opposition to Jeffersonians

““high crimes and misdemeanors?”high crimes and misdemeanors?”– Maintained independence of judiciaryMaintained independence of judiciary

Barbary PiratesBarbary Pirates

Jefferson reduced armyJefferson reduced army

Pirates of North African Barbary Pirates of North African Barbary CoastCoast– Federalists had bought protectionFederalists had bought protection

1801 Tripoli1801 Tripoli undeclared war with undeclared war with US (Tripolitan War)US (Tripolitan War)

$60,000= peace treaty 1805$60,000= peace treaty 1805

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana PurchaseFrance seized Louisiana Territory France seized Louisiana Territory (Napoleon)(Napoleon) right of deposit on right of deposit on MississippiMississippiJames Monroe and Robert LivingstonJames Monroe and Robert LivingstonSold all of LouisianaSold all of Louisiana– Needed money to recapture Santo Needed money to recapture Santo

DomingoDomingo– Yellow feverYellow fever– War with Great Britain loomingWar with Great Britain looming– $15 for 828,000 square miles; $15 for 828,000 square miles;

constitutional?constitutional?

Lewis and ClarkLewis and Clark

““Valley of Democracy”Valley of Democracy”

Meriwether Lewis and William ClarkMeriwether Lewis and William Clark– Sacajawea guided along Missouri from Sacajawea guided along Missouri from

St. Louis through Rockies, down St. Louis through Rockies, down Columbia to PacificColumbia to Pacific

– 2 ½ years= overland expansion2 ½ years= overland expansion

Aaron BurrAaron BurrAaron Burr dropped as VP in 2Aaron Burr dropped as VP in 2ndnd term termConspiracy with Federalist Conspiracy with Federalist extremists= Hamilton found outextremists= Hamilton found out– Hamilton killed in duelHamilton killed in duel

New scheme with James Wilkinson of New scheme with James Wilkinson of Louisiana TerritoryLouisiana Territory1806 tried for treason1806 tried for treason no overt no overt actionsactionsEscaped to EuropeEscaped to Europe

Britain vs. FranceBritain vs. France

Jefferson reelected 1804= war Jefferson reelected 1804= war between Britain and Francebetween Britain and France

Acted as neutral merchantActed as neutral merchant

British- naval supremacy, French- British- naval supremacy, French- land supremacy; trade disallowedland supremacy; trade disallowed

6,000 Americans impressed by 6,000 Americans impressed by BritishBritish

The Embargo ActThe Embargo ActWeak army and navyWeak army and navy Embargo Act 1807 Embargo Act 1807– Peaceful coercionPeaceful coercion– Hurt American economy moreHurt American economy more– Revived Federalist partyRevived Federalist party

Congress repealed for Non-Intercourse Act Congress repealed for Non-Intercourse Act March 1, 1809March 1, 1809– Trade allowed except with France and GBTrade allowed except with France and GB

Foreign reliance of US goods, empires to Foreign reliance of US goods, empires to supplysupply

US manufacturing restartedUS manufacturing restarted

James MadisonJames Madison

James Madison 1809James Madison 1809

Macon’s Bill #2Macon’s Bill #2– Allowed Europe to choose allyAllowed Europe to choose ally

Napoleon lifted his trade restrictions Napoleon lifted his trade restrictions knowing Great Britain wouldn’tknowing Great Britain wouldn’t

TecumsehTecumseh

War hawks in new Congress 1811War hawks in new Congress 1811

Tecumseh and brother Tenskwatawa Tecumseh and brother Tenskwatawa (the Prophet)(the Prophet)– Indian Confederacy, tribal unityIndian Confederacy, tribal unity– Brits in Canada agitating?Brits in Canada agitating?– William Henry Harrison and Battle of William Henry Harrison and Battle of

TippecanoeTippecanoe

Start of War of 1812Start of War of 1812

Take out Canada= Indian baseTake out Canada= Indian base– Defend republicanismDefend republicanism

Close declaration of war June 1812Close declaration of war June 1812– Partisan and sectionalPartisan and sectional– New England against war with Great New England against war with Great

BritainBritain