Chapter 1:Chapter 1:The Sports Medicine The Sports Medicine

TeamTeam

What is an athletic trainer concerned What is an athletic trainer concerned with?with?

The well-being of an athlete and generally The well-being of an athlete and generally assumes the responsibility of overseeing assumes the responsibility of overseeing the total health care for the athlete.the total health care for the athlete.

What is a major problem that lies What is a major problem that lies with the millions of sports with the millions of sports participants who incur injuries or participants who incur injuries or illness that could have been illness that could have been prevented?prevented?

Later, as a consequence, develop Later, as a consequence, develop more serious chronic conditions.more serious chronic conditions.

What are the six performance What are the six performance domains of the athletic trainer?domains of the athletic trainer?

Prevention of athletic injuriesPrevention of athletic injuries Recognition, evaluation, assessmentRecognition, evaluation, assessment Immediate careImmediate care Treatment, rehabilitation, and Treatment, rehabilitation, and

reconditioningreconditioning Organization and administrationOrganization and administration Professional development and Professional development and

responsibilityresponsibility

How can the athletic trainer How can the athletic trainer minimize the risk of injury?minimize the risk of injury?

Ensuring appropriate training and Ensuring appropriate training and conditioning of the athleteconditioning of the athlete

Monitoring environmental conditions Monitoring environmental conditions to ensure safe participationto ensure safe participation

Selecting, properly fitting, and Selecting, properly fitting, and maintaining protective equipmentmaintaining protective equipment

Making certain that the athlete is Making certain that the athlete is eating properlyeating properly

Making sure the athlete is using Making sure the athlete is using medications appropriately while medications appropriately while discouraging substance abusediscouraging substance abuse

What are the personal qualities an What are the personal qualities an athletic trainer should have?athletic trainer should have?

Stamina and ability to adaptStamina and ability to adapt EmpathyEmpathy Sense of humorSense of humor Ability to communicateAbility to communicate Intellectual curiosityIntellectual curiosity EthicsEthics

Who assumes the responsibility for Who assumes the responsibility for diagnosing an injury?diagnosing an injury?

The team physicianThe team physician

What should the athletic trainer be What should the athletic trainer be capable of doing?capable of doing?

An accurate initial evaluation after An accurate initial evaluation after acute injuryacute injury

Chapter 7:Chapter 7:Protective Sports Protective Sports

EquipmentEquipment

What is the definition of What is the definition of prophylactic?prophylactic?

Refers to prevention, preservation, or Refers to prevention, preservation, or protectionprotection

What are the two things about sports What are the two things about sports equipment that are essential in the equipment that are essential in the prevention of many sports injuries?prevention of many sports injuries?

Proper selection and proper fitProper selection and proper fit

What is the concern with a piece of What is the concern with a piece of equipment that is protective to one equipment that is protective to one athlete?athlete?

It may be used as a weapon against It may be used as a weapon against another athleteanother athlete

Why should old, worn-out, ill-fitting Why should old, worn-out, ill-fitting equipment never be passed down to equipment never be passed down to younger, less experienced players?younger, less experienced players?

It compounds their chances for It compounds their chances for injuriesinjuries

What are stock devices?What are stock devices?

They are pre-made and pre-They are pre-made and pre-packaged and are for immediate usepackaged and are for immediate use

What are customized devices?What are customized devices?

Devices constructed according to the Devices constructed according to the individual characteristics of the individual characteristics of the athleteathlete

Stock items may cause what Stock items may cause what problems?problems?

Sizing problemsSizing problems

Chapter 8:Chapter 8:Bandaging and TapingBandaging and Taping

What are the nine rules for tape application?What are the nine rules for tape application?

If the part to be taped is a joint, place it in the If the part to be taped is a joint, place it in the position in which it is to be stabilized.position in which it is to be stabilized.

Overlap the tape at least half the width of the tape Overlap the tape at least half the width of the tape below.below.

Avoid continuous taping.Avoid continuous taping. Keep the tape roll in the hand whenever possible.Keep the tape roll in the hand whenever possible. Smooth and mold the tape as it is laid on the skin.Smooth and mold the tape as it is laid on the skin. Allow the tape to fit the natural contour of the skin.Allow the tape to fit the natural contour of the skin. Start taping with an anchor piece and finish by Start taping with an anchor piece and finish by

applying a lock strip.applying a lock strip. Where maximum support is desired, tape directly Where maximum support is desired, tape directly

over the skin.over the skin. Do not apply tape if skin is hot or cold from a Do not apply tape if skin is hot or cold from a

therapeutic modality.therapeutic modality.

Chapter 3:Chapter 3:Legal ConcernsLegal Concerns

What is liability?What is liability?

Being legally responsible for the Being legally responsible for the harm one causes another personharm one causes another person

What is negligence?What is negligence?

The failure to use ordinary or The failure to use ordinary or reasonable care reasonable care

What is a tort?What is a tort?

Legal wrongs committed against a Legal wrongs committed against a person which may emanate from an person which may emanate from an act of omission or from an act of act of omission or from an act of commission.commission.

What is an act of omission?What is an act of omission?

The individual fails to perform a legal The individual fails to perform a legal dutyduty

What is an act of commission?What is an act of commission?

Commits an act that is not legally his Commits an act that is not legally his or hers to perform.or hers to perform.

When is negligence alleged?When is negligence alleged?

When an individual does something When an individual does something that a reasonably prudent person that a reasonably prudent person would not do or fails to do something would not do or fails to do something that a reasonably prudent person that a reasonably prudent person would do under circumstances similar would do under circumstances similar to those shown by the evidenceto those shown by the evidence

What is a statute of limitations?What is a statute of limitations?

Sets a specific length of time that Sets a specific length of time that individuals may sue for damages individuals may sue for damages from negligence from negligence

What is an assumption of risk?What is an assumption of risk?

The individual, through expressed or The individual, through expressed or implied agreement, assumes that some implied agreement, assumes that some risk or danger will be involved in the risk or danger will be involved in the particular undertaking. In other words, particular undertaking. In other words, a person takes his or her own chances.a person takes his or her own chances.

How does a coach reduce his or her How does a coach reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

warn athletes of potential dangers warn athletes of potential dangers inherent in their sportinherent in their sport

supervise regularly and attentivelysupervise regularly and attentively properly prepare and condition properly prepare and condition

athletesathletes properly instruct athletes in the skills properly instruct athletes in the skills

of their sportof their sport ensure that proper and safe ensure that proper and safe

equipment and facilities are used by equipment and facilities are used by athletes at all timesathletes at all times

How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

work to establish good personal relationships work to establish good personal relationships with athletes, parents, and coworkerswith athletes, parents, and coworkers

establish specific policies and guidelines for establish specific policies and guidelines for operation of an athletic training facility, and operation of an athletic training facility, and maintain qualified and adequate supervision of maintain qualified and adequate supervision of the training room, its environ, facilities, and the training room, its environ, facilities, and equipment at all timesequipment at all times

develop and carefully follow an emergency plandevelop and carefully follow an emergency plan become familiar with health status and medical become familiar with health status and medical

history of the athletes under his or her care so as history of the athletes under his or her care so as to be aware of particular problems that could to be aware of particular problems that could present a need for additional care or cautionpresent a need for additional care or caution

How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

keep factually accurate and timely records that keep factually accurate and timely records that document all injuries and rehabilitation steps, document all injuries and rehabilitation steps, and set up a record retention policy that allows and set up a record retention policy that allows records to be kept and used in defense of records to be kept and used in defense of litigation that may be brought by athletes. A litigation that may be brought by athletes. A record retention system needs to keep records record retention system needs to keep records for long enough to defend against suits brought for long enough to defend against suits brought by athletes after they attain the age of eighteenby athletes after they attain the age of eighteen

document efforts to maintain a safe playing document efforts to maintain a safe playing environmentenvironment

have a detailed job description in writinghave a detailed job description in writing obtain, from athletes and from parents or obtain, from athletes and from parents or

guardians when minors are involved, written guardians when minors are involved, written consent for providing health careconsent for providing health care

How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

maintain confidentiality of medical recordsmaintain confidentiality of medical records exercise extreme caution in the administration, if exercise extreme caution in the administration, if

allowed by law, of non-prescription medications; allowed by law, of non-prescription medications; athletic trainers may not dispense prescription drugsathletic trainers may not dispense prescription drugs

use only those therapeutic methods that he or she is use only those therapeutic methods that he or she is qualified to use and that the law states may be usedqualified to use and that the law states may be used

not use or permit the presence of faulty or not use or permit the presence of faulty or hazardous equipmenthazardous equipment

work cooperatively with the coach and the team work cooperatively with the coach and the team physician in the selection and use of sports physician in the selection and use of sports protective equipment, and insist that the best be protective equipment, and insist that the best be obtained, properly fitted, and properly maintainedobtained, properly fitted, and properly maintained

How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

not permit injured players to participate unless not permit injured players to participate unless cleared by the team physician. Players suffering a cleared by the team physician. Players suffering a head injury should not be permitted to re-enter the head injury should not be permitted to re-enter the game. In some states a player who has suffered a game. In some states a player who has suffered a concussion may not continue in the sport for the concussion may not continue in the sport for the balance of the season.balance of the season.

Develop an understanding with the coaches that an Develop an understanding with the coaches that an injured player will not be allowed to re-enter injured player will not be allowed to re-enter competition until, in the opinion of the team competition until, in the opinion of the team physician or the athletic trainer, he or she is physician or the athletic trainer, he or she is psychologically and physically able. Athletic trainers psychologically and physically able. Athletic trainers should not allow themselves to be pressured to clear should not allow themselves to be pressured to clear an athlete until he or she is fully cleared by the an athlete until he or she is fully cleared by the physician.physician.

How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her How does an athletic trainer reduce his or her chance of litigation?chance of litigation?

Follow the express orders of the team physician at Follow the express orders of the team physician at all timesall times

Purchase professional liability insurance that Purchase professional liability insurance that provides adequate financial coverage and be provides adequate financial coverage and be aware of the limitations of the policyaware of the limitations of the policy

Know the limitations of his or her expertise as well Know the limitations of his or her expertise as well as the applicable state regulations and restrictions as the applicable state regulations and restrictions that limit the athletic trainers scope of practicethat limit the athletic trainers scope of practice

Use common sense in making decisions about an Use common sense in making decisions about an athlete’s health and safety. In the case of an athlete’s health and safety. In the case of an injury the athletic trainer must use reasonable injury the athletic trainer must use reasonable care to prevent additional injury until further care to prevent additional injury until further medical care is obtainedmedical care is obtained

Chapter 14:Chapter 14:Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

How are bloodborne pathogens How are bloodborne pathogens transmitted?transmitted?

Through contact with blood or other Through contact with blood or other bodily fluidsbodily fluids

What are the modes of transmission?What are the modes of transmission?

Human blood, semen, vaginal Human blood, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluidsynovial fluid

What are the two bloodborne What are the two bloodborne pathogens of special concern?pathogens of special concern?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Transmission of Transmission of Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms Flu-like symptomsFlu-like symptoms Jaundice Jaundice

Mode of Mode of TransmissionTransmission

Direct contactDirect contact Indirect contact Indirect contact

Infectious MaterialsInfectious Materials BloodBlood Saliva Saliva SemenSemen FecesFeces FoodFood WaterWater Other products Other products

Transmission of Transmission of Human immunodeficiency Human immunodeficiency

virus HIV/AIDSvirus HIV/AIDSSigns and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

FeverFever Night sweats Night sweats Weight lossWeight loss DiarrheaDiarrhea Severe fatigueSevere fatigue Swollen lymph nodesSwollen lymph nodes Lesions Lesions

Mode of Mode of TransmissionTransmission

Direct contactDirect contact Indirect contact Indirect contact

Infectious MaterialsInfectious Materials BloodBlood SemenSemen FecesFeces Vaginal FluidsVaginal Fluids