chapter 10 negotiating intersections. chapter 10 negotiating intersections 10.1 searching...
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CHAPTER 10
NEGOTIATING INTERSECTIONS
CHAPTER 10NEGOTIATING INTERSECTIONS
10.1 SEARCHING INTERSECTIONS10.2 DETERMINING RIGHT OF WAY AND JUDGING GAPS10.3 CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS10.4 UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS10.5 RAILROAD CROSSINGS10.6 ROUNDABOUTS
CHAPTER 10INTERSECTIONS FACTS:
1/3 OF ALL COLLISIONS TAKE PLACE AT INTERSECTIONS
¼ OF ALL FATAL COLLISIONS TAKE PLACE AT INTERSECTIONS
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
Street signs and roadway markings
Crossing Traffic
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
• PARKED VEHICLES ON CROSS STREETS
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
• POWER LINES
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
• ROWS OF FENCES
IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS:
• TURNING TRAFFIC• TRAFFIC STOPPING
CHAPTER 7
APPROACHING INTERSECTIONS:1. IDENTIFY OPEN ZONE2. SEARCH RIGHT AND LEFT3. LOOK FOR LINE OF SIGHT RESTRICTIONS
THROUGH INTERSECTIONS
1. CONTINUE IF CLEAR2. ALWAYS CONTINUALLY SCAN RIGHT & LEFT3. LOOK FOR TRAFFIC SIGNALS OR OTHER MOVING VEHICLES4. REMEMBER, YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO CHANGE LANES
WITHIN AN INTERSECTION!
POINT OF NO RETURN: THE POINT BEYOND WHICH YOU
CAN NO LONGER STOP SAFELY WITHOUT ENTERING AN INTERSECTION.
(NORMALLY ABOUT 2 SECONDS FROM INTERSECTIONS)
FROM A STOP AT AN INTERSECTION
1. LOOK 90 DEGREES TO THE RIGHT AND LEFT
2. WHEN TURNING LAST CHECK SHOULD BE YOUR INTENDED PATH OF TRAVEL
3. IF WAITING BEHIND ANOTHER VEHICLE, WAIT AT LEAST 1 SECOND AFTER IT BEGINS TO MOVE
TRAFFIC CIRLES
• When several roads meet at an intersection
CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS
TWO KINDS OF SIGNSSTOP:
MUST MAKE FULL STOP BEHIND STOP LINE,
CROSSWALK, OR INTERSECTIONYEILD:
SLOW AND YEILD RIGHT OF WAY TO VEHICLES ON THROUGH STREET
STOPPING POINTS
WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?
• CONTROLLED, 4 WAY STOP
WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?
• BEFORE THE SIDE WALK
WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?
• BEFORE YOU ENTER THE INTERSECTION AND CAN SEE CLEARLY.
WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?
• BEFORE THE CROSSWALK
WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?
• AT THE WHITE STOP LINE
WHERE WOULD YOU STOP?
• AT THE STOP LINE
WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?
• CONTROLLED, WHITE LINE TELLS US THERE IS A STOP SIGN, HIDDEN BY THE TREES!
WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS?
• CONTROLLED, THEY HAVE STOP SIGNS
WHAT KIND OF INTERSECTION IS THIS
• CONTROLLED, WITH YEILD SIGNS• REMEMBER, NEVER ASSUME THEY WILL STOP!
BLOCKED VIEW AT AN INTERSECTION
1. STOP AND SCAN, THEN SLOWLY CREEP FORWARD
2. KEEP CHECKING RIGHT & LEFT, STOP BEFORE FRONT BUMPER ENTERS INTERSECTION
3. WHEN YOU HAVE AN OPEN GAP FROM BOTH DIRECTIONS THEN PROCEDE
JOINING TRAFFIC:
1. SCAN BEFORE YOU REACH INTESECTION2. SIGNAL EARLY3. STOP AND IDENTIFY A 7 SECOND GAP4. LOOK TO TARGET AND ACCELERATE TO TURN5. ADJUST TO TRAFFIC AND CHECK REVIEW MIRROR
THE FASTER THE TRAFIC THE BIGGER THE GAP NEEDED!
CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS WITH SIGNALS
RED YELLOWGREENTURNING ARROWS
SIGNALS
FRESH GREEN LIGHT:HAS JUST TURNED GREENBE SURE NO ONE IS IN CROSS WALKS
AND NO ONE IS RUNNING THE RED LIGHT
STALE GREEN LIGHT:HAS BEEN GREEN A LONG TIME PREDICT IT WILL TURN TO YELLOW
YELLOW LIGHT:
MUST DECIDE TO PROCEDE OR STOP (PNR)IF CLOSE TO INTERSECTION, THEN PROCEDEIF TOO FAR (3-4SEC), THEN YOU MUST STOP
BUT! ALWAYS CHECK REVIEW MIRROR BEFORE YOU MAKE YOUR DECISION
CHAPTER 7RED LIGHT
WHEN APPORACHING CHECK REVIEW MIRROR BEFORE YOU BRAKE
STOP FAR ENOUGH BEHIND OTHERS SO THAT YOU CAN SEE THEIR REAR TIRESCOME TO COMPLETE STOP AT THE “STOP LINE”
UNPROTECTED LEFT TURNS
MADE AT A TRAFFIC SIGNAL THAT DOES NOT HAVE A TURNING ARROW.MUST YEILD TO ON COMIONG TRAFFICWHEN GAP IS LARGE ENOUGH THEN MAKE TURNIF LIGHT TURNS RED WHILE YOU ARE IN THE INTERSECTION, MAKE TURN AFTER ALL VEHICLES HAVE STOPPED
PROTECTED LEFT TURNSLEFT TURN LIGHT/GREEN ARROW:PROCEDE ONLY WHEN INTERSECTION IS CLEAR AND EVERYONE ELSE HAS STOPPED
DELAYED GREEN LIGHT:ONE SIDE OF TRAFFIC HAS A LONGER GREEN LIGHT THAN THE OTHER
RIGHT TURNS ON RED
MUST COME TO COMPLETE STOPMOVE INTO POSITION TO SEE CLEARLYSEARCH FRONT ZONES FOR OPENINGYEILD RIGHT OF WAY TO ANY PEDESTRIAN OR VEHICLETURN INTO NEARSET LANE OF TRAFFIC GOING SAME DIRECTION
RIGHT ON RED
• MAKE SURE IT IS LEGAL TO TURN!
APPROACHING TRACKS
• SCAN MAKE SURE YOU CAN SEE FAR ENOUGH BOTH DIRECTIONS
• COVER BRAKE• SLOW DOWN AS YOU CROSS
RAILROAD CROSSINGS
MUST STOP BEHIND LINEWAIT FOR GATES TO GO ALL THE WAY UPCHECK BOTH WAYS FOR MULTIPLE TRAINSCAFREFULLY PROCEDE ONLY WHEN CLEAR
UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS
HAS NO SIGNS OR TRAFFIC CONTROLSUSUALLY FOUND IN RESIDENTIAL AREASTREAT LIKE A YEILD SIGNCOVER BRAKE AND SCANNEVER ASSUME ANOTHER DRIVIER WILL YEILD!
DETERMINING RIGHT OF WAY
RIGHT OF WAY:PRIVILEGE OF HAVING IMMEDIATE USE
OF A CERTAIN PART OF A ROADWAY
SITUATIONS WHERE YOU MUST YEILD RIGHT OF WAY
1. TO ALL PEDESTRIANS2. ALL TRAFFIC ON THROUGH STREET3. VEHICLES STILL IN INTERSECTION4. COMING FRM AN ALLEY, DRIVEWAY, OR PRIVATE ROADWAY5. TO EMERGENCY VEHICLES6. AT FOUR WAY STOP TO THE VEHICLE ON THE RIGHT OR THE VEHICLE THAT GOT THERE BEFORE YOU7. WHEN TURNING LEFT AT AN INTERSECTION8. ANYTIME NECESSARY TO PREVENT A COLLISION! ESPECIALLY AT UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS9. AND OF COURSE, AT YEILD SIGNS
SITUATIONS WHERE YOU MUST YEILD:
PEDESTRIANS!
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY?
WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF
WAY?
• THEY WILL, STOPPED BEFORE US
WHO WILL HAVE THE RIGHT OF WAY?
• DEPENDS WHO GETS THERE FIRST• IF AT THE SAME TIME, WE WILL
JUDGING TRAFFIC GAPS
1. CROSSING AN INTERSECTION 4-5 SECONDS EACH WAY
2. TURNING RIGHT, TAKES LONGER, 6 SECONDS OR MORE
3. TURNING LEFT, MOST DANGEROUS, 7 SECONDS OR MORE